Determinates of Savings and Economic Growth in Poland in Comparison to the OECD Countries

Authors investigate interactions between the rate of economic growth and the saving rate in Poland in the 1990s. Tendencies observed in the Polish economy are related to the long term trends of growth and saving in a number of OECD countries. A simulation of possible development paths of the Polish economy is conducted using results of the estimation of the saving function for the OECD countries in the period 1971-1994. The model implies that, if the factors determining the rate of saving and the rate of growth were the same as those in the OECD countries during the last 25 years, the rate of saving in Poland would be higher by 5 percentage points and would equal 22 percent. Moreover, assuming the medium term rate of growth of 5-7 percent, a reduction of the budget deficit and the current account deficit, would result in a rise in the saving rate up to the level of 25-27 percent of GDP. Savings of households would rise by 2-3 percentage points to the level of 12 percent of GDP. The long term rate of growth would either be lowered down to 4 percent or raised up to 8 percent depending on the extent of utilisation of externalities and increasing returns from the employment of the human capital and technological change.economic growth, Poland, OECD

Does a change of occupation lead to higher earnings?

The aim of this paper is to identify how the mobility between different types of broadly defined occupation (hired work, self-employment in industry, services and agriculture or social security beneficiaries) changes personal income of individuals. We apply the Markov matrices to the panel data on 30540 individuals for 2007-2008 from the Polish Household Budget Surveys. Our hypothesis is that a change of occupation affects individual capability to earn income, controlling for the occupation a person quits and the occupation a person starts, as well as age, education level and a permanent or temporary character of work. We test our hypothesis using the regression analysis. Our results show that the inter-occupational mobility matters mostly for those quitting hired work for self-employment, for the better educated, as well as for respondents above 60 years of age.income, earning, mobility, occupation, hired work, self-employment

Earning and saving competences of individuals in a local community in Poland

The aim of this paper is to identify variables that affect the capability of an individual to earn and save income. Our hypothesis is that besides demographic and human capital determinants, social, cultural and psychological variables affect strongly the individual’s earning and saving competences. We test our hypothesis using a method of decision tree (Exhaustive search Chi – squared Automatic Interaction Detection) to identify the earning and saving competences of individuals in Poland. In the decision tree analysis we found factors that are conducive for earning and saving. These factors includes: fairness, attitude towards cheating at exams, tolerance towards persons of different religion and different skin color, trust in judges and scientists, social risk aversion, evaluating own health status, asking for advice. This theoretical approach is applied to micro data from a Survey on Civilization Competences of individuals in local communities conducted in July-September 2009 in five regions of Poland.earning, saving, capability, competence, income, municipality

Cockpit instruments for four-seater sport and leisure aircraft

Tato práce zahrnuje ucelený přehled současných čtyřmístných sportovních a turistických letounů se zaměřením na jejich přístrojové vybavení. Uveden je také popis vybraných glass kokpitů. Součástí je také návrh uspořádání přístrojové desky, která je navrhnuta s ohledem na příslušné předpisy a standartní uspořádání existujících letadel. Přehled příslušných předpisů, nezbytných pro printalaci těchto systémů, je také součástí práce. Na konci této práce je vypracována analýza způsobů a důsledků poruchových stavů (FMEA) společně s výpočtem pravděpodobnosti poruchového stavu pro ktitické funkce.This master thesis includes a comprehensive review of four-seater sport and leisure aircraft with focus on their cockpit instruments. The description of the selected glass cockpits is listed. Thesis also includes design of instrument panel, which is designed according to the relevant regulations and standard configuration of existing aircrafts. There is also a brief overview of the regulations necessary for the installation of these systems in the aircrafts. At the end of the this work is failure mode and effects analysis, with calculation of probability malfunction for critical functions.

