Measurement of displacements in steel arch bridge

Measurement of deformations are applied in artificial structures such as dams, tunnels, bridges, and large scale buildings, in which big threats can be caused by deformations, and in landslide regions. The structures that are subjected to huge loadings and vibrations and that are not laid on a strong ground are exposed to a continuous change. It is very important to prevent big hazards with a continuous observation of these changes by using various measurement methods and with analyzing the scales of these changes by using various analysis techniques. In this study a steel arch bridge, designed by the Civil Engineering students at Firat University and entitled to participate in "Design and Construct" competition by Bogazici University in 2010, was used. The purpose of this study is to determine the behavior of the steel arch bridge under external load by using finite element methods and comparators. The results obtained from different measurement methods are agreed in terms of detecting displacements

Measurement of Mid-span Deflections by using Digital Image Processing

Nowadays, several measurement techniques and devices have been developed to measure the deformations on structural members, such as gages, low voltage displacement transducers (LVDT), strain gages and acoustic emissions (AE). With the recent developments, the photography is now in use of science to measure the deformations via the Digital Image Processing (DIP). This research aimed to determine and compare the mid-span deflections of wooden beams that are subjected to three-point bending load. The mid-span deflections of wooden frames are collected via the comparators and DIP. The behavior of the wooden beam is also compared with numerical results generated by using finite element method (FEM). It is observed that the DIP is considerable while measuring the deformations of structural members. Keywords: digital image processing, wooden beam, three point bending load, mid-span deflection, FE

Heavy metal contamination of Pleuronectiformes species from Sinop coasts of the Black Sea

In the Turkish Black Sea coasts fish is particularly consumed because of high protein supplies, essential amino acids, vitamin, and mineral content. Fish are exposed to contaminants such as heavy metals in polluted waters. The aims of the study are to determine heavy metals in Pleuronectiformes species from Sinop coasts of the Black Sea and determine the health risks due to the consumption of contaminated fish. Pleuronectiformes species Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) belonging to Scophthalmidae family, Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum, 1792) belonging to Bothidae family and Pegusa lascaris (Risso, 1810) belonging to Soleidae family were collected from Sinop coasts of the Black Sea in fishing season of 2016. Heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn) in edible tissues were determined by ICP-MS (Agilent 7700x). The limit values given by the international and national organizations did not exceed in the muscle tissues of turbot, Mediterranean scald fish and sand sole. Overall Zn was detected in higher concentrations in all species followed by Cu, Pb, Hg and Cd. The results obtained from the analyses of the maximum levels of the metals except Hg were found in turbot. The highest Hg (0.021±0.007 µg g-1 wet wt.) was found in sand sole. However, the high amounts of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn in turbot were 0.011±0.004, 0.07±0.005,1.32±0.28 and 14±3 µg g-1 wet wt., respectively. The EDIs and EWIs of the metals were estimated taking into account the mean of metal in all fish samples and the mean consumption of fish per day/week for adults. These results are normally significantly lower than the recommended values of FAO/WHO. Estimated HIs of all the considered metals were below the value of 1, therefore the metals in fish samples do not toxic any apparent threat to the population and these fishes are healthy for consumption.Keywords: Scophthalmus maximus, Arnoglossus laterna, Pegusa lascaris, heavy metals, Black Se

Musculoskeletal ultrasound in pediatric rheumatology

Although musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) has emerged as an indispensible tool among physicians involved in musculoskeletal medicine in the last two decades, only recently has it become more attractive to pediatric rheumatologists. Thereafter, the use of MSUS in pediatric rheumatology has started to increase. Yet, an evergrowing body of literature shows parity and even superiority of MSUS when compared to physical examination and other imaging modalities. MSUS is suitable for examination of children of all ages and it has certain advantages over other imaging modalities; as it is cheaper, mobile, instantly accessible bedside, easy to combine with clinical assessment (interactivity) and non-invasive. It does not require sedation, which facilitates repetitive examinations. Assessment of multiple locations is possible during the same session. Agitation is rarely a problem and small children can be seated in their parents\u27 lap or they can even play while being examined. © 2011 Tok et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Musculoskeletal ultrasound in pediatric rheumatology

