Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire

The main objective of this study was the validation of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EVS II), using a confirmatory factorial analysis of the measurement model, with veteran athletes. A total of 348 veteran Portuguese athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 60 years (M = 41.64, SD = 9.83), of whom 200 were males and 148 were females, from several sports. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis demonstrate the adequacy of the adapted version of the EVS II, as the factorial structure (6 factors/24 items) has acceptable validity indexes: χ2 = 305.925, p = 0.000, df = 120.017, χ2/df = 2.549, NFI (Normed Fit Index) = 0.909, TLI (Tucker Lewis Index) = 0.918, CFI (Comparative Fit Index) = 0.944, GFI (Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.944, AGFI (Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.909, SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.048, RMSEA (Root Mean Square of Approximation) = 0.060, allowing evaluation of the dimensions of balanced diet, respect for mealtime, tobacco and alcohol consumption, other drugs consumption and resting habits. The adaptation to sport of the Portuguese version of EVS II can be used with reasonable confidence in the evaluation of healthy lifestyles in the context of sportinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Validity and Reliability of the Portuguese Version of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire—EVS III

The main objective of this study was to validate the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire—EVS III, using confirmatory factor analysis of the measurement model. A total of 822 Portuguese individuals of both genders, aged between 18 and 66 years old (M = 28.43 SD = 12.07), participated in this study, of which 382 were male (46.5%) and 440 were female (53.5%). The main results obtained revealed that the psychometric qualities prove the adequacy of the factor structure of the Healthy Lifestyles Questionnaire—EVS III (7 factors/32 items) and that it has acceptable validity indices: χ2 = 644.6828, p = 0.000, df = 168, χ2 = 3.84, NFI = 0.901, TLI = 0.902, CFI = 0.921, IFI = 0.922, MFI = 0.900, GFI = 0.909, AGFI = 0.901, RMR = 0.073, SRMR = 0.059 and RMSEA = 0.059, enabling the assessment of factors related to a balanced diet, respect for mealtimes, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, consumption of other drugs, resting habits and physical activity habits. The Portuguese version of the Healthy Lifestyles Questionnaire—EVS III can be used with reasonable confidence for the assessment of healthy lifestyles.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Monitorización de las cargas de entrenamiento en corredores de fondo y medio fondo de alto nivel

El principal objetivo del entrenamiento consiste en mejorar el rendimiento y, por ende, reducir lesiones. Para ello, la monitorización de dicha carga (interna, externa y su relación) se ha constatado como vital. Sin embargo, muchos entrenadores siguen sin controlar (o etéreamente) las cargas en sus deportistas, pues, además, no existe un sistema etiquetado como el ideal. Consecuentemente, teniendo en cuenta el contexto y lo que la literatura dice al respecto, se realizó una propuesta personal con corredores de resistencia de alto nivel, contabilizando, en cuanto a carga externa, volumen mediante los kilómetros recorridos semanalmente, intensidad mediante la velocidad de carrera con zonas de entrenamiento en función del perfil individual de lactato, y frecuencia registrando el número de entrenamientos y de los contenidos trabajados. Respecto al estrés interno, la Escala de Esfuerzo Percibido y la medición de la altura del salto vertical con contramovimiento, en pos de determinar la fatiga neuromuscular subaguda. Los resultados mostraron relación significativa en la mayoría de variables, haciendo que el objetivo e hipótesis que perseguía la intervención se cumplan en mayor o menor medida, por lo que el sistema de monitorización escogido y/o los diferentes ítems que lo componen podrían ser válidos para su utilización en otros contextos.The main objective of training is to improve performance and, therefore, reduce injuries. For that reason, the monitoring of this load (internal, external and their relationship) has been verified as vital. However, many trainers still do not control (or ethereally) the loads on their athletes. In addition, there is not system labeled as the ideal. Consequently, taking into account the context and what the literature says about it, a personal research was made with high-level resistance runners, accounting, in terms of external load, volume through the kilometers traveled weekly, intensity through the running speed with training zones depending on the individual lactate profile, and frequency recording the number of training sessions and the contents worked. Regarding internal stress, the Rating of Perceived Exertion and a measurement of countermovement jump height, in order to determine subacute neuromuscular fatigue. The results showed a significant relationship in most variables, making the objective and hypothesis of the intervention have been met to a greater or lesser extent, so that the chosen monitoring system and / or the different items that comprise it could be valid for its use in other contexts.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Alternative sports and students with intellectual functional diversity, didactic experience of four sessions