Increase of Car Driving Safety by Driver Automatic Monitoring

Import 05/08/2014Tato práce se zabývá analýzou závislostí mezi bioimpedancí řidiče během jízdy a různými vlivy, které mohou negativně ovlivnit bezpečnost při řízení automobilu, a návrhem algoritmu možného zařízení sledujícího zjištěné veličiny spojené s bioimpedancí řidiče. Data určená k analýze byla naměřena pomocí zkušební desky s integrovaným obvodem AD5933 od firmy Analog Devices, ke které byl vytvořen software v prostředí LabView, a elektrodami umístěnými na volantu vozidla. Měření byla provedena na řidičích různého věku, v různé denní době a v různých stupních provozu. Naměřená data byla analyzována a statisticky zhodnocena a byly určeny veličiny, které na základě měření s určitou pravděpodobností ovlivňují měřenou bioimpedanci řidiče. Ze závěru analýzy byl pak sestaven obecný algoritmus možného zařízení využívajícího monitorování bioimpedance řidiče.This thesis deals with analysis of dependencies between driver’s bioimpedance during driving and various influences that may negatively affect safety during driving, and algorithm design of possible device which monitors observed variables associated with the driver’s bioimpedance. Data intended for analysis was measured by using the test board with the integrated circuit AD5933 from Analog Devices, to which was created software in LabView environment, and electrodes mounted on the steering wheel of the vehicle. The measurements were performed on drivers of different ages, at different daytimes and in different traffic levels. The measured data was analyzed and statistically evaluated and were determined variables that on the basis of measurements with a certain probability affect the measured drivers bioimpedance. After the analysis, was compiled a general algorithm of possible device using bioimpedance monitoring of driver.450 - Katedra kybernetiky a biomedicínského inženýrstvívýborn

How do we value our income from which we save?

In this paper we analyze the relationship between the perception of income as satisfying household needs and saving rate of this household. Using the multinomial logit regression function we measure the probability of a household to fall into one of the groups categorized by the subjective perception of income in relation to the current household disposable income. The variable specified for the valuation of income is income perception, defined as a class of observed disposable income located on the scale of the subjectively satisfying income. Factors determining the perception of income are: gender and education of the household head, family characteristics, source of income and place of residence. The analysis of relations between the income perception and the household saving rates shows that the perception of income affects both the household observed and predicted saving rates. The research is based on the Household Budget Surveys data for Poland in 2008.household, income, needs, valuation, saving, probability

Concentrations and Latitudinal Variations of PBDEs in First Nation Peoples of the James Bay Region

Concerns regarding the persistence, bioaccumulation, long-range transport, and adverse health effects of polybrominated dipheyl ethers (PBDEs) have recently come to light. PBDEs are quickly becoming a ubiquitous pollutant and have been found globally in sediment, aquatic mammals, fish, bird eggs, human milk, serum, and adipose tissue. Due to their persistence and lipophilicity, PBDEs may biomagnify through the food chain and could pose a danger to those who consume these contaminated animals. Many First Nation communities in the James Bay region rely in part on a subsistence diet; therefore, these communities have the potential to carry high levels of PBDEs. Additionally, PBDEs have been shown to be preferentially deposited in the sub-Arctic, making this contaminant of particular interest to the James Bay region of northern Ontario and Quebec, Canada. By analyzing PBDE body burden (plasma), this contaminant was characterized with regards to its latitudinal variation and concentration. The study established a baseline PBDE level in the communities of the James Bay region and determined concentrations in the traditional foods of the First Nation communities located in the Mushkegowuk Territory of sub-Arctic Canada, to examine potential routes of exposure. The PBDE body burden was found to be low in the Mushkegowuk communities when compared to more northern communities in Canada. Similarly, PBDE body burden in the US and southern Canada is higher than those of the James Bay region. The body burdens of the James Bay Cree are similar to Japanese and Swedish levels. Analysis of traditional foods shows relatively elevated levels of PBDEs in certain game species such as whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos), and moose (Alces alces) compared to other traditional foods from the same area. Data in this thesis can be used for human biomonitoring purposes and the animal data can be combined with consumption data in order to assess the contribution of PBDEs to body burden from a First Nation diet as well as provide guidance when developing safety guidelines for the consumption of traditional foods. While the sub-arctic has been identified as an environmental sink for PBDEs, the levels found in this study indicate that long-range transportation and dietary biomagnification of the contaminant may not be the primary exposure pathway. This may be due to low bioavailability of the contaminant, rapid metabolism, or alternate sources of exposure and should be investigated in future studies