“There Is Something Unique … about the Government Funding of the Arts for First Amendment Purposes”: An Institutional Approach to Granting Government Entities Free Speech Rights

The common understanding of the First Amendment is that its purpose is primarily libertarian, serving to protect private citizens\u27 expression from government censorship. In the modern era, however, the government\u27s pervasive presence-especially in the role of funder of private activity-has blurred the lines between governmental and private speech. Further, the relatively new, increasingly influential government speech doctrine-which dictates that the government will not be subjected to First Amendment scrutiny when it is engaging in communication-has been the Supreme Court\u27s guidepost of late when the Court has been confronted with a case involving expression with both private and public elements. The government speech doctrine as currently applied by the Court is a relatively blunt instrument, one which does not distinguish between different levels of government or the varied purposes of government activity. The overwhelming weight of First Amendment doctrine, however, suggests that the application of the Free Speech Clause should be case-specific, with each type of government regulation receiving a level of scrutiny appropriately tailored to thespecific type of speech with which it deals and the context in which that speech operates. This Note argues that the Court should adopt a similarly contextual approach when choosing how and whether to apply the government speech doctrine. Specifically, it posits that when a government organization is charged with a task that heavily implicates the First Amendment rights of private parties-such as arts funding-and Congress has purposefully given it a measure of independence to allow it to fulfill that role in a neutral manner, the Court should afford that organization\u27s selection activities protection under the Free Speech Clause, rather than treating them as government speech. This approach would allow independent organizations responsible for promoting activities clearly protected by the First Amendment-like creative writing, journalism, and the visual arts-todefend their merit-based selection decisions against partisan political influence, instead of conflating the two levels of decisionmaking into one broad category of government speech. Though this approach ostensibly goes against the libertarian aims of the First Amendment, this Note seeks to demonstrate that giving independent-minded government organizations free speech rights on an institutional basis actually comports more closely with the theory, history, and doctrine of the First Amendment than does the current government speech doctrine

Righting words

"Revised 7/82/2M"This is a guide to help correct common grammar errors.Barbara Cooper and Phil Leslie, illustrations by Doug Ross ; Extension Informatio

A scoping review to establish the relationship of community to the lives of looked after children and young people

Friendship networks and relationships with communities are important parts of the lives of looked after children and young people (LACYP). Much of legislation, policy, practice and research focuses on „the care experience‟ itself, as distinct from young people‟s everyday lives and their connectivity with wider environments. Considerable lack of understanding remains about what being „in care‟ means. This often results in prejudice and stigma. Groups set up specifically for LACYP offer opportunities to develop networks and relationships with adults and young people, and to raise awarenesses. Transitions may happen early and be experienced frequently by LACYP, however, they can offer new opportunities and positive relationships with different people. Meaningful participation in communities such as schools is an important factor in developing stability in relationships. Concepts of participation and empowerment form part of an ecological framework which locates the community context as central to building resilience for LACYP. What constitutes community cohesion and connectedness for LACYP requires a fine balance between the interests of protection and participation. Successful interconnectedness is a matter of shared concern for all. The key challenge remains that of identifying how stable community relationships for LACYP may be strengthened and supported to dynamic mutual benefit. These documents are outputs from the same project: 1) an end of project discussion paper; 2) an extended version of the discussion paper; and 3) four short guides for practice and polic

The effect of the recession on the quality of working life of UK managers: an empirical study

This paper explores the effect of the post-2007 recession on UK managers using a unique data set derived from the Quality of Working Life Project. This project has been running since 1997 in partnership with UK's Chartered Management Institute. the paper compares a wide range of measures from surveys run in 2007 (immediately before the "credit crunch") and in 2012 as the UK was slowly emerging from the recession. Data from the surveys are used to examine the extent, pace and nature or organisational change, to assess the effect of changing patterns of work on their physical and psychological well-being and their working hours. the paper reveals that the effect of change has overwhelmingly been seen as negative with declining levels of job satisfaction, work intensification and growing levels of ill health

The Hatrack In The Hall

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/5688/thumbnail.jp

Early jump-out corner detectors

We present two new corner detectors; one works by using dissimilarity along the contour direction to detect curves in the image contour and the other estimates image curvature along the contour direction. These operators are fast, robust to noise, and require no subjective thresholding

The Quest for New Approaches in Myocarditis and Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy

Myocarditis is a diverse group of heart-specific immune processes classified by clinical and histopathological manifestations. Up to 40% of dilated cardiomyopathy is associated with inflammation or viral infection. Recent experimental studies revealed complex regulatory roles for several microribonucleic acids and T-cell and macrophage subtypes. Although the prevalence of myocarditis remained stable between 1990 and 2013 at about 22 per 100,000 people, overall mortality from cardiomyopathy and myocarditis has decreased since 2005. The diagnostic and prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance has increased with new, higher-sensitivity sequences. Positron emission tomography has emerged as a useful tool for diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis. The sensitivity of endomyocardial biopsy may be increased, especially in suspected sarcoidosis, by the use of electrogram guidance to target regions of abnormal signal. Investigational treatments on the basis of mechanistic advances are entering clinical trials. Revised management recommendations regarding athletic participation after acute myocarditis have heightened the importance of early diagnosis. (C) 2016 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.Peer reviewe