Long-term variability of the optical spectra of NGC 4151: II. Evolution of the broad Ha and Hb emission-line profiles

Results of the long-term (11 years, from 1996 to 2006) H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ line variations of the active galactic nucleus of NGC 4151 are presented. High quality spectra (S/N>50 and R~8A) of H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ were investigated. We analyzed line profile variations during monitoring period. Comparing the line profiles of H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$, we studied different details (bumps, absorption features) in the line profiles. The variations of the different H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ line profile segments have been investigated. Also, we analyzed the Balmer decrement for whole line and for line segments. We found that the line profiles were strongly changing during the monitoring period, showing blue and red asymmetries. This indicates a complex BLR geometry of NGC 4151 with, at least, three kinematically distinct regions: one that contributes to the blue line wing, one to the line core and one to the red line wing. Such variation can be caused by an accelerating outflow starting very close to the black hole, where the red part may come from the region {closer to the black hole than the blue part, which is coming} from the region having the highest outflow velocities. Taking into account the fact that the BLR of NGC 4151 has a complex geometry (probably affected by an outflow) and that a portion of the broad line emission seems to have not a pure photoionization origin, one can ask the question whether the study of the BLR by reverberation mapping may be valid in the case of this galaxy.Comment: 24 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publications in A&

Spectral optical monitoring of the double peaked emission line AGN Arp 102B: II. Variability of the broad line properties

We investigate a long-term (26 years, from 1987 to 2013) variability in the broad spectral line properties of the radio galaxy Arp 102B, an active galaxy with broad double-peaked emission lines. We use observations presented in Paper I (Shapovalova et al. 2013) in the period from 1987 to 2011, and a new set of observations performed in 2012--2013. To explore the BLR geometry, and clarify some contradictions about the nature of the BLR in Arp 102B we explore variations in the H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ line parameters during the monitored period. We fit the broad lines with three broad Gaussian functions finding the positions and intensities of the blue and red peaks in H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$. Additionally we fit averaged line profiles with the disc model. We find that the broad line profiles are double-peaked and have not been changed significantly in shapes, beside an additional small peak that, from time to time can be seen in the blue part of the H$\alpha$ line. The positions of the blue and red peaks { have not changed significantly during the monitored period. The H$\beta$ line is broader than H$\alpha$ line in the monitored period. The disc model is able to reproduce the H$\beta$ and H$\alpha$ broad line profiles, however, observed variability in the line parameters are not in a good agreement with the emission disc hypothesis. It seems that the BLR of Arp 102B has a disc-like geometry, but the role of an outflow can also play an important role in observed variation of the broad line properties.Comment: 17 pages, Accepted for publication in A&

Vivencia del amamantamiento por madres adolescentes

A amamentação é um ato de grande importância e benefício para a mãe e o filho e não há contra indicação para mães-adolescentes. O objetivo desta pesquisa é descrever a vivência da amamentação na adolescência e observar a ocorrência de desmame precoce. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo de abordagem descritiva, utilizando a técnica de grupo focal, realizada em um Centro de Saúde de uma Região Administrativa do Distrito Federal no ano de 2008. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que não está ocorrendo o desmame precoce no universo estudado e que existe uma boa vivência por parte das adolescentes em relação ao processo da amamentação. No entanto, percebe-se a necessidade de criação de grupos de apoio às gestantes e às puér peras adolescentes, sendo de responsabilidade, principalmente, do enfermeiro, a educação e a promoção do aleitamento materno. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTBreastfeeding is an act of great importance and benefit to both mother and child, and there is no contra indication for adolescent mothers. The aim of this research is to describe the experience of breastfeeding during adolescence and observe the occurrence of early weaning. This is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach, using the technique of focus group, held in a Health Center of an Administrative Region of the Distrito Federal, Brazil, in the year2008. The results revealed that early weaning does not occur among the studied group and that there is a good experience of adolescents in relation to the process of breastfeeding. However on realize the necessity of creating support groups for pregnant women and adolescent mothers, being the responsibility mainly of the nursing team. ______________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMENEl amamantamiento es un acto de gran importancia y beneficio para la madre y el niño y no hay contraindicaciónpara las madres-adolescentes. El objetivo de esta investigación es describir la experiencia del amamantamiento en laadolescencia y observar la ocurrencia de destete precoz. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo de abordaje descriptivo,utilizando la técnica de grupo focal, realizada en un Centro de Salud de una Región Administrativa del Distrito Federal enel año 2008. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que no está ocurriendo el destete precoz en el universo estudiado y queexiste una buena experiencia por parte de los adolescentes en relación al proceso del amamantamiento. Sin embargo, senota la necesidad de creación de grupos de apoyo a las embarazadas y a las parturientas adolescentes, siendo deresponsabilidad, principalmente, del enfermero, la educación y promoción del amamantamiento materno

Dynamical Black Hole Masses of BL Lac Objects from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

We measure black hole masses for 71 BL Lac objects from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with redshifts out to z~0.4. We perform spectral decompositions of their nuclei from their host galaxies and measure their stellar velocity dispersions. Black hole masses are then derived from the black hole mass - stellar velocity dispersion relation. We find BL Lac objects host black holes of similar masses, ~10^{8.5} M_sun, with a dispersion of 0.4 dex, similar to the uncertainties on each black hole measurement. Therefore, all BL Lac objects in our sample have the same indistinguishable black hole mass. These 71 BL Lac objects follow the black hole mass - bulge luminosity relation, and their narrow range of host galaxy luminosities confirm previous claims that BL Lac host galaxies can be treated as standard candles. We conclude that the observed diversity in the shapes of BL Lac object spectral energy distributions is not strongly driven by black hole mass or host galaxy properties.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Early Science with the Large Millimeter Telescope: an energy-driven wind revealed by massive molecular and fast X-ray outflows in the Seyfert Galaxy IRAS 17020+4544

We report on the coexistence of powerful gas outflows observed in millimeter and X-ray data of the Radio-Loud Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy IRAS 17020+4544. Thanks to the large collecting power of the Large Millimeter Telescope, a prominent line arising from the 12CO(1-0) transition was revealed in recent observations of this source. The complex profile is composed by a narrow double-peak line and a broad wing. While the double-peak structure may be arising in a disk of molecular material, the broad wing is interpreted as the signature of a massive outflow of molecular gas with an approximate bulk velocity of -660 km/s. This molecular wind is likely associated to a multi-component X-ray Ultra-Fast Outflow with velocities reaching up to ~0.1c and column densities in the range 10^{21-23.9} cm^-2 that was reported in the source prior to the LMT observations. The momentum load estimated in the two gas phases indicates that within the observational uncertainties the outflow is consistent with being propagating through the galaxy and sweeping up the gas while conserving its energy. This scenario, which has been often postulated as a viable mechanism of how AGN feedback takes place, has so far been observed only in ULIRGs sources. IRAS 17020+4544 with bolometric and infrared luminosity respectively of 5X10^{44} erg/s and 1.05X10^{11} L_sun appears to be an example of AGN feedback in a NLSy1 Galaxy (a low power AGN). New proprietary multi-wavelength data recently obtained on this source will allow us to corroborate the proposed hypothesis.Comment: Accepted for publication on ApJ Letters, 9 pages, 4 figure