Spin-dependent structure functions g^1\hat g_1 and g^2\hat g_2 for inclusive spin-half baryon production in electron-positron annihilation

Two spin-dependent structure functions $\hat g_1$ and $\hat g_2$ for the inclusive spin-half baryon production in electron-positron annihilation are studied in the context of QCD factorization as well as in the naive quark parton model. As a result, it is found that the sum of $\hat g_1$ and $\hat g_2$ is related to $\hat h_1$ and $\hat g_T$, two quark fragmentation functions defined by Jaffe and Ji. In connection with the measurement of quark fragmentation functions, the possible phenomenological consequences are discussed.Comment: RevTex, four Ps figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Master crossover functions for the one-component fluid "subclass"

Introducing three well-defined dimensionless numbers, we establish the link between the scale dilatation method able to estimate master (i.e. unique) singular behaviors of the one-component fluid "subclass" and the universal crossover functions recently estimated [Garrabos and Bervillier, Phys. Rev. E 74, 021113 (2006)] from the bounded results of the massive renormalization scheme applied to the..

Paradigmatic structure in speech production

The main goal of the present study is to trace the consequences of local and global markedness for the processing of singular and plural nouns. Decompositional models such as proposed by (Pinker (1997); Pinker (1999)) and (Levelt et al. (1999)) predict a lexeme frequency effect and no effects of the frequencies of the singular and the plural forms. Experiments 1 and 4 reveal the expected lexeme frequency effect. Furthermore, in these experiments there are no clear independent effects of the frequencies of the inflected forms. However, the effects of Entropy and Relative Entropy that emerge from these experiments show that in production knowledge of the probabilities of the individual inflected forms do play a role, albeit indirectly. These entropy effects bear witness to the importance of paradigmatic organization of inflected forms in the mental lexicon, both at the level of individual lexemes (Entropy) and at the general level of the class of nouns (Relative Entropy)

Models linking production and comprehension

To what extent are linguistic representations shared between production and comprehension? What is the nature of the links between production and comprehension processes? In this chapter, we provide an introduction to those models that incorporate explicit assumptions about the degree of sharing and review some supporting evidence. We show that full sharing of representations is uncontroversial only for semantics and syntax, while there is mixed evidence over the degree of overlapping at the level of phonological and phonetic representations. We then propose a taxonomy of production‐comprehension links, ranging from long‐term to fast‐acting. To conclude, we advocate more explicit theorizing about the relationship between language production and language comprehension

Ontology in Coq for a Guided Message Composition

International audienceNatural language generation is based on messages that represent meanings , and goals that are the usual starting points for communicate. How to help people to provide this conceptual input or, in other words, how to communicate thoughts to the computer? In order to express something, one needs to have something to express as an idea, a thought or a concept. The question is how to represent this. In 2009, Michael Zock, Paul Sabatier and Line Jakubiec-Jamet suggested the building of a resource composed of a linguistically motivated ontology, a dictionary and a graph generator. The ontology guides the user to choose among a set of concepts (or words) to build the message from; the dictionary provides knowledge of how to link the chosen elements to yield a message (compositional rules); the graph generator displays the output in visual form (message graph representing the user's input). While the goal of the ontology is to generate (or analyse) sentences and to guide message composition (what to say), the graph's function is to show at an intermediate level the result of the encoding process. The Illico system already proposes a way to help a user for generating (or analyzing) sentences and guiding their composition. Another system, the Drill Tutor, is an exercise generator whose goal is to help people to become fluent in a foreign language. It helps people (users have to make choices from the interface in order to build their messages) to produce a sentence expressing a message from an idea (or a concept) to its linguistic realization (or a correct sentence given in a foreign language). These two systems led us to consider the representation of the conceptual information into a symbolic language; this representation is encoded in a logic system in order to automatically check conceptual well-formedness of messages. This logic system is the Coq system used here only for its high level language. Coq is based on a typed λ-calculus. It is used for analysing conceptual input interpreted as types and also for specifying general definitions representing messages. These definitions are typed and they will be instanciated for type-checking the conceptual well-formedness of messages. 2 Line Jakubiec-Jame

Sources of variation in developmental language disorders: evidence from eye-tracking studies of sentence production

Skilled sentence production involves distinct stages of message conceptualization (deciding what to talk about) and message formulation (deciding how to talk about it). Eye-movement paradigms provide a mechanism for observing how speakers accomplish these aspects of production in real time. These methods have recently been applied to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and specific language impairment (LI) in an effort to reveal qualitative differences between groups in sentence production processes. Findings support a multiple-deficit account in which language production is influenced not only by lexical and syntactic constraints, but also by variation in attention control, inhibition and social competence. Thus, children with ASD are especially vulnerable to atypical patterns of visual inspection and verbal utterance. The potential to influence attentional focus and prime appropriate language structures are considered as a mechanism for facilitating language adaptation and learning