The acceptability of various protein concentrate extenders in summer sausage

The idea of adding protein concentrate to sausage products to increase the nutrition and reduce cost has been one concept of considerable study and experimentation. Three kinds of protein concentrates, fish protein concentrate, meat by-product protein concentrate and textured vegetable protein, were added to summer sausages at 4 and 8 percent levels. This study was undertaken to compare these products for chemical composition, physical quality and organoleptic acceptability. From this study, significant differences were found in all the attributes, except color dominant wavelength and flavor between treatments. A significant treatment by replicate interaction was found in the measurement of moisture percentage, mechanical shear, dominant wavelength, texture and flavor in sensory evaluation which indicates a certain amount of instability in the experimental procedure. Protein concentrate supplemented sausages had a higher protein content and a lower fat content than the all-meat control sausages. The available lysine content was significantly decreased after adding textured vegetable protein over 4 percent. There was no difference in available lysine content between sausage supplemented with fish protein concentrate or meat protein concentrate and the all-meat control sausages. More shear force was required to shear the sausages which were supplemented with meat protein concentrate or fish protein concentrate than the controls or textured vegetable protein supplemented sausages. There was no difference in shear measurement between all-meat control sausages and textured vegetable protein supplemented sausages. There was no significant difference in dominant wavelength measurement among treatments. The greater the amount of protein concentrate added to sausages, the darker the color. In determining panel acceptance, sausages which contained 8 percent levels of fish protein concentrate, meat protein concentrate and textured vegetable protein, were scored less desirable in texture and appearance than sausages with 4 percent level. Sausages containing 8 percent level of meat protein concentrate and fish protein concentrate had higher scores than the all-meat controls and were less desirable in appearance and texture. The only sausages that were scored more acceptable in texture than the all-meat control sausages were those containing the 4 percent levels of fish protein concentrate and textured vegetable protein

Concert recording 2017-01-28

[Track 1]. Syrinx / Claude Debussy -- [Tracks 2-3]. Sonata, Op. 29 / Robert Muczynski -- [Tracks 4-8]. Sonata for alto saxophone and piano / Carter Pann -- [Tracks 9-11]. Trio for piano, oboe and bassoon / Francis Poulenc arranged by Lulloff [and] Troiano

A survey of Chinese herbal ingredients with liver protection activities

A literature survey was conducted on herbs, their preparations and ingredients with reported liver protection activities, in which a total of 274 different species and hundreds of active ingredients have been examined. These ingredients can be roughly classified into two categories according to their activities: (1) the main ingredients, such as silybin, osthole, coumarin, glycyrrhizin, saikosaponin A, schisandrin A, flavonoids; and (2) supporting substances, such as sugars, amino acids, resins, tannins and volatile oil. Among them, some active ingredients have hepatoprotective activities (e.g. anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, immunomodulating and liver cirrhosis-regulating effects). Calculation of physicochemical parameters indicates that the main ingredients with negative and positive Elumo values possibly display their hepatoprotective effects through different mechanisms, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects. As the combination of herbs may achieve some treatment effects synergistically and/or additively, it is common in Chinese medicine to use mixtures of various medicinal herbs with pharmacologically active compounds to have synergistic and/or additive effects, or to reduce harmful effects of some pharmacologically active compounds. In particular, the active compounds with Clog P around 2 are suitable for passive transport across membranes and accessible to the target sites. Thus, Elumo and Clog P values are good indicators among the calculated parameters

Discussion on study of knowledge creation, innovation ability and organizational performance for high-tech industries in Taiwan

Taiwan's high-tech industry face intense global competitive environment, strengthening the capacity of its own through the creation of high-quality organizational performance has been the key focus of many studies. This study investigated the creation of knowledge and organizational performance. Information and communication, and electronic products within the high-tech knowledge-intensive industries were selected for this study. The overall effect is concerned, is not knowledge creation, innovation and organizational performance individually influence means that high-tech industries, organizations. Whether knowledge creation, innovation and organizational performance influence means that high-tech industries, organizations to enhance business performance created by knowledge began its maximum effectiveness

