Ellen Leppa

Ellen Leppa, certified with the American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences and the School Nutrition Association, served as Education and Training Specialist and Coordinator of On-Site Services at the National Food Service Management Institute on the campus of the University of Mississippi until her retirement in 2008. As coordinator Ellen worked with both State Departments of Education and conference planners of School Nutrition Associations throughout the country to provide trainers for preconference classes, general sessions, educational sessions, workshops and seminars on a large variety of topics. Some of the topics include Developing a Food Safety Program, Emergency Readiness, Biosecurity Guidelines, Personnel Management, Financial Management, MyPyramid, Nutrition 101 and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005. She was the project coordinator for the Building Human Resource Management Skills training tool for food service managers, the Financial Management Course for School Food Service Directors and the development/publication of Mealtime Memo, a fact sheet for child care providers. Ellen has worked in Child Nutrition Programs for over 40 years both at school district and State levels.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/icn_ohistories/1054/thumbnail.jp

Risk factors and outcomes for patients with follicular lymphoma who had histologic transformation after response to first-line immunochemotherapy in the PRIMA trial

Purpose: To study the outcome of histologic transformation (HT) in a large prospective cohort of patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) who previously responded to immunochemotherapy. Patients and Methods: After a median 6-year follow-up of 1,018 randomly assigned patients from the PRIMA trial, disease progression was observed in 463 patients, 194 of whom had histologic documentation. Results: Forty patients had histology consistent with HT, and 154 had untransformed FL (median time to recurrence, 9.6 v 22.8 months, respectively; P = .018). Thirty-seven percent of biopsies performed during the first year of follow-up showed HT corresponding to 58% of all HTs. Altered performance status, anemia, high lactate dehydrogenase level, "B" symptoms, histologic grade 3a, and high Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index scores at diagnosis were identified as HT risk factors. Response (complete v partial) to immunochemotherapy or rituximabmaintenance had no impact on the risk of HT. After salvage treatment, patients with HT had less frequent complete response (50.3% v 67.4%; P = .03) and more disease progression (28.2% v 9.6%; P < .001) than patients without HT. Estimated overall survival for the patientswith HTwas poorer (median, 3.8 v 6.4 years; hazard ratio, 3.9; 95% CI, 2.2 to 6.9). Autologous stem cell transplantation improved the outcomes of patientswith HT (median overall survival, not reached v 1.7 years) but not of patients with persistent FL histology. Conclusion: HT in patients with FL who previously responded to immunochemotherapy is an early event associated with a poor outcome that may deserve intensive salvage with autologous stem cell transplantation. These data emphasize the necessity for biopsy at the first recurrence of FL

DYNAMICS OF KIDS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPENDS ON GROWING METHOD

У практиці молочного козівництва на сьогодні є три основні способи вирощування молодняку: козенят утримують разом з матками до 3–4-місячного віку, потім віднімають, а маток починають доїти; роздільно-контактний, коли козу доять одразу після окоту, при цьому частину молока не видоюють, а залишають козенятам, яких вирощують під нею; козенят після народження віднімають від матерів і штучно вирощують.Таким чином, наші дослідження спрямовані на встановлення оптимального способу вирощування козенят, які б в конкретних природно-кліматичних умовах відзначались добрими показниками росту і розвитку.Дослідження включали визначення вагового росту молодняку.Оцінка динаміки живої маси піддослідного молодняку показала, що протягом дослідного періоду перевага за показниками живої маси була на боці козенят 3-ої дослідної групи, які вирощувалися методом штучного випоювання. Найменшу інтенсивність росту мали тварини контрольної групи, які вирощувалися на підсосі. Проміжне місце займали козенята 2-ої дослідної групи, які вирощувалися контактно-роздільним способом.У наших дослідженнях ранг розподілу тварин за величиною середньодобових та абсолютних приростів і відносної швидкості росту між досліджуваними групами був аналогічний показникам живої маси.Проведені дослідження показали, що на ріст і розвиток козенят суттєво впливає спосіб їхнього вирощування.В практике молочного козоводства на сегодня существуют три основные способа выращивания молодняка: козлят содержат вместе с матками до 3–4-месячного возраста, затем отнимают, а маток начинают доить; - раздельно-контактный, когда козу доят сразу после окота, при этом часть молока не выдаивают, а оставляют козлятам, которых выращивают под ней; козлят после рождения отнимают от матерей и искусственно выращивают.Таким образом, наши исследования направлены на установление оптимального способа выращивания козлят, которые в конкретных природно-климатических условиях отличались бы хорошими показателями роста и развития.Исследования включали определение весового роста молодняка.Оценка динамики живой массы подопытного молодняка показала, что в течение опыта преимущество по показателям живой массы было на стороне козлят 3-й опытной группы, которые выращивались методом искусственной выпойки. Наименьшую интенсивность роста имели животные контрольной группы, которые выращивались на подсосе. Промежуточное место занимали козлята второй опытной группы, которые выращивались контактно-раздельным способом.В наших исследованиях ранг распределения животных по величине среднесуточных, абсолютных приростов и относительной скорости роста живой массы между исследуемыми группами был аналогичный показателям живой массы.Проведенные исследования показали, что на рост и развитие козлят существенно влияет способ их выращивания.There have been three methods of young animal growing in milky goat husbandry.Kids are kept with dams from 3-4 months age, then they are weaned and dams are milked. Contact-divide method defines dams milking after kidding and the part of milk remains for kids; kids are weaned after birth and are grown artificially.Investigation results tended to optimal method of kids growing would differ in concrete climatic conditions by good growth and development indices which have been presented in the article.Weight growth of young animals has been also included.Assessment of dynamics as for live weight in experimental animals prevailed by indices during tested period over the third group which has been grown with artificial feeding. Animals of controlled group grown in suckling conditions showed the lowest growth intensity. Kids of the second group have been grown in a contact-divided way and occupied the intermediate position.The range of animal division as for the daily, absolute, relative gains and growth rate between experimental groups has been analogical to the live weight indices.Conducted researches showed the influence of growth and development on the way of growing

Recombinant IFN-α2a-NGR exhibits higher inhibitory function on tumor neovessels formation compared with IFN-α2a in vivo and in vitro

Purpose We compared the efficacy of ofatumumab (O) versus rituximab (R) in combination with cisplatin, cytarabine, and dexamethasone (DHAP) salvage treatment, followed by autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Patients and Methods Patients with CD201 DLBCL age >= 18 years who had experienced their first relapse or who were refractory to first-line R-CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone)-like treatment were randomly assigned between three cycles of R-DHAP or O-DHAP. Either O 1,000 mg or R 375 mg/m2 was administered for a total of four infusions (days 1 and 8 of cycle 1; day 1 of cycles 2 and 3 of DHAP). Patients who experienced a response after two cycles of treatment received the third cycle, followed by high-dose therapy and ASCT. Primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS), with failure to achieve a response after cycle 2 included as an event. Results Between March 2010 and December 2013, 447 patients were randomly assigned. Median age was 57 years (range, 18 to 83 years); 17% were age >= 65 years; 63% had stage III and IV disease; 71% did not achieve complete response (CR) or experience response for, 1 year on first-line R-CHOP. Response rate for O-DHAP was 38% (CR, 15%) versus 42% (CR, 22%) for R-DHAP. ASCT on protocol was completed by 74 patients (33%) in the O arm and 83 patients (37%) in the R arm. PFS, event-free survival, and overall survival were not significantly different between O-DHAP versus R-DHAP: PFS at 2 years was 24% versus 26% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.12; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.42; P = .33); event-free survival at 2 years was 16% versus 18% (HR, 1.10; P=.35); and overall survival at 2 years was 41% versus 38% (HR, 0.90; P=.38). Positron emission tomography negativity before ASCT was highly predictive for superior outcome. Conclusion No difference in efficacy was found between O-DHAP and R-DHAP as salvage treatment of relapsed or refractory DLBCL. (C) 2016 by American Society of Clinical Oncolog

Educação ambiental e etnobotânica : conhecimento e sensibilização sobre as plantas do cerrado por meio de recurso audiovisual

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação) — Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Educação Científica - NECBio, 2021.Devido às grandes riquezas da fauna e flora do Cerrado, somados a forte relação que povos tradicionais estabelecem com este bioma, as diferentes comunidades da Chapada dos Veadeiros (GO) expressam profundos conhecimentos sobre as plantas nativas da região e seus diversos usos. Quando inseridos em práticas de Educação Ambiental (EA), os saberes tradicionais possibilitam espaços de diálogo e reflexão sobre a interação do ser humano com a natureza, considerando a valorização da cultura tradicional no ambiente escolar como uma das formas de tecer caminhos para a conservação do Cerrado. Esta pesquisa buscou investigar quais contribuições de dois recursos didáticos para a prática de docentes de diferentes componentes curriculares da educação básica, que atuam no campo da EA na região da Chapada dos Veadeiros (GO), visando a sensibilização e valorização do bioma, saberes e cultura local dentro do ambiente escolar. Os recursos didáticos desenvolvidos nesta pesquisa foram um documentário e um roteiro com sugestões de atividades, os quais contaram com o protagonismo e com os conhecimentos do raizeiro Delmi Luiz Sol, guardião dos saberes da tradição do Cerrado do município de Colinas do Sul (GO). Estes recursos foram validados, por meio de um questionário, por educadores vinculados ao Instituto de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extensão em Arte Educação e Tecnologias Sustentáveis (IPEARTES), coletivo educador composto por profissionais vinculados à Secretaria de Educação de Goiás, que atua na região de estudo nos campos da Educação Ambiental e Arte Educação. A partir dos dados obtidos foi possível observar que os recursos didáticos apresentam potenciais sensibilizadores para a valorização dos saberes tradicionais e para promover o diálogo de saberes. Logo, a utilização dos saberes tradicionais como subsídios para ações pedagógicas da EA pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento de um ensino mais contextualizado, sensibilizador e multidimensional. Assim, os recursos didáticos elaborados contribuem para o diálogo entre os saberes tradicionais e os diversos conteúdos curriculares previstos para o ensino da Educação Básica no Estado de Goiás, possibilitando a valorização da cultura tradicional no ambiente escolar.Due to the great richness of the fauna and flora of the Cerrado in addition to the strong relationship that traditional peoples establish with this biome, the different communities of Chapada dos Veadeiros (Goiás) each express deep knowledge about the region's native plants and their various uses. When traditional knowledge is applied to the field of Environmental Education (EE), it provides space for dialogue and reflection on the interaction of human beings with nature, considering the valorization of traditional culture in the school environment as one of the ways to weave paths for the conservation of the Cerrado. This research sought to investigate the contributions of two didactic resources for the practice of teachers from different curricular components of basic education, who work in the field of EE in the Chapada dos Veadeiros (Goiás) region, aimed at raising awareness and valorizing the local biome and knowledge and culture within the educational system. A documentary and a script outlining suggestions of activities for educators to use in the classroom were developed as didactic resources, which counted on the guidance and knowledge of the raizeiro (herbalist) Delmi Luiz Sol, guardian of traditional knowledge of the Cerrado in the city of Colinas do Sul, Goiás. These resources were validated through a questionnaire submitted to educators linked to the Institute for Research, Teaching and Extension in Art Education and Sustainable Technologies (IPEARTES), a collective of educators composed of professionals connected to the Goiás State Department of Education, which operates in the region of study in the fields of Environmental Education and Art Education. From the data obtained, it was possible to observe that the didactic resources present potential to sensitize people to values of traditional knowledge and to promote a dialogue between traditional and scientific knowledge. Therefore, the use of traditional knowledge as subsidies for EE pedagogical actions can help in the development of a more contextualized, sensitizing and multidimensional teaching. Thus, the didactic resources developed contribute to the dialogue between traditional knowledge and the various curricular contents provided for teaching Basic Education in the State of Goiás, enabling the appreciation of traditional culture in the educational environment

'Who Wrote 2 Thessalonians:A Fresh Look at an Old Problem'

In light of the New Perspective on Paul, recognition of apocalyptic as a central category in Pauline theology, and the crumbling consensus concerning seven authentic epistles of Paul, it is time to reconsider the arguments for the authenticity of his letters. Here the specific question of the authorship of 2 Thessalonians is re-examined. It is noted that many of the standard arguments for or against the authenticity of 2 Thessalonians are either irrelevant or inconclusive. This discussion seeks to reveal the slender evidential basis of certain ‘classic’ arguments against the authenticity of the letter, and also to present some fresh reasons why the epistle should be regarded as written by Paul. The implications of including 2 Thessalonians among the authentic Pauline writings are then examined. In particular, it is suggested that the development in Paul’s thinking as reflected in 2 Thessalonians reveals that his theological formulations developed in response to situations in his fledgling communities. In this regard, Paul’s theological positions emerged through a negotiated response to pressing pastoral situations

Dynamic and influential interaction of cancer cells with normal epithelial cells in 3D culture

BACKGROUND: The cancer microenvironment has a strong impact on the growth and dynamics of cancer cells. Conventional 2D culture systems, however, do not reflect in vivo conditions, impeding detailed studies of cancer cell dynamics. This work aims to establish a method to reveal the interaction of cancer and normal epithelial cells using 3D time-lapse. METHODS: GFP-labelled breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, were co-cultured with mCherry-labelled non-cancerous epithelial cells, MDCK, in a gel matrix. In the 3D culture, the epithelial cells establish a spherical morphology (epithelial sphere) thus providing cancer cells with accessibility to the basal surface of epithelia, similar to the in vivo condition. Cell movement was monitored using time-lapse analyses. Ultrastructural, immunocytochemical and protein expression analyses were also performed following the time-lapse study. RESULTS: In contrast to the 2D culture system, whereby most MDA-MB-231 cells exhibit spindle-shaped morphology as single cells, in the 3D culture the MDA-MB-231 cells were found to be single cells or else formed aggregates, both of which were motile. The single MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited both round and spindle shapes, with dynamic changes from one shape to the other, visible within a matter of hours. When co-cultured with epithelial cells, the MDA-MB-231 cells displayed a strong attraction to the epithelial spheres, and proceeded to surround and engulf the epithelial cell mass. The surrounded epithelial cells were eventually destroyed, becoming debris, and were taken into the MDA-MB-231 cells. However, when there was a relatively large population of normal epithelial cells, the MDA-MB-231 cells did not engulf the epithelial spheres effectively, despite repeated contacts. MDA-MB-231 cells co-cultured with a large number of normal epithelial cells showed reduced expression of monocarboxylate transporter-1, suggesting a change in the cell metabolism. A decreased level of gelatin-digesting ability as well as reduced production of matrix metaroproteinase-2 was also observed. CONCLUSIONS: This culture method is a powerful technique to investigate cancer cell dynamics and cellular changes in response to the microenvironment. The method can be useful for various aspects such as; different combinations of cancer and non-cancer cell types, addressing the organ-specific affinity of cancer cells to host cells, and monitoring the cellular response to anti-cancer drugs. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-014-0108-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Clinical findings in 25 patients with sinonasal or nasopharyngeal extramedullary plasmacytoma in a four-decade single-centre series

Objectives: Extramedullary plasmacytoma in the sinonasal tract or nasopharynx is rare. The aim of the study was to review data on symptoms, clinical findings, treatment and follow-up of plasmacytomas in the sinonasal and nasopharyngeal regions in order to delineate the main clinical characteristics and the optimal management. Method: Twenty-five patients with sinonasal or nasopharyngeal plasmacytoma, diagnosed and treated at the Helsinki University Hospital during a 39-year period from 1975 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: There were 18 males and 7 females with a median age of 66 years (range, 36-80). Sixty-eight percent received only radiotherapy or (chemo)radiotherapy. Forty-seven percent of them had a complete response to primary radiotherapy and one patient had a complete response after receiving additional brachytherapy. Four patients were treated primarily with surgery only. Two of them had a local recurrence, but were then successfully treated with radiotherapy. Altogether, four patients received a combination of surgery and (chemo)radiotherapy. Forty-four percent were alive with no evidence of disease after a median follow-up time of 78 months. Forty percent died of their disease and 16% died of other causes. Conclusions: Our study supports radiotherapy as a treatment of choice, but for small tumours surgery alone or in combination with radiotherapy may also be considered. Chinese abstractPeer reviewe