Es evidente lo beneficioso que resulta la práctica deportiva en alumnos con diversidad funcional intelectual. La propuesta se desarrolló a través de cuatro sesiones de deportes alternativos de una hora de duración con cada grupo, en las que ha destacado el grado de participación de estos, la motivación hacia estos deportes a priori desconocidos para ellos y su capacidad de reflexión en las paradas de reflexión-acción y las asambleas. El objetivo fue determinar si dicha experiencia ofreció aspectos positivos en nuestro alumnado, para ello se utilizó la Escala de Disfrute con la Actividad Física o «Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale» (PACES), aplicada a las sesiones de deportes alternativos. Podemos concluir que las cuatro sesiones de deportes alternativos han sido una experiencia positiva para los alumnos, donde la mayoría ha disfrutado de la práctica además de aprender nuevos conceptos. Parece necesario la puesta en práctica de este tipo de actividades dentro del contexto escolar, ya que favorece el desarrollo integral del alumnado, especialmente las capacidades relacionales (dialogar, discutir y ponerse de acuerdo a través de las paradas de reflexión y las asambleas) y emocionales (autonomía y autoestimaIt is evident how beneficial the practice of sports in students with intellectual functional diversity. The proposal was developed through four sessions of alternative sports of an hour of duration with each group, in which it has emphasized the degree of participation of these, the motivation towards these sports a priori unknown to them and their capacity for reflection in the actionstops and the assemblies. The objective was to determine if this experience offered positive aspects in our students, this was done using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), applied to alternative sports sessions. We can conclude that the four sessions of alternative sports have been a positive experience for the students, where the majority have enjoyed the practice in addition to learning new concepts. It seems necessary to implement this type of activities within the school context, since it favors the integral development of students, especially relational skills (dialogue, discussion and agreement through reflection stops and assemblies) and emotional (autonomy and self-esteem

Análisis del golpeo y la preparación psicológica para retornar a la práctica en futbolistas tras una lesión isquiosural

Las lesiones de la musculatura isquiosural son las más comunes en fútbol, y pueden presentar efectos residuales que cambien el patrón de un gesto técnico. El presente estudio analizó las diferencias en la técnica de golpeo entre jugadores anteriormente lesionados y jugadores no lesionados, así como las correlaciones entre la capacidad psicológica para retornar a la práctica y las características del gesto. Tres futbolistas que habían padecido una lesión de isquiosurales conformaron el grupo de jugadores anteriormente lesionados, y tres futbolistas que no habían padecido ninguna lesión en el miembro inferior en los últimos dos años, formaron el grupo de jugadores no lesionados. Se analizaron los gestos de golpeo a balón parado y de golpeo en carrera a través del programa Kinovea. Asimismo, se evaluó la capacidad psicológica para retornar a la práctica mediante el Injury Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport (I-PRRS). Únicamente la velocidad del balón en el golpeo en carrera presentó diferencias significativas entre grupos (p<0,05). Además, se obtuvieron correlaciones positivas entre la preparación psicológica para retornar y la flexión de rodilla en el golpeo en carrera, y entre la flexión de rodilla en el golpeo a balón parado y los ítems 3 y 4 del I-PRRS. Asimismo, se hallaron correlaciones negativas entre la extensión de cadera en el golpeo a balón parado y el ítem 6 del I-PRRS. Los resultados permiten concluir que variables cinemáticas y variables psicológicas se encuentran interrelacionadas tras una lesión en la musculatura isquiosural.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Predictive Model for Amotivation and Discipline in Physical Education Students Based on Teaching–Learning Styles

One of the purposes of teachers is to ensure the motivation of the students in their classes and to maintain disciplined behaviours. However, the teaching styles and methodologies used do not always have a positive effect on student’s motivation and discipline. This study analysed the relationship between student’s perceptions of the controlling behaviours of their physical education teacher, together with amotivation and discipline styles from Self-Determination Theory. The sample comprised 922 students, aged between 14 and 18 years (M = 14.95; SD = 0.98). Students’ perceptions of less controlling discipline styles (control of the use of rewards) negatively predicted the thwarting of autonomy need. Conversely, a more controlling discipline style (judging and devaluing) positively predicted the thwarting of autonomy need, and this, positively predicted amotivation, which nega- tively predicted disciplinary behaviours and positively predicted undisciplined behaviours. Teachers must avoid using controlling behaviours like judging and devaluing, as this reinforces amotivation towards physical education and undisciplined student behaviours. The importance of designing classes where the student has responsibilities to make decisions and to be part of their own learning is pointed out.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Self-determined motivation and life satisfaction in portuguese veterans athletes

The aims of this work were to determine correlations and predictive variables, between the levels of motivation, basic psychological needs and life satisfaction of Portuguese veteran athletes. The sample consisted in 684 Portuguese veteran athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 90 years (M = 43.78 DP = 8.61), competitors of various modalities. As instruments we used the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ), the Basic Psychological Needs Scale Exercise (BPNES), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Positives and Negatives Affections Scale (PANAS). It was applied the bivariate Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the veteran athletes present a good selfdetermination for the sport practice, being their welfare levels in life satisfaction related to the same self-determination, but rather dependent on the affections produced by sports. This study is presented as a contribution to understanding the role of sport in promoting wellness in veteran sports population.El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las correlaciones y variables predictivas entre los niveles de motivación, las necesidades psicológicas básicas y la satisfacción con la vida de atletas veteranos portugueses. La muestra se compuso de 684 atletas veteranos portugueses de ambos géneros, con edades comprendidas entre los 30 y los 90 años (M = 43.78; DP = 8.61),, competidores de varias modalidades. Los instrumentos utilizados fueran el Cuestionario de la Regulación Conductual en el Deporte (BRSQ), la Escala de Satisfacción de Necesidades Psicológicas Básicas (BPNES), la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS) y la Escala de Afectos Positivos y Negativos (PANAS). Se aplicó la prueba de correlación bivariada de Pearson y una regresión lineal múltiple.Los resultados mostraron una motivación autodeterminada de los atletas veteranos hacia la práctica deportiva, estando sus niveles de bienestar en la satisfacción con la vida relacionados con esta motivación autodeterminada, aunque también depende de los afectos producidos por la práctica deportiva. Este estudio supone una contribución hacia la comprensión de la función del deporte en la promoción del bienestar en la población de deportistas veteranos.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Adaptation and validation of the portuguese version of the healthy life styles questionnaire

