« Ce cœur de silence étouffant ses cris »

La part des artistes féminines dans la collection d’art contemporain du Musée national de l’histoire de l’immigration est importante au regard de la jeunesse de ce musée. Originaires des quatre coins du monde, ces artistes traitent des déplacements migratoires et de la mémoire des migrations comme autant de géographies intimes qui déploient, par-delà l’exil, des territoires intérieurs

Pathways commonly dysregulated in mouse and human obese adipose tissue: FAT/CD36 modulates differentiation and lipogenesis

Obesity is linked to adipose tissue hypertrophy (increased adipocyte cell size) and hyperplasia (increased cell number). Comparative analyses of gene datasets allowed us to identify 1426 genes which may represent common adipose phenotype in humans and mice. Among them we identified several adipocyte-specific genes dysregulated in obese adipose tissue, involved in either fatty acid storage (acyl CoA synthase ACSL1, hormone-sensitive lipase LIPE, aquaporin 7 AQP7, perilipin PLIN) or cell adhesion (fibronectin FN1, collagens COL1A1, COL1A3, metalloprotein MMP9, or both (scavenger receptor FAT/CD36). Using real-time analysis of cell surface occupancy on xCELLigence system we developed a new method to study lipid uptake and differentiation of mouse 3T3L1 fibroblasts and human adipose stem cells. Both processes are regulated by insulin and fatty acids such as oleic acid. We showed that fatty acid addition to culture media increased the differentiation rate and was required for full differentiation into unilocular adipocytes. Significant activation of lipogenesis, i.e. lipid accumulation, by either insulin or oleic acid was monitored in times ranging from 1 to 24 h, depending on differentiation state, whereas significant effects on adipogenesis, i.e., surperimposed lipid accumulation and gene transcriptional regulations were measured after 3 to 4 d. Combination of selected times for analysis of lipid contents, cell counts, size fractionations, and gene transcriptional regulations showed that FAT/CD36 specific inhibitor AP5258 significantly increased cell survival of oleic acid-treated mouse and human adipocytes, and partially restored the transcriptional response to oleic acid in the presence of insulin through JNK pathway. Taken together, these data open new perspectives to study the molecular mechanisms commonly dysregulated in mouse and human obesity at the level of lipogenesis linked to hypertrophy and adipogenesis linked to hyperplasia

Poly(ε-caprolactone)s hétérotéléchéliques difluorophosphonylées pour le greffage sur des nanoparticules magnétiques d'oxyde de fer

International audienc

De quelques usages pédagogiques des sciences de l'éducation

Etévé Christiane, Binsse Thérèse, Brouaux Emmanuelle, Bourgeois Yvette, Douieb El Attafi Abdellatif, Dooms Chantal, Duchan Francis, Dupire Marc, Drumetz Jean-Claude, Hannebique Anne, Leroy Jean-Pierre, Macou Madeleine, Moreau Marc, Cognet Sylviane, Vanhecke-Dugez M., Lequeux Claudine, Denorme Eliane, Kurek Léo, Pouillard Catherine, Houdi Elgah Naziha, Hedoux Jacques. De quelques usages pédagogiques des sciences de l'éducation. In: Revue française de pédagogie, volume 79, 1987. pp. 105-111

Femmes engagées

Le rôle des femmes immigrées dans les mouvements sociaux des sociétés où elles vivent en exil émerge comme nouveau domaine de recherches. L’engagement de ces femmes s’affirme sur tous les fronts. Ce numéro analyse la chronologie de leurs mobilisations depuis les années 1970, à la suite d’un travail de politisation des enjeux rattachés à leurs réalités migratoires et montre comment les luttes des jeunes générations font des identités multiples le terrain de leur émancipation

Recommandations sur la mesure de la pression artérielle. Consensus d’experts de la Société française d’hypertension artérielle, filiale de la Société française de cardiologie

International audienceSince 2016, the French Society of Hypertension has warned about the decline in the management of high blood pressure in France: stagnation, or even decreased number of people who know their blood pressure level, take a treatment and are controlled. These results are lower than those observed in many other countries. Blood pressure is measured with an old method in the doctor's office. Accepted, simple and cost-effective, this method is currently unavoidable for reasons of feasibility and social habit. It has been used in observational and intervention studies that are the basis of the medical reasoning for screening, treatment and drug control of hypertension. In practice, it is too often poorly applied and unpredictable. It is now necessary to measure blood pressure in mmHg using a validated oscillometric automatic device coupled to a specific upper arm cuff adapted to the arm circumferences for the diagnosis and monitoring of high blood pressure in the doctor's office and at home. The auscultatoric measurement is only recommended if any doubt about the reliability of the electronic measurement. Blood pressure measurement is basically performed on both arms to detect asymmetry and then on the arm with the highest blood pressure. It is performed in sitting or lying position after a few minutes of rest without speaking and without having smoked and then in standing position to diagnose orthostatic hypotension, especially in elderly, diabetic and multi-medicated subjects. The blood pressure measurement during the consultation must be repeated and include at least 3 consecutive measurements at one minute intervals. The average of the last 2 measurements determines the blood pressure level. It is recommended to perform BP measurements outside the medical environment for the diagnosis and monitoring of hypertension; Home BP measurement is preferred to ambulatory blood pressure measurement for practical reasons unless otherwise specified. The home blood pressure measurement should include three measurements in the morning at breakfast and three measurements in the evening before bedtime at one minute intervals for at least three days. Prior training must be provided. In treated hypertensive patients, a masked hypertension should be considered as an uncontrolled hypertension and antihypertensive therapy adapted accordingly. The measurement of central BP pressure (aorta) should be limited to clinical research