Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ

Portfólio digital desenvolvido a partir da percepção do preceptor cirurgião-dentista: um estudo fenomenológico

A preceptoria é uma modalidade de ensino em serviço que forma profissionais em cenários de prática, inserindo estudantes nas vivências do cotidiano profissional. A atuação do cirurgião-dentista dentro de um hospital de emergência requer deste profissional grande precisão e destreza, e ao atuar como preceptor, essa atividade exige uma habilidade a mais na execução de suas funções. Ao receber um acadêmico de Odontologia em um serviço onde as ações são de pouca previsibilidade, o diálogo com a Universidade tem se mostrado questão necessária para a formação de profissionais mais preparados para o atendimento da população dentro do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Objetivo geral: Desenvolver um portfólio digital como instrumento de práticas assistenciais e ensino, a partir da análise dos dados obtidos na compreensão fenomenológica, mostrando a realidade do serviço sem sair do contexto apresentado em sala de aula. Objetivos específicos: Desvelar a percepção do cirurgião-dentista preceptor através do seu processo de trabalho em um hospital público do município de São Gonçalo – RJ, através das percepções explícitas em Maurice Merleau-Ponty; analisar o fenômeno a partir de suas vivências e expertises. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem metodológica qualitativa, utilizando técnicas padronizadas de coleta de dados, como questionários e observação sistemática, tendo como cenário de estudo um pronto-socorro no município de São Gonçalo/RJ. Os participantes foram cirurgiões-dentistas preceptores que atuam ou atuaram em algum momento no serviço de emergência do referido pronto-socorro. O produto dessa dissertação foi um sistema web em formato de portfólio digital, contendo as seguintes funcionalidades: inclusão, exclusão, alteração e consulta de CASO CLÍNICO, que permite descrição e discussão de casos clínicos vivenciados na prática pelos alunos. OCORRÊNCIA, que tem a função de relatar os fatos atípicos durante o plantão. PRESENÇA que controla a assiduidade dos alunos no campo de estágio e VIDEOAULAS que possibilita a atualização da equipe de preceptores quanto ao conteúdo aplicado em sala de aula aos alunos. Conclusão: Depreende-se que a melhora no planejamento do ensino acadêmico de Odontologia deve envolver não somente os conhecimentos teóricos no interior de uma Universidade, como também vivências através da prática assistencial. O portfólio digital ao proporcionar o diálogo Preceptor-Universidade pode gerar impacto na formação de profissionais de Odontologia com pensamento crítico reflexivo aptos a atuar no SUS no atendimento da população.Preceptorship is an in-service teaching modality that trains professionals in practical settings, inserting students in the daily professional experiences. The performance of the dentist within an emergency hospital requires from this professional great precision and dexterity, and when acting as a preceptor, this activity requires one more skill in the performance of his duties. When receiving a dentistry student in a service where the actions are of little predictability, the dialogue with the University has proved to be a necessary issue for the training of professionals better prepared to serve the population within the Unified Health System (SUS). General objective: To develop a digital portfolio as an instrument of care and teaching practices, based on the analysis of data obtained in the phenomenological understanding, showing the reality of the service without leaving the context presented in the classroom. Specific objectives: Unveil the perception of the preceptor dentist through his work process in a public hospital in the municipality of São Gonçalo - RJ, through the explicit perceptions in Maurice Merleau-Ponty; analyze the phenomenon from their experiences and expertise. It is a descriptive research, with a qualitative methodological approach, using standardized data collection techniques, such as questionnaires and systematic observation, with the study scenario being an emergency room in the city of São Gonçalo / RJ. The participants were preceptor dentists who work or worked at any time in the emergency department of the referred emergency room. The product of this dissertation was a web system in a digital portfolio format, containing the following functionalities: inclusion, exclusion, alteration and consultation of CLINICAL CASE, which allows description and discussion of clinical cases experienced in practice by students. OCCURRENCE, which has the function of reporting the atypical facts during the shift. PRESENCE that controls the attendance of students in the internship field and VIDEOAULAS that allows updating the team of tutors regarding the content applied in the classroom to students. Conclusion: It appears that the improvement in the planning of academic teaching in Dentistry must involve not only theoretical knowledge within a University, but also experiences through care practice. By providing the Preceptor-University dialogue, the digital portfolio can have an impact on the training of dental professionals with reflective critical thinking able to work in the SUS in serving the population.La preceptación es una modalidad de enseñanza en servicio que capacita a profesionales en entornos prácticos, insertando a los estudiantes en las experiencias profesionales diarias. El desempeño del dentista dentro de un hospital de emergencia requiere de este profesional gran precisión y destreza, y cuando actúa como un preceptor, esta actividad requiere una habilidad más en el desempeño de sus funciones. Al recibir a un estudiante de odontología en un servicio donde las acciones son poco previsibles, el diálogo con la Universidad ha demostrado ser un tema necesario para la capacitación de profesionales mejor preparados para servir a la población dentro del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Objetivo general: Desarrollar un portafolio digital como instrumento de atención y prácticas docentes, basado en el análisis de los datos obtenidos en la comprensión fenomenológica, mostrando la realidad del servicio sin abandonar el contexto presentado en el aula. Objetivos específicos: Revelar la percepción del dentista preceptor a través de su proceso de trabajo en un hospital público en la ciudad de São Gonçalo - RJ, a través de las percepciones explícitas en Maurice Merleau-Ponty; analizar el fenómeno a partir de sus experiencias y conocimientos. Este es un estudio descriptivo, con un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, que utiliza técnicas estandarizadas de recolección de datos, como cuestionarios y observación sistemática, con el entorno del estudio como una sala de emergencias en la ciudad de São Gonçalo / RJ. Los participantes eran dentistas preceptores que trabajaban o trabajaban en cualquier momento en el departamento de emergencias de la sala de emergencias referida. El producto de esta disertación fue un sistema web en un formato de portafolio digital, que contiene las siguientes funcionalidades: inclusión, exclusión, alteración y consulta de CASO CLÍNICO, que permite la descripción y discusión de casos clínicos experimentados en la práctica por los estudiantes. OCURRENCIA, que tiene la función de informar los hechos atípicos durante el turno. PRESENCIA que controla la asistencia de estudiantes en el campo de pasantías y VIDEOAULAS que permite actualizar el equipo de tutores sobre el contenido aplicado en el aula a los estudiantes. Conclusión: Parece que la mejora en la planificación de la enseñanza académica en Odontología debe involucrar no solo el conocimiento teórico dentro de una Universidad, sino también las experiencias a través de la práctica asistencial. Al proporcionar el diálogo Preceptor-Universidad, la cartera digital puede tener un impacto en la capacitación de profesionales dentales con pensamiento crítico reflexivo capaz de trabajar en el SUS para servir a la población.96 f

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora