16 research outputs found

    NOVO REGISTRO DE BIOMPHALARIA INTERMEDIA (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA: PLANORBIDAE) PARA O ESTADO DE ALAGOAS, BRASIL

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    A espécie de Planorbidae, B/ompha/aria intermedia (Paraense & Deslandes) foi previamente registrada apenas no estado de São Paulo e adjacentes. Neste trabalho um novo registro de B. intermedia é apresentado. Os espécimes foram coletados em um açude artificial localizado no município de Maceió, Alagoas. Este novo registro sugere que a distribuição geográfica da espécie é mais ampla do que era acreditado anteriormente

    NOVO REGISTRO DE BIOMPHALARIA INTERMEDIA (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA: PLANORBIDAE) PARA O ESTADO DE ALAGOAS, BRASIL

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    A espécie de Planorbidae, B/ompha/aria intermedia (Paraense & Deslandes) foi previamente registrada apenas no estado de São Paulo e adjacentes. Neste trabalho um novo registro de B. intermedia é apresentado. Os espécimes foram coletados em um açude artificial localizado no município de Maceió, Alagoas. Este novo registro sugere que a distribuição geográfica da espécie é mais ampla do que era acreditado anteriormente

    Anthropogenic disturbances alter the relationships between environmental heterogeneity and biodiversity of stream insects

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    Highlights • EH plays a more important role in biodiversity when anthropogenic disturbance is high. • Within a stream site, EH does not affect beta diversity of aquatic insects. • Model selection approach pinpointed the most ecologically meaningful EH metrics. • Managing EH requires knowledge of how disturbances drive biological indicators.The effects of anthropogenic disturbance on multiple facets of biodiversity are poorly understood. In this study, we worked with the hypothesis that anthropogenic disturbances affect the relationship between environmental heterogeneity (EH) and biodiversity. We used a model selection approach to test three predictions. P1: The greater the level of anthropogenic disturbance, the weaker will be the relationship between EH and both taxonomic and functional alpha diversities. P2: The sign and strength of correlations between EH metrics and both taxonomic and functional alpha diversities will depend on the level of anthropogenic disturbance. P3: Taxonomic and functional beta diversities will not respond to the EH gradient. We sampled 76 stream sites in the Brazilian Neotropical savanna and collected insect of the orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera to measure taxonomic and functional alpha and beta diversities. For P1, we did not find a trend of decreasing strength of this relationship with increasing disturbance. Results confirmed P2. Spatial flow diversity was positively correlated to taxonomic and functional alpha diversities in least-disturbed sites. Bankfull height variation was negatively correlated to taxonomic and functional alpha diversities in moderately-disturbed sites. Thalweg depth variation was positively correlated to taxonomic and functional alpha diversities in most-disturbed sites. Results partially confirmed P3 because taxonomic and functional beta diversities correlated with EH metrics in most-disturbed sites. We conclude that the biodiversity-EH relationship is not the same at all levels of anthropogenic disturbance, a finding that has implications for biomonitoring and ecosystem management

    Freshwater invertebrate responses to fine sediment stress: a multi-continent perspective

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    Excessive fine sediment (particles <2 mm) deposition in freshwater systems is a pervasive stressor worldwide. However, understanding of ecological response to excess fine sediment in river systems at the global scale is limited. Here, we aim to address whether there is a consistent response to increasing levels of deposited fine sediment by freshwater invertebrates across multiple geographic regions (Australia, Brazil, New Zealand, and the UK). Results indicate ecological responses are not globally consistent and are instead dependent on both the region and the facet of invertebrate diversity considered, i.e., taxonomic or functional trait structure. Invertebrate communities of Australia were most sensitive to deposited fine sediment, with the greatest rate of change in communities occurring when fine sediment cover was low (below 25% of the reach). Communities in the UK displayed greater tolerance with most compositional change occurring between 30-60% cover. In both New Zealand and Brazil, which included the most heavily sedimented sampled streams, the communities were more tolerant or demonstrated ambiguous responses, likely due to historic environmental filtering of invertebrate communities. We conclude that ecological responses to fine sediment are not generalisable globally and are dependent on landscape filters with regional context and historic land management playing important roles

    Avaliação Ecológica Rápida de Qualidade de Água e Bioindicadores Bentônicos no Parque Nacional da Serra do Gandarela, Minas Gerais

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    Durante uma disciplina de pós-graduação, realizamos uma Avaliação Ecológica Rápida sobre qualidade de água e biodiversidade de bioindicadores bentônicos no Parque Nacional (PARNA) da Serra do Gandarela, MG. Os objetivos foram: (a) capacitar profissionais na utilização de metodologias atuais em Rapid Assessment Protocols (RAP) para estudos de diagnóstico e monitoramento de integridade ecológica de ecossistemas aquáticos em regiões de cabeceira de bacias hidrográficas; (b) contribuir ao conhecimento da biodiversidade aquática em corpos d’água no PARNA Serra do Gandarela; (c) fomentar intercâmbio e colaboração entre mestrandos, doutorandos, guarda-parques, visitantes, membros de comitês de bacia, gestores ICMBio, moradores e interessados na conservação de biodiversidade no Quadrilátero Ferrífero; (d) gerar informações de base sobre qualidade de água, biodiversidade de macroinvertebrados bentônicos bioindicadores de qualidade de água no PARNA Serra do Gandarela. Os principais resultados revelam que o PARNA Serra do Gandarela é guardião de riachos de cabeceira em condições de referência, com elevada diversidade de hábitats aquáticos e ótima qualidade de água, onde vivem organismos bentônicos sensíveis, tolerantes e resistentes à poluição. Sendo a Serra do Gandarela responsável pela segurança hídrica de grande parte dos municípios do Quadrilátero Ferrífero de Minas Gerais, é extremamente importante que estes riachos em condições de referência sejam conservados e utilizados em futuros estudos de avaliação de impactos ambientais e programas de monitoramento de condições ecológicas de longo prazo. As condições de alta preservação devem servir como baliza de referência para tomadores de decisão em processos de licenciamento ambiental de empreendimentos potencialmente causadores de impactos ambientais e riscos à biodiversidade

