Device-independent certification of high-dimensional quantum systems

An important problem in quantum information processing is the certification of the dimension of quantum systems without making assumptions about the devices used to prepare and measure them, that is, in a device-independent manner. A crucial question is whether such certification is experimentally feasible for high-dimensional quantum systems. Here we experimentally witness in a device-independent manner the generation of six-dimensional quantum systems encoded in the orbital angular momentum of single photons and show that the same method can be scaled, at least, up to dimension 13.Comment: REVTeX4, 5 pages, 2 figure

Current and Prospective of Breast Cancer Biomarkers

Biomarkers have shown great promise over the past decade the process of drug development more effective and have become an integral part of diagnosis of diseases. Biosensors were integrated with biomarker detection and point-of-care detection for signal amplification, high specificity and sensitivity, rapid response time, low cost, simplicity and multi-analytical testing. In order to detect more sensitively, these particular biomarkers have been explored with the possibility of real-time measurements in order to develop simple and compact systems which can analyze complex specimens. Various biosensors including electrochemical biosensors have recently been developed based on disease-specific biomarkers in the diagnosis of cancer disease. The main objective of the book chapter is to review research with new materials/methods in electrochemical biosensing techniques to detection of breast cancer biomarkers and evaluating latest techniques for detection of important analytes in real samples. In this book chapter, the recent development of electrochemical biosensors of breast cancer biomarkers will be reviewed. Furthermore, recent and future trend application of breast cancer biomarkers will be discussed

The case study of Chácara das Rosas in Cambuquira, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The paper discusses the issues present in the process of restoration of the old mansion named “Chácara das Rosas” in the city of Cambuquira, on the South of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The project is linked to the urban rehabilitation in the proposal of master plan of the city. The comprehension is that the restoration project must be included in the general urban rehabilitation. As a reference of cultural heritage the procedures to be adopted for the restoration take into account theoretical and technical criteria for their reintegration and reuse as a public build. The work is in progress with regard to the elaboration of the restoration project linked to the master plan. Participatory process is another difficulty included considering the methodologies to develop the ideas in view of criteria of restoration. The implicit discussion allows to rethink the challenges faced in the context of small cities, particularly in Brazil, to comprehend the need for conservation as a way to preserve the local identity against the globalization process at stake. The project of restoration has been set with the proposal to a new use of the “Chácara das Rosas” in the city of Cambuquira

El Sistema Pergamum en el proceso de toma de decisiones

Objetivo. Esta pesquisa, que versa sobre o sistema Pergamum como ferramenta de apoio ao processo decisório na Biblioteca Central da UFPE, objetivou avaliar como dito sistema atua no âmbito da tomada de decisão nas divisões de aquisição, processo técnico, administração e apoio ao usuário. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, de cunho exploratório, com um universo de 20 bibliotecários. Método. O método utilizado foi baseado em uma abordagem exploratória, que utilizou o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados, tratados mediante análises qualitativa e quantitativa. Resultados. Os resultados demonstraram que a maioria dos pesquisados aplica as informações do Pergamum no apoio à tomada de decisão e considera que o sistema apóia todas as fases do processo decisório, desde a identificação de problemas até a possível solução. Dentre os módulos do Pergamum utilizados para apoio às decisões, destacaram-se: a consulta, os relatórios e Internet. Os profissionais consideram a interface do software amigável, sentem-se satisfeitos, mas indicam pontos onde o sistema deve melhorar para subsidiar as atividades. Conclusões. Foi concluído que o trabalho contribui com a literatura da área, pois os sistemas de informação, enquanto suporte aos processos decisórios de uma unidade de informação, melhoram a execução das atividades, apóiam as soluções administrativas e aumentam a qualidade dos serviços prestados.Objective. This research, about the Pergamum system as a tool for helping decision process at the Central Library of UFPE, aimed to evaluate how the system operates within the decision making in acquisition, organization of information, administration and user support. It is an exploratory case study, with an universe of 20 librarians. Method. The method used was based on an exploratory approach using the questionnaire as a tool to collect data, processed by qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results. The results showed that the majority of respondents apply the information from Pergamum in supporting decision making and believe that the system supports all stages in the decision process, from the identification of problems to their possible solution. Some modules of Pergamum used to support decisions are: the search, reports and internet. The professionals consider the software interface friendly, feel satisfied, but they indicate points where the system must improve to support the activities. Conclusions. It was concluded that this research contributes to the literature of the area, as long as the information systems support the decision making processes of an information unit, improve the execution of activities, support the administrative solutions and increase the quality of services provided.Objetivo. Esta investigación trata sobre el sistema Pergamum como herramienta de apoyo al proceso de toma de decisiones en la Biblioteca Central de la UFPE; su propósito es evaluar como dicho sistema actúa en el ámbito de la toma de decisiones, en las divisiones de adquisición, proceso técnico, administración y apoyo al usuario. Se trata de un estudio de caso, de cuño exploratório, con un universo de 20 bibliotecarios.Método. El método utilizado se baso en un abordaje exploratório, que utilizó un cuestionario como instrumento de recolección de datos, tratados mediante análisis cualitativa y cuantitativa.Resultados. Los resultados demostraron que la mayoría de los investigados aplica las informaciones del Pergamum en el apoyo a la toma de decisión y considera que el sistema apoya todas las fases del proceso decisivo, desde la identificación de problemas hasta la posible solución. De entre los módulos del Pergamum utilizados para apoyo a las decisiones, se destacaron: la consulta, los informes e Internet. Los profesionales consideran la interfaz del software amigable, se sienten satisfechos, pero indican puntos donde el sistema debe mejorar para subsidiar las actividades.Conclusiones. Se concluye que el trabajo contribuye con la literatura del área, pues los sistemas de información, mientras soporte a los procesos decisivos de una unidad de información, mejoran la ejecución de las actividades, apoyan las soluciones administrativas y aumentan la calidad de los servicios prestados

Photoredox C–C Cross-Coupling Reactions using Boronic Acid Derivatives

In recent years, photoredox catalysis emerged as a privileged tool for small molecules activation via single-electron transfer mechanisms. Despite their ubiquity as reagents in organic synthesis, the use of boronic acid derivatives to generate carbon-centred radicals remains elusive. This dissertation explores the utilisation of photoredox catalysis to generate carbon radicals from boronic acid derivatives and subsequently engage them in C–C cross-coupling reactions. In the first chapter, an introduction to photoredox catalysis and organoboron reagents is provided, as well as a discussion on the key mechanistic aspects of photoredox catalysed C–C cross-coupling reactions. The second chapter presents our initial coupling strategy and how it evolved in understanding that pinacol boronic ester species can be used as a source of carbon radicals via single-electron oxidation from a photoredox catalyst. Coordination of the boronic esters with Lewis basic species was identified as a fundamental activating interaction. The synthetic utility of this discovery was highlighted by performing a wide range of photoredox catalysed arylations of pinacol boronic esters. The third chapter builds on our mechanistic understanding to identify a set of Lewis base catalysts that conveniently activates boronic esters and acids towards single-electron oxidation. The usefulness of this improved set of conditions was demonstrated by alkylating a wide range of boronic acid derivatives. The fourth chapter describes the application of this methodology in synthesising four active pharmaceutical ingredients from the GABA family. An emphasis was made on developing an efficient flow process and “transition metal free” conditions to survey the attractiveness of the method for the pharmaceutical industry. Finally, the fifth chapter describes the experimental procedures relevant to the results described in chapters 2 to 4.Novarti