The aim of this study was the adaptation and validation of Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EVS), of Jimenez Castuera (2004) adapted of Wold (1995), using an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the measurement model, with a sample of sports veterans. In the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis part 684 Portuguese veteran athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 90 years (M=43.78 SD=8.61), of which 547 male subjects and 137 subjects were female, which are competitors of various sports. The main results showed that the psychometric qualities of both the exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis, proved the adequacy of adaptation performed, demonstrating that the factor structure (Adaptation to Sports Questionnaire EVS: 3 factors/20 items) It has quite acceptable levels of validity (?2 = 172.117, df=41, p = .000, ?2/g.l. = 4.190, CFI = .966, IFI = .966, MFI = .909, GFI = .955, AGFI = .927, RMR = .049, SRMR = .043, RMSEA = .068), with reasonable levels of internal consistency of the three primary factors (eating habits =.80; tobacco consumption =.91; resting habits =.84). This led us to conclude that the adaptation to the Sports of the Portuguese version of the EVS can be used with high confidence in the assessment of healthy lifestyles in the sports context.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Relationship between elements and score in floor exercise, in Artistic Gymnastic, in the Beijing 2008 Olympics Games

En la Gimnasia Artística, el rendimiento viene determinado por la ejecución de una serie de movimientos con base en un modelo establecido y recogido en el Código de Puntuación. Con base en esto, el objetivo de nuestro trabajo es determinar si el número y nivel de dificultades que componen el total de diagonales realizadas en un ejercicio de suelo predice e influye de manera positiva en la puntuación final del gimnasta. Para ello se realiza un estudio descriptivo con una metodología observacional, en el cual se analizan 16 ejercicios de suelo de los 16 gimnastas clasificados para la final individual de suelo de Gimnasia Artística Femenina y Masculina en los Juegos Olímpicos de Pekín 2008. Los resultados concluyen que el número de dificultades que componen el total de diagonales realizadas en un ejercicio de suelo no predice ni influye de manera positiva en la puntuación final del gimnasta. Los resultados muestran también que el nivel de dificultad tampoco predice ni influye de manera positiva en la puntuación final del gimnasta, excepto en el caso del Nivel E.In Artistic Gymnastics, the performance is determined by the execution of a series of movements based on a model established and gathered in the Code of Punctuation Therefore, the aim of this research is to study if the number and level of difficulty composing all diagonals executed in floor exercise predicts and influences in a positive way the final punctuation of the gymnast. For this, a descriptive study was conducted with an observation method, in which 16 floor exercises of 16 gymnasts qualified for the individual final of floor were analyzed in Artistic Gymnastics in the Olympic Games of Peking 2008. The study conclude that the number of difficulties composing all diagonals executed in a floor exercise neither predicts nor influences in a positive way the final score of the gymnast. The results shows that the difficulty level does not predict either nor influences in a positive way the final score of the gymnast, except in case of the Level E.peerReviewe

Anthropometric and physical differences of the gymnasts from the talent identification program of the artistic and rhythmic specialties

The aim of our research was to describe the physical and anthropometric characteristics of 25 gymnasts from the talent identification program of the Extremeña Gymnastics Federation. Subjects were classified according to their specialty: women‘s artistic gymnastic (WAG) and rhythmic gymnastics (RG). The dependent variables include body fat percentage through an electronic scale column with stadiometer (SECA 220cm); body circumferences through a plicometer (Holtain); body diameters and specific tests of flexibility through a tape (CM 3m); a heart rate through Ruffier test and a heart rate monitor (Polar F6); isometric strength of lower extremities through a load cell (SSMAJ 5000N); and jumping ability through a contact mat (Lafayette CVP A73). The results concluded that the WAG group got the best results in flexibility tests (p<.05). Also, the RG group had lower body fat percentage and greater SJ jump ability (r=-.774; p<.01) and CMJ (r=-.600; p<.05). However, the WAG group showed a negative relation between body mass index and flexibility (p<.01). We conclude that there are differences in body composition and physical tests between the specialties/styles of women’s artistic gymnastics and female rhythmic gymnastics; we also found relationships between the performance of such tests and anthropometric variables