A novel process-linked assembly failure model for adhesively bonded composite structures

The globally growing market for polymer composites and their increasing use within aircraft structures has necessitated reliable bonding of composite laminates to prevent structural failure. However, knowledge behind the interaction between curing process parameters and the failure of polymer composite bonded joints is not keeping pace with the market. A novel nonlinear correlation analysis has been employed and applied to experimental data, to attentively quantify the effect of curing parameters on the failure of bonded composite assemblies. The materials (adherends and adhesive) and the bonding processes were selected from those used in assembly of composite aircraft structures

New Greek Inscriptions in UK Collections Part II: Four New Greek Inscriptions at the British Museum

Four new inscriptions, including the first attestation of the Latin word negotiator in Gree

Transforming composite design by use of structural health monitoring

Commercial composite aerospace structure is required to be designed and managed under the damage tolerant principle. Airworthiness is maintained through a process of regulated inspections and if required maintenance. Currently inspections use visual and assisted visual (non-destructive inspection - NDI) techniques. Damage tolerant operation is therefore reliant on inspectability. Unlike metal structure composite and adhesively bonded structure may show few if any recognisable indicators prior to rapid failure, either visually or using NDI. Although stringent manufacturing processes are demanded to best ensure components are fit for service strategies such as reducing stresses by oversizing components or in the case of bonded features additional mechanical fasteners may be included to allow operation with this potential structural uncertainty. Structural Heath Monitoring (SHM) uses data from in-situ sensors to assess the condition of the structure. If via SHM any uncertainty associated with difficult to inspect components could be eliminated less reliance would be required of additional structure or features allowing lighter and more efficient structure to be viable with no impact on current airworthiness demands. Despite much previous research no SHM system is in use with in-service composite or bonded aerospace components. When operating a structure under Damage-tolerance operational requirements damage must be positively identified to allow repairs to be made whist ensuring appropriate airworthiness demands are maintained. Such demands must also be met by structure inspected using SHM. Unlike previous studies this research combines the process of structural design and in-situ monitoring to address the issues identified. Termed SHM enabled design this approach allows the implementation of monitoring technology and the potential for benefits including the reduced reliance on inefficient additional structure to be viably included in actual structure ... [cont.]

Peering beneath the Canadian crust

This work was funded by Leverhume Trust research project grant RPG-2013- 332. Equipment was provided by the NERC’s GEF, SEIS-UK: Loan 986. Many thanks to residents of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick for allowing us to install seismometers on their land, and for their interest and hospitality: Ben and Elizabeth Pooley, Calvin and Mary Fraser, Kirk Munn, Mary Guptill and Delbé Comeau, Simeon Comeau, George Klass, Greg McHone and the Grand Manan Museum, Heiner and Alison Josenhans, Bev and Ian Cameron, Maurice Mazerolle, Russell and Debbie Parrott. Thanks to Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, especially to Mladen Nedimovic, Darlene van de Rijt and Anne Bannon for logistical assistance.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Anisotropic colloids through non-trivial buckling

We present a study on buckling of colloidal particles, including experimental, theoretical and numerical developments. Oil-filled thin shells prepared by emulsion templating show buckling in mixtures of water and ethanol, due to dissolution of the core in the external medium. This leads to conformations with a single depression, either axisymmetric or polygonal depending on the geometrical features of the shells. These conformations could be theoretically and/or numerically reproduced in a model of homogeneous spherical thin shells with bending and stretching elasticity, submitted to an isotropic external pressure.Comment: submitted to EPJ

Attic inscriptions in UK Collections 8 : Broomhall.

Gamma Tau Sigma House circa 1950\u27s. Rear view of the house.https://digitalcommons.cortland.edu/greek_images/1217/thumbnail.jp

New Names, Status and Family Sentiment in Multi-ethnic Cappadocia: Greek Inscriptions from the Museum of Malatya

