47 research outputs found
How the chance of missing the alarm during an on-call shift affects pre-bed anxiety, sleep and next day cognitive performance
© 2018 Elsevier. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
This author accepted manuscript is made available following 12 month embargo from date of publication (September 2018) in accordance with the publisherâs archiving policy.This study investigated how the likelihood of missing an alarm affects pre-bed anxiety, sleep and next
day cognitive performance during on-call shifts. Participants (n=24) completed one adaptation night,
one control night and two on-call nights in a time-isolated sleep laboratory. On one of the on-call
nights, participants were informed that they would be woken by a loud alarm that they would
definitely not be able to sleep through (low likelihood of missing the alarm). On the other on-call night,
participants were informed that they would be woken by a quiet alarm that they may sleep through
(high likelihood of missing the alarm). The two on-call nights were counterbalanced. Pre-bed anxiety
was measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory x-1, while sleep macro- and micro-architecture
was examined via routine polysomnography and power spectral analyses respectively. Following each
sleep, cognitive performance was assessed four times (0930, 1200, 1430, 1700) using the 10-min
psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). Results indicated that while pre-bed anxiety was similarly increased
during both high and low likelihood of missing the on-call alarm conditions compared with control,
only in the high likelihood condition was total sleep time shorter and sleep efficiency lower compared
with the control condition. However, more wake after sleep onset was found in the low likelihood
condition compared with control. PVT data indicate that response times (mean reciprocal and mean
fastest 10% of reaction time) were fastest in the low likelihood condition, indicating better
performance when compared with both other conditions. However, there were significantly more
lapses in the low likelihood condition compared with control. No significant EEG power spectral
differences were observed. As such, it appears that there are detrimental effects of both on-call
conditions on anxiety, sleep and performance, with sleep poorest when the likelihood of missing the
alarm is high. The adverse impacts on sleep and performance outcomes while on-call may be mitigated
by the implementation of workplace systems to reduce the likelihood of missing alarms (e.g., having
two available options for contacting on-call workers).This study was funded by an Australian Research Council Discovery grant (DP 150104497). Funding for Madeline Sprajcerâs PhD scholarship was provided by this grant. Dr Grace Vincent is supported by an Early Career Fellowship at Central Queensland University
Concert recording 