    Corbicula fluminea (Corbiculidae, Bivalvia) alters the taxonomic and functional structure of benthic assemblages in neotropical hydropower reservoirs

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    The objective of this study is to understand how the taxonomic and functional structures of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages respond to variations in the densities of Corbicula fluminea, an invasive species originated in Asia, in neotropical hydropower reservoirs. For that we tested three hypotheses: (1) Sites with higher densities of C. fluminea exclude benthic taxa linked to soft substrates and increase the densities of taxa linked to hard substrates. (2) Sites with higher densities of C. fluminea support higher diversities than those with natural soft substrates. (3) Higher densities of C. fluminea support higher functional diversities than the natural soft substrate sites. Our results show that C. fluminea densities are correlated with changes in the taxonomic structure, namely substitution of burrowing taxa for those related to hard substrates, and with increased functional diversity. No taxonomic index showed significant correlation with C. fluminea density, but the functional indices (Functional Richness, Functional Dispersion and Rao’s Quadratic Entropy) showed significant positive correlations. Our results show that functional traits are more sensitive ecological indicators of biological alteration of physical habitat than those based on taxonomic composition and diversity metrics

    What physical habitat factors determine the distribution of gastropods in neotropical headwater streams?

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    Freshwater gastropods play a pivotal role in the structure and functioning of freshwater ecosystems, but despite their importance, there are still gaps in their ecology. Our goal was to understand what physical habitat factors are the most important for the distribution of freshwater gastropods in headwater stream ecosystems in the Neotropical Savanna and provide a baseline for conservation and management efforts for freshwater gastropods in this biome. We identified five taxa, each with different environmental prefferences. Littoridina presence related negatively with stream slope, Biomphalaria presence related positively with total dissolved solids and the proportions of cobble, fine sediment and organic matter. Gundlachia presence correlated positively with elevation and the proportion of pools in the site. Physa presence related negatively with total dissolved solids and positively with alkalinity. Melanoides tuberculata presence correlated positively with the proportion of coarse gravel. Our results highlight the challenge for protecting native freshwater gastropod assemblages (and managing non-native invasive species), because environmental preferences vary widely amongst taxa and most are vulnerable to common anthropogenic disturbances

    Macroinvertebrados Bentônicos como Bioindicadores no Parque Nacional da Serra de Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brasil

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    A qualidade da agua e representada por um conjunto de características que envolvem a natureza química, física e biológica. Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar a composição de bioindicadores nos riachos da Serra de Itabaiana denominados Coqueiro, Agua Fria, Negros e Vermelho como também pretendeu contribuir no plano de manejo e gestão desses recursos. As amostragens foram realizadas nos períodos chuvoso e seco nos 4 riachos. Os parâmetros físicos e químicos foram mensurados in situ e amostras de sedimentos para o estudo das comunidades bentônicas foram coletadas com coletor tipo Surber. As amostras foram realizadas em treplicas, seguidas de duas pseudoréplicas por ponto. Os parâmetros físico-químicos mantiveram-se dentro dos limites da Resolução CONAMA n° 357 (2005). No total, 5.389 macroinvertebrados foram coletados e identificados em 50 famílias. Chironomidae representaram 42% do total de invertebrados coletados (n=2.260). O segmento de riacho com maior numero de organismos foi o Coqueiro (n=1.304) e o com menor o Agua Fria (n=622). Foi constatada uma diferença significativa (p&lt;0,05), sendo no seco n=3.790 e no chuvoso n=1.599 invertebrados. Os riachos nos limites do parque apresentaram semelhança (H&gt;0,92). Dentre os insetos, foram encontrados 970 individuos das ordens EPT, com predomínio de Trichoptera (n=478, aproximadamente 50%). Os riachos possuem todos os grupos funcionais de alimentação, registrando 3.489 coletores-catadores (64,74%) distribuídos em 8 táxons; já os fragmentadores apresentaram apenas 50 indivíduos (0,92%) com 6 táxons. Em suma, os resultados indicam que as áreas dentro da unidade de conservação apresentaram condições ambientais mais favoráveis

    Physical habitat condition as a key tool to maintain freshwater biodiversity in neotropical artificial ponds

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    In areas highly affected by anthropogenic disturbances, artificial (human-made) freshwater ecosystems can provide habitat for maintaining and conserving regional freshwater biodiversity. We assessed how the physical habitat of artificial ponds affected the structure of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages. To do so, we tested two hypotheses. (1) Physical habitat disturbances are not detrimental to the diversity of nearby artificial ponds, and (2) Physical habitat disturbances do not cause significant shifts in taxonomic composition. Our results rejected both null hypotheses, i.e., macroinvertebrate diversity metrics correlated significantly and positively with Physical Habitat Integrity index scores, and only sites with high habitat condition scores were significantly associated with sensitive indicator taxa. Our results highlight the importance of maintaining physical habitat conditions for sustaining the ecological health of artificial ponds
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