This article offers an edition of 19 Greek inscriptions from the Museum of Malatya (ancient Melitene, Cappadocia), among them 13 previously-unpublished texts including two new metrical inscriptions. With the exception of the one in the Appendix, these texts are funerary, should be dated to the period c. 150-250/300 AD, and take the form of family members dedicating funerary monuments in commemoration of deceased relatives. They offer significant insight into naming habits in this part of inland Asia Minor at the time of the Roman empire, not least in the use of Greek and Roman conventions including double-names and short names; among the inscriptions are several names otherwise not firmly attested in otherwise-published inscriptions (Amate, Anophthenes, Atios, Mazoubine, Taurophilos). A plague or illness is attested in one inscription. The funerary formulae of these inscriptions offer insight into the use of traditional Greek acclamations and also the translation into Greek of the Latin habit of dedicating funerary monuments to the Household Gods. The physical aspects of the stelai, featuring pedimental decorations, acroteria and inscribed texts, and sometimes objets de toilette, echo Greek traditions in commemoration but also constitute a recognisably local style. Aspects of the human bust portraits on a number of the monuments resemble those known elsewhere in inland Asia Minor. The metrical aspect of two of the inscriptions demonstrates a further level of artistry and engagement with a long Greek epitaphic tradition and indicates an aspirational literary ostentation. Overall, they illustrate the mingling of Greek, Roman and other cultures in a region influenced by the presence of the 12th Roman Legion; in particular they enunciate the signi cance of funerary display across the cultural spectrum and demonstrate the power of private funerary monuments to express family ties in Cappadocia at a time of Roman power. Summary for Turkish Readers Türkçe Özet:Birden Çok Etnik Unsur Barındıran Antik Kappadokia Bölgesinde Yeni İsimler, Mevkiler ve Ailevi Duyarlılık: Malatya Müzesi’nden Antik Yunanca Yazıtlar Malatya Arkeoloji Müzesi’ndeki Antik Yunanca yazıtlar, ilgili Müze Müdürlüğü’nün 3 Haziran 2021 tarih ve E-28262782-806.01.03-1429753 sayılı izinleri ile çalışılmış ve bu makale kapsamında yayınlanmıştır. Müze’deki gerekli belgeleme işlemi Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi’nden Arkeolog Alev Çetingöz tarafından Ağustos 2021 tarihinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu makalede toplam 18 adet Yunanca yazıtlı taş eser takdim edilmektedir. Makalede önce, Müze’de teşhirde olan ve daha önce yayını yapılmış Antik Yu- nanca yazıtlı beş adet mezar steli tanıtıldıktan sonra, daha önce yayını yapılmayan 13 adet yazıt tanıtılmıştır. Yazıtların 17 adeti İ.S. 2.-3. yy. arasına, yani Roma Dönemi’ne, biri ise İ.S. 5.-6. yy.’a aittir. Makalede tanıtılan eserlerin içeriği sırası ile şöyledir: a. Daha önce yayınları yapılmış yazıtlar: i- Helene tarafından kocası için yaptırılan mezartaşı, ii- Anneleri Na için oğullarının yaptırttıkları mezartaşı, iii- Kyrilla tarafından annesi Priska için yaptırılan mezar yazıtı fragmanı, iv- Proklos tarafından Mikke için yaptırılan mezartaşı, v- Protogenes tarafından karısı Euphratia için yaptırılan mezartaşı ile vi- Mazoubine tarafından kocası Antonius Valens ve annesi Ma için yaptırılan mezartaşı. b. Daha önce yayınlanmamış yazıtlar: 1- Aribas tarafından babası ve kız kardeşi Kyrille için yaptırılan mezartaşı, 2- Loukios tarafından karısı Gemella için yaptırılan mezartaşı, 3- Yeraltı tanrılarına adanan mezartaşı, 4- Aouillios (Avillius) tarafından kızkardeşi Amate için yaptırılan mezartaşı, 5- Klaudios Amiantos tarafından karısı Iphigeneia ve kendisi için yaptırılan mezartaşı, 6- Antipas tarafından kız kardeşi Glaphyra için yaptırılan şiir vezinli mezartaşı, 7- Taurophilos tarafından karısı Ame (Nea) için yaptırılan mezartaşı, 8- Kyrillos tarafından annesi Alia Stratoneike için yaptırılan şiir vezinli mezartaşı, 9- Roustikos ve Iasonis tarafından oğulları Roustikos için yaptırılan mezartaşı, 10- Axios tarafından karısı için yaptırılan mezartaşı, 11- Apollonios ve Athenion tarafından Nikias için yaptırılan mezartaşı ile 12- Anakon ve Proklos adları geçen yazıt. Makalenin sonunda ise üzerinde Hristiyan azizi Theodoros’un adının geçtiği Erken Bizans Dönemi’ne ait bir taş eser tanıtılmaktadır

A von Bertalanffy Based Model for the Estimation of Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Growth on Restored Oyster Reefs in Chesapeake Bay

A model to estimate the mean monthly growth of Crassostrea virginica oysters in Chesapeake Bay was developed. This model is based on the classic von Bertalanffy growth function, however the growth constant is changed every monthly timestep in response to short term changes in temperature and salinity. Using a dynamically varying growth constant allows the model to capture seasonal oscillations in growth, and growth responses to changing environmental conditions that previous applications of the von Bertalanffy model do not capture. This model is further expanded to include an estimation of Perkinsus marinus impacts on growth rates as well as estimations of ecosystem services provided by a restored oyster bar over time. The model was validated by comparing growth estimates from the model to oyster shell height observations from a variety of restoration sites in the upper Chesapeake Bay. Without using the P. marinus impact on growth, the model consistently overestimates mean oyster growth. However, when P. marinus effects are included in the model, the model estimates match the observed mean shell height closely for at least the first 3 years of growth. The estimates of ecosystem services suggested by this model imply that even with high levels of mortality on an oyster reef, the ecosystem services provided by that reef can still be maintained by growth for several years. Because larger oyster filter more water than smaller ones, larger oysters contribute more to the filtration and nutrient removal ecosystem services of the reef. Therefore a reef with an abundance of larger oysters will provide better filtration and nutrient removal. This implies that if an oyster restoration project is trying to improve water quality through oyster filtration, it is important to maintain the larger older oysters on the reef