Bill C-36: The Creation of Canada's 2001 Anti-Terrorism Act

Bien que les attentats du 11 septembre 2001 aient pris place aux États-Unis, la réaction du gouvernement canadien a été de proposer la Loi C-36 (la Loi anti-terroriste), une loi qui apporte plusieurs changements au Code criminel canadien et modifie d'autres lois. L´adoption de cette loi s'est faite dans un temps record. Afin de mieux comprendre cette rapidité (du 11 septembre à sa sanction royale en 99 jours) et de mieux cerner la relation avec un événement survenu à l´étranger, ce mémoire cherche à expliquer les facteurs internes et externes qui ont influencé le moment choisi et le contenu de la loi.Though the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001, took place on foreign soil, the Canadian government reacted to this event by proposing Bill C-36 (the Anti-terrorism Act), an omnibus bill outlining multiple changes to the existing Canadian Criminal Code and other acts. With an aim to better understand this anomaly of Canadian public policy in both its record speed (from 9/11 to its Royal Assent in 99 days) and its relation to a foreign catastrophe, this thesis seeks to explore both the internal and external factors that influenced the timing and the content of Bill C-36

Explicit computation of the electrostatic energy for an elliptical charged disc.

International audienceThis letter describes a method for obtaining an explicit expression for the electrostatic energy of a charged elliptical infinitely thin disc. The charge distribution is assumed to be polynomial. Such explicit values for this energy are fundamental for assessing the accuracy of boundary element codes. The main tools used are an extension of Copson's method and a diagonalization, given by Leppington and Levine, of the single-layer potential operator associated with the electrostatic potential created by a distribution of charges on the elliptical disc

Design, development and implementation of a mobile learning strategy for undergraduate medical education

This paper describes the process of introducing a mobile learning strategy into a medical school by issuing iPads to clinical students. Data was collected from focus groups, surveys and by engaging a number of student “iPad champions”. Students had a positive attitude and experience with the iPads for learning and highlighted some areas for improvement particularly for electronic sign-off. Introduction of mobile technology into medical education is proving to be popular with medical students. Early adoption of mobile technology brings medical students closer to the digital healthcare environment which is rapidly adopting the use of electronic health records, electronic xray and laboratory order and online evidence-based practice tools to support patient care

Acoustic transmission properties of pressurised and pre-stressed composite structures

this work was focused on the examination of the effect of the pre-stress, namely tension and pressure, on the wave propagation and acoustic behaviour of composite laminates. The dispersion characteristics of two dimensional layered and sandwich structures were predicted using Wave Finite Element Method (WFEM). The structures were examined in non-stressed and pre-stressed scenarios. After extracting the mass and stiffness matrix of a small periodic segment of the structure using commercially available Finite Elements software, a polynomial eigenvalue problem was formed, the solutions of which consisted of the propagation constants of the waves of the structure. This way the wavenumbers and eigenvectors of the out of plane structural displacements were extracted. These wave propagation magnitudes were then used to calculate important Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) quantities, such as modal density and radiation efficiency. The effect of pre-stress on these quantities, along with its effect on loss factor of the structure were examined

Computing the broadband vibroacoustic response of arbitrarily thick layered panels by a wave finite element approach

A robust procedure for the prediction of the dynamic response of layered panels within a SEA wave-context approach is proposed hereby. The dispersion characteristics of two dimensional composite orthotropic structures are predicted using a Wave Finite Element method. By manipulating the mass and stiffness matrices of the modelled structural segment a polynomial eigenvalue problem is formed, the solutions of which correspond to the propagation constants of the waves travelling within the structure. The wavenumbers and group velocities for waves comprising out of plane structural displacements can then be calculated. Using the numerically extracted wave propagation data the most important SEA quantities of the structure, namely the modal density and the radiation efficiency of each wave type are calculated. The vibroacoustic response of the structure under a broadband diffused excitation is then computed within a SEA approach. The impact of the symmetric and the antisymmetric vibrational motion of the panel on its sound transmission loss is exhibited and the approach proves robust enough for thin as well as for thick layered structures

The baffle influence on sound radiation characteristics of a plate

The acoustic radiation characteristics of the baffle plates and unbaffle plates are calculated and compared by single-layer potential and double-layer potential. Based on the boundary integral equation, the sound pressure integral equation of the baffle and the baffle are deduced respectively. According to the boundary compatibility condition, the sound pressure and the vibration velocity of the plates are obtained. Further, the dynamic equation of the structure is substituted into the vibration equation in the form of the baffle plate and the baffle plate. The sound pressure difference and the displacement of a plate surface are in the form of the vibration mode superposition and the acoustic radiation impedance of the double integral form is obtained, which determines vibration mode coefficient and sound radiation parameters. The effect of the baffle on the acoustic radiation characteristics of the thin plate is analyzed by comparing the acoustic radiation parameters with the simple and simple rectangular plate in water