Intergenerational Transmission of Functional Connectivity Profiles in Isolated Reading and Math Networks: A Scoping Review and Study Proposal

The scoping review surveyed the existing literature on the topic of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and mathematical cognition. The review revealed that rsFC is indicative of distinct long-term developmental trends in mathematical processing, alluding to individual differences in math abilities. Though there have been multiple studies that investigate individual differences in functional connectivity patterns related to math development and math learning disorders, no study has directly investigated to what degree these neurobiological factors are heritable. To address this topic, the following intergenerational transmission (IT) study is proposed. IT is the transfer of personal values, abilities, behaviours, and traits, from parents to children (Durlauf & Blume, 2016). A recent study conducted by Takagi et al. (2021) investigated the effects of IT via neurobiological substrates. The investigation was primarily concerned with whether identification of a parent-child dyad was possible based on brain similarity, using both structural and functional information. Using a similar method as Takagi et al., we plan to use data from the Parents and Children: Measuring Academic skills using Neuroimaging (PACMAN) project to investigate whether parent-child dyads are identifiable based on brain similarity - specifically using the reading- and math-related networks. Similar to the Takagi et al. (2021) study, we predict that parent-child dyads will be identifiable based on functional connectivity profiles localized in reading- and math-related brain networks

Elevating Baseline Activation Does Not Facilitate Reading of Unattended Words

Previous studies have disagreed the extent to which people extract meaning from words presented outside the focus of spatial attention. The present study, examined a possible explanation for such discrepancies, inspired by attenuation theory: unattended words can be read more automatically when they have a high baseline level of activation (e.g., due to frequent repetition or due to being expected in a given context). We presented a brief prime word in lowercase, followed by a target word in uppercase. Participants indicated whether the target word belonged to a particular category (e.g., "sport"). When we drew attention to the prime word using a visual cue, the prime produced substantial priming effects on target responses (i.e., faster responses when the prime and target words were identical or from the same category than when they belonged to different categories). When prime words were not attended, however, they produced no priming effects. This finding replicated even when there were only 4 words, each repeated 160 times during the experiment. Even with a very high baseline level of activation, it appears that very little word processing is possible without spatial attention

Preclinical and clinical examinations of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its tanshinones in ischemic conditions

Salvia miltiorrhiza (Labiatae, Laminaceae), danshen, is an annual sage mainly found in China and neighboring countries. The crude drug (dried root) and its preparations are currently used in China to treat patients suffering from heart attack, angina pectoris, stroke and some other conditions. The use of S. miltiorrhiza has been increasing in the management of stroke. Pharmacological examinations showed that the plant and its active ingredients, tanshinones and salvianolic acids, have anticoagulant, vasodilatory, increased blood flow, anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, mitochondrial protective and other activities. This review discusses the pharmacology, medicinal chemistry and clinical studies published, especially in China, for danshen and tanshinone preparations. Clinical examinations are evaluated in terms of S. miltiorrhiza preparation, dose, double blinding, control, clinical assessments of outcomes and other parameters. Meta-analyses of S. miltiorrhiza are also discussed

A Search for High-Energy Counterparts to Fast Radio Bursts

We report on a search for high-energy counterparts to fast radio bursts (FRBs) with the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory Burst Alert Telescope (BAT). We find no significant associations for any of the 23 FRBs in our sample, but report upper limits to the high-energy fluence for each on timescales of 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 s. We report lower limits on the ratio of the radio to high-energy fluence, $\frac{f_{r}}{f_{\gamma}}$, for timescales of 0.1 and 100 s. We discuss the implications of our non-detections on various proposed progenitor models for FRBs, including analogs of giant pulses from the Crab pulsar and hyperflares from magnetars. This work demonstrates the utility of analyses of high-energy data for FRBs in tracking down the nature of these elusive sources