Although musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) has emerged as an indispensible tool among physicians involved in musculoskeletal medicine in the last two decades, only recently has it become more attractive to pediatric rheumatologists. Thereafter, the use of MSUS in pediatric rheumatology has started to increase. Yet, an ever-growing body of literature shows parity and even superiority of MSUS when compared to physical examination and other imaging modalities

EVALUATION OF CROP ALBEDO OF DIFFERENT SUNFLOWER CROP ROTATION CULTIVARS AND ITS EFFECT ON LATENT HEAT FLUX

Surface albedo is expressed as the fraction of incoming shortwave solar radiation reflected by the surface. Surface albedo is one of the primary factors influencing regional and global climates as well as ecological and biophysical processes especially in the study of water and energy fluxes of ecosystems. In these research areas, accurate determination of net radiation plays a vital role for determination of the fluxes. In this study, it is aimed to establish the crop albedo values of three sunflower cultivars in the northwestern part of Turkey where sunflower production is represented as country’s production. It can be seen that crop albedo values are related to the crop and meteorological factors like crop phenology, soil moisture etc. Crop albedo also varies by each cultivars of sunflower. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) albedo values and in-situ measurements were compared within this study. In the light of this perspective, albedo is considerably sensitive parameter and has influence on the latent heat flux. Also, comparison between calculated latent heat flux from MODIS data and in-situ measurements were investigated

Momotaro Masalı Örnekleminde Japon Kültüründe Kolektif Bilinçdışı Unsurlar

Halk edebiyatı üretimlerinden olan anonim türler, kültürel kodları nesilden nesile aktararak dilin ve edebiyatın temellerini şekillendirmiştir. Anonim türlerden biri olarak değer gören masal ise hem işlevleri bakımından hem de aktarıcısı olduğu değerler bakımından diğer edebi türlerden ayrılmaktadır. Günümüzde masalların çözümlenmesi için uygulanan yöntemlerden birisi de Carl Gustav Jung’un “kolektif bilinçdışı” kuramıdır. Jung bahsettiğimiz kültürel kodları ve insanlığın ruhsal birikimlerini; “arketip” adını verdiği kavramlar üzerinden açıklamaya çalışmıştır. Bu çalışmada da Japon kültüründe önemli bir yere sahip olan Momotaro adlı masaldaki arketipler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Tespit edilen arketipler Joseph Campbell’in “Kahramanın Sonsuz Yolculuğu” adlı eserinde yer verdiği; monomit kavramı çerçevesinde tasnif edilmiştir

MODELLING THE ADAPTATION CAPABILITIES OF SUNFLOWER AND WINTER WHEAT TO CROP ROTATION AND POSSIBLE CLIMATIC CHANGE IN THRACE

In agriculture, most changes in atmospheric conditions are uncontrolled factors caused by climate change or variability that could have effects on different sectors. Globally, major important sector is agriculture by means of supplying food on Earth. Determination of the positive and negative effects of climate change to make provision for possible future conditions could be executed using CropClimate models. Developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the AquaCrop is an explanatory Crop-Climate model, which could be used to analyze such relationships between climate change and food productivity. In this research, variations in the growth and yield parameters associated with rotation between the sunflower and winter wheat were investigated using AquaCrop between the periods of 2014 and 2016 in Kırklareli and Edirne cities which have specific climates and soil types in the Thrace Region. Moreover, main yield-related outputs of the model will been validated after model AquaCrop will simulate sunflower and winter wheat crop rotation until 2099 for Thrace Region to expand our future perspective

Giant germ cell tumor with mediastinal localization: A report of two cases

Germ celled tumors frequently localize in anterior mediastinum.In this study we presented two germ cell tumors with different localization and huge size. We discussed two cases with germ cell tumors operated in our clinic togetherwith literature findings. Chest x-ray, computerized tomography (CT) and transthorasic tru-cut biopsy were used for diagnosis. The huge intratorasic teratomas are rarely seen and surgical full resection is the most importantfactor in survival