Coupling isothermal and adiabatic mode experiments for kinetic constants estimation

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Structural and chemical changes during ion beam synthesis of Fe nanoclusters on silicon nitride

F - Conference Proceeding

Solvent effect on the kinetics of the hydrogenation of n-butyl levulinate to \u3b3-valerolactone

The use of lignocellulosic biomass in the chemical industry can significantly contribute to respect the various international agreements on climate change. One of the most promising platform molecules issued from the lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysis is \u3b3-valerolactone (GVL). GVL can be upgraded to valuable chemicals and produced by the hydrogenation of alkyl levulinates. Although these reactions are widely studied, seldom research focused on the solvent effect. To fill this gap, the effect of three different reaction mixtures with an excess of butyl levulinate (BL), of butanol and GVL was studied on the kinetics of BL hydrogenation to GVL over Ru/C. PC-SAFT (Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory) shows that the solubility of hydrogen is not constant during the reaction progress, and it was taken into account. To allow a fair comparison, kinetic models were developed using Bayesian statistics for each reaction mixture. The best performances were obtained when the reaction mixture has an excess of GVL

Towards Production of γ-valerolactone via Hydrogenation of Aqueous Levulinic Acid

International audienceSynthesis of GVL (γ-valerolactone) via hydrogenation of aqueous LA (levulinic acid) with H2 over heterogeneous catalyst (Ru/C) was investigated. In the first part, a study of the influence of various operating conditions was conducted including that of temperature (90–180°C), stirring rate (500–1200 rpm), catalyst loading (0.1–2.0 g), hydrogen pressure (0.4–2.8 MPa) and initial LA concentration (0.5–2 M). In the second part, influence of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) on hydrogenation rate and GVL yield were investigated. Hydrogenation of aqueous LA under scCO2 and under N2 atmosphere was carried out in batch reactor at 150°C and was compared with the case when no additional gases were present. The result indicated that the use of scCO2 had no beneficial effect neither in terms of LA conversion nor hydrogenation rate when the amount of hydrogen was relatively low compared to the stoichiometry. This effect was mitigated when more hydrogen was present

Cooling configuration effect on the thermal risk of tubular reactor

Maximum temperature of reactant mixture is an important parameter regarding reactor safety. If the control of reaction temperature is lost, then side or decomposition reactions may be triggered leading to thermal runaway situation. This study concerns a liquid phase reaction system. This paper explores the influence of parameters on the thermal safety of a pilot tubular reactor. The following parameters were studied: the inlet temperature of the coolant, the volumetric flow rate, and the co-current flow and the counter-current flow configurations. The aim was to identify the main parameters that control the reaction temperature in the presence of a fast exothermic reaction system. The results showed that co-current configuration allows to control the maximum temperature. By changing the configuration, the cooling power can be reduced compared to a change in the inlet temperature of the coolant. A criterion of stability has been implicated in order to confirm this result