Специалистическая модель в условиях непрерывного профессионального образования

Fundamental changes in the Russian economy determined by the increasing role of knowledge, the revolution in information and communication technologies, the formation of the global labor market, as well as political changes, dictate new requirements for professional training. The specialist model, professiogram, qualification characteristic, sociogram of profession, sociogram of professional identity is the view options of the ideal result of students’ training. The key competence is the defining competence because it corresponds to the conditions of implementation, which are neither limited, not too specific, but are to a certain extent universal. The essence of professional competence of a specialist is the integration of knowledge, skills, experience; personal qualities that provide professional development and self-realization of a specialist, i.e. personal opportunities that allow solving professional problems independently and effectively. The perspective direction of improvement of specialists training in professional education system is development of their models giving the chance to study more deeply problems of training and use of experts, to estimate quality of educational institutions work. In recent years, research aimed at developing a specialist model has covered not only the sphere of higher education; they are conducted in the systems of basic and secondary vocational education. One of the main means of rationing and assessing the quality of professional training of students is a competence model that allows getting the clearest information about the composition of competencies that must be formed in the future specialist in the learning process. The analysis of requirements to specialists training, the contents and technologies of educational process, methodology and practice of modern educational activity allows defining a number of principles and methods of formation of specialist model as bases of a component of the Federal State Educational Standard.Los cambios fundamentales en la economía rusa, determinados por el papel cada vez mayor del conocimiento, la revolución en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, la formación del mercado laboral mundial, así como los cambios políticos, dictan nuevos requisitos para la formación profesional. El modelo de especialista, el profesiograma, la característica de calificación, el sociograma de la profesión, el sociograma de la identidad profesional son las opciones de visualización del resultado ideal de la formación de los estudiantes. La competencia clave es la competencia definitoria porque corresponde a las condiciones de implementación, que no son limitadas, ni demasiado específicas, pero en cierta medida son universales. La esencia de la competencia profesional de un especialista es la integración de conocimientos, habilidades, experiencia; cualidades personales que proporcionan desarrollo profesional y autorrealización de un especialista, es decir, oportunidades personales que permiten resolver problemas profesionales de manera independiente y efectiva. La dirección de la perspectiva de mejora de la formación de especialistas en el sistema de educación profesional es el desarrollo de sus modelos que brinden la oportunidad de estudiar más profundamente los problemas de formación y uso de expertos, para estimar la calidad del trabajo de las instituciones educativas. En los últimos años, la investigación dirigida a desarrollar un modelo especializado ha cubierto no solo el ámbito de la educación superior; se llevan a cabo en los sistemas de educación vocacional básica y secundaria. Uno de los principales medios para racionar y evaluar la calidad de la formación profesional de los estudiantes es un modelo de competencia que permita obtener la información más clara sobre la composición de las competencias que deben formarse en el futuro especialista en el proceso de aprendizaje. El análisis de los requisitos para la capacitación de especialistas, los contenidos y las tecnologías del proceso educativo, la metodología y la práctica de la actividad educativa moderna permite definir una serie de principios y métodos de formación de modelos especializados como bases de un componente del Estándar Educativo del Estado Federal.Фундаментальные изменения в российской экономике, обусловленные растущей ролью знаний, революцией в информационных и коммуникационных технологиях, формированием мирового рынка труда, а также политическими изменениями, диктуют новые требования к профессиональной подготовке. Модель специалиста, профессиограмма, квалификационная характеристика, социограмма профессии, социограмма профессиональной идентичности - это варианты выбора идеального результата обучения студентов. Ключевой компетенцией является определяющая компетенция, поскольку она соответствует условиям реализации, которые не являются ни ограниченными, ни слишком конкретными, но в определенной степени универсальными. Суть профессиональной компетентности специалиста - интеграция знаний, навыков, опыта; личные качества, которые обеспечивают профессиональное развитие и самореализацию специалиста, то есть личные возможности, позволяющие самостоятельно и эффективно решать профессиональные проблемы. Перспективным направлением совершенствования подготовки специалистов в системе профессионального образования является разработка их моделей, позволяющих глубже изучить проблемы подготовки и использования специалистов, оценить качество работы учебных заведений. В последние годы исследования, направленные на разработку модели специалиста, охватывали не только сферу высшего образования; они ведутся в системах начального и среднего профессионального образования. Одним из основных средств нормирования и оценки качества профессиональной подготовки студентов является модель компетенций, позволяющая получить наиболее четкую информацию о составе компетенций, которые должны быть сформированы у будущего специалиста в процессе обучения. Анализ требований к подготовке специалистов, содержания и технологий учебного процесса, методологии и практики современной образовательной деятельности позволяет определить ряд принципов и методов формирования модели специалиста как основы компонента Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта

International symposium: "Evolution of permian marine biota," and problems concerning permian sections in the type region

The main results of the International Symposium "Evolution of Permian Marine Biota," are presented. The Artinskian to Ufimian part of the section at the Kozhim River (Polar Urals) is briefly described including its paleontological characteristics. Potentials for further study of Permian deposits in the Urals and possibilities of using the Uralian stages as international standards are discussed. Copyright © 1997 by MAHK Hayka/Interperiodica Publishing

Cardiopulmonary factors associated with atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Aim. To study the relationships between clinical and functional features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and status of cardiovascular system with focus on identifying factors associated with the atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with COPD.Material and methods. Patients (n=94) with COPD out of exacerbation and airways obstruction of 2-4 degree (GOLD 2013) were examined. The spirometry, daily pulse oximetry, 24-hour ECG and blood pressure monitoring with vascular wall stiffness estimation, echocardiography were performed. Levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) werealso assessed.Results. AF paroxysms were found in 46 patients, including newly diagnosed ones in 22 patients. According to the results of multiple correlation analysis, the frequency of AF paroxysms correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) (R=-0.348; p=0.013), minimum oxygen saturation of the blood (min%SpO2) (R=-0.356; p=0.011), CRP level (R=0.442; p=0.001), the sizes of both atria (p<0.001), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) of left ventricle (LV) (R=0.350; p=0.022), the right ventricle (RV) size (R=0.478; p<0.001), systolic blood pressure level in the pulmonary artery (PASP) (р<0.001), vascular stiffness - pulse wave velocity in aorta (PWao) (p=0.001). The influence of FEV1 on the left atrium volume index (χ2=7.0; p=0.008) and IVRT LV (χ2=7.9; p=0.005) was revealed. Correlations between min%SpO2 and IVRT and PWao were observed.Conclusion. Severe bronchial obstruction, hypoxemia, systemic inflammation with increase in vascular stiffness (PWao) and myocardium remodeling (increase in the sizes of both atria, PASP, RV size and diastolic dysfunction of LV) are the factors that associated with the occurrence of AF in patients with COPD

Pressurized H-2 rf Cavities in Ionizing Beams and Magnetic Fields

A major technological challenge in building a muon cooling channel is operating rf cavities in multitesla external magnetic fields. We report the first proof-of-principle experiment of a high pressure gas-filled rf cavity for use with intense ionizing beams and strong external magnetic fields. rf power consumption by beam-induced plasma is investigated with hydrogen and deuterium gases with pressures between 20 and 100 atm and peak rf gradients between 5 and 50 MV/m. The low pressure case agrees well with an analytical model based on electron and ion mobilities. Varying concentrations of oxygen gas are investigated to remove free electrons from the cavity and reduce the rf power consumption. Measurements of the electron attachment time to oxygen and rate of ion-ion recombination are also made. Additionally, we demonstrate the operation of the gas-filled rf cavity in a solenoidal field of up to 3 T, finding no major magnetic field dependence. All these results indicate that a high pressure gas-filled cavity is a viable technology for muon ionization cooling.open1

Characterisation of the muon beams for the Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment

A novel single-particle technique to measure emittance has been developed and used to characterise seventeen different muon beams for the Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE). The muon beams, whose mean momenta vary from 171 to 281 MeV/c, have emittances of approximately 1.2–2.3 π mm-rad horizontally and 0.6–1.0 π mm-rad vertically, a horizontal dispersion of 90–190 mm and momentum spreads of about 25 MeV/c. There is reasonable agreement between the measured parameters of the beams and the results of simulations. The beams are found to meet the requirements of MICE

Роль нутриентов и пробиотических препаратов в терапии депрессии

Currently, a growing amount of data is emerging on the role of various environmental factors (nutrients, gut microbiota, etc.) on formation of depression. The impact on these factors can be effective not only in treatment of major depressive disorder, but also in its early prevention. Therefore, a more detailed study of environmental factors in depression can lead both to a better understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disorder and to optimization of approaches to its treatment. The aim of the review was to assess the potential role of a number of environmental factors associated with nutritional aspects and characteristics of individual microflora, as well as to review the prospects of a strategy for affecting these factors in treatment and prevention of depression. В настоящее время появляется все больше сведений о роли различных экологических факторов (особенностей питания, бактериальной флоры человека и проч.) в формировании депрессии. Воздействие на указанные факторы может быть эффективно не только в лечении депрессивного расстройства, но и его ранней профилактике. Таким образом, более подробное изучение роли экологических факторов в формировании депрессии может способствовать как лучшему пониманию этиопатогенеза данного заболевания, так и оптимизации подходов по борьбе с ним.Цель обзора: оценить потенциальную роль в формировании депрессии ряда экологических факторов, связанных с нутритивными аспектами и особенностями микрофлоры индивида, а также перспективность стратегии воздействия на данные факторы в лечении и профилактике депрессивного расстройства.

The JWST FRESCO Survey:Legacy NIRCam/Grism Spectroscopy and Imaging in the two GOODS Fields

We present the JWST cycle 1 53.8 h medium program FRESCO, short for 'First Reionization Epoch Spectroscopically Complete Observations'. FRESCO covers 62 arcmin2 in each of the two GOODS/CANDELS fields for a total area of 124 arcmin2 exploiting JWST's powerful new grism spectroscopic capabilities at near-infrared wavelengths. By obtaining ∼2 h deep NIRCam/grism observations with the F444W filter, FRESCO yields unprecedented spectra at R ∼1600 covering 3.8-5.0 μm for most galaxies in the NIRCam field of view. This setup enables emission line measurements over most of cosmic history, from strong PAH lines at z ∼0.2-0.5, to Pa α and Pa β at z ∼1-3, He i and [S iii] at z ∼2.5-4.5, H α and [N ii] at z ∼5-6.5, up to [O iii] and H β for z ∼7-9 galaxies. FRESCO's grism observations provide total line fluxes for accurately estimating galaxy stellar masses and calibrating slit-loss corrections of NIRSpec/MSA spectra in the same field. Additionally, FRESCO results in a mosaic of F182M, F210M, and F444W imaging in the same fields to a depth of ∼28.2 mag (5σ in 032 diameter apertures). Here, we describe the overall survey design and the key science goals that can be addressed with FRESCO. We also highlight several, early science results, including: spectroscopic redshifts of Lyman break galaxies that were identified almost 20 yr ago, the discovery of broad-line active galactic nuclei at z &gt; 4, and resolved Pa α maps of galaxies at z ∼1.4. These results demonstrate the enormous power for serendipitous discovery of NIRCam/grism observations.</p

The JWST FRESCO Survey: Legacy NIRCam/Grism Spectroscopy and Imaging in the two GOODS Fields

We present the JWST Cycle 1 53.8hr medium program FRESCO, short for "First Reionization Epoch Spectroscopically Complete Observations". FRESCO covers 62 arcmin$^2$ in each of the two GOODS/CANDELS fields for a total area of 124 arcmin$^2$ exploiting JWST's powerful new grism spectroscopic capabilities at near-infrared wavelengths. By obtaining ~2 hr deep NIRCam/grism observations with the F444W filter, FRESCO yields unprecedented spectra at R~1600 covering 3.8 to 5.0 $\mu$m for most galaxies in the NIRCam field-of-view. This setup enables emission line measurements over most of cosmic history, from strong PAH lines at z~0.2-0.5, to Pa$\alpha$ and Pa$\beta$ at z~1-3, HeI and [SIII] at z~2.5-4.5, H$\alpha$ and [NII] at z~5-6.5, up to [OIII] and H$\beta$ for z~7-9 galaxies, and possibly even [OII] at z~10-12. FRESCO's grism observations provide total line fluxes for accurately estimating galaxy stellar masses and calibrating slit-loss corrections of NIRSpec/MSA spectra in the same field. Additionally, FRESCO results in a mosaic of F182M, F210M, and F444W imaging in the same fields to a depth of ~28.2 mag (5 $\sigma$ in 0.32" diameter apertures). Together with this publication, the v1 imaging mosaics are released as high-level science products via MAST. Here, we describe the overall survey design and the key science goals that can be addressed with FRESCO. We also highlight several, early science results, including: spectroscopic redshifts of Lyman break galaxies that were identified almost 20 years ago, the discovery of broad-line active galactic nuclei at z>4, and resolved Pa$\alpha$ maps of galaxies at z~1.4. These results demonstrate the enormous power for serendipitous discovery of NIRCam/grism observations. Given the wealth of ancillary data available in these fields, the zero-proprietary time FRESCO data is poised to enable a large amount of legacy science by the community.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures; submitted to MNRAS; for more information on the survey and data releases, see http://jwst-fresco.astro.unige.ch

Barnase as a New Therapeutic Agent Triggering Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cells

RNases are currently studied as non-mutagenic alternatives to the harmful DNA-damaging anticancer drugs commonly used in clinical practice. Many mammalian RNases are not potent toxins due to the strong inhibition by ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) presented in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells.In search of new effective anticancer RNases we studied the effects of barnase, a ribonuclease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, on human cancer cells. We found that barnase is resistant to RI. In MTT cell viability assay, barnase was cytotoxic to human carcinoma cell lines with half-inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) ranging from 0.2 to 13 microM and to leukemia cell lines with IC(50) values ranging from 2.4 to 82 microM. Also, we characterized the cytotoxic effects of barnase-based immunoRNase scFv 4D5-dibarnase, which consists of two barnase molecules serially fused to the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of humanized antibody 4D5 that recognizes the extracellular domain of cancer marker HER2. The scFv 4D5-dibarnase specifically bound to HER2-positive cells and was internalized via receptor-mediated endocytosis. The intracellular localization of internalized scFv 4D5-dibarnase was determined by electronic microscopy. The cytotoxic effect of scFv 4D5-dibarnase on HER2-positive human ovarian carcinoma SKOV-3 cells (IC(50) = 1.8 nM) was three orders of magnitude greater than that of barnase alone. Both barnase and scFv 4D5-dibarnase induced apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells accompanied by internucleosomal chromatin fragmentation, membrane blebbing, the appearance of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, and the activation of caspase-3.These results demonstrate that barnase is a potent toxic agent for targeting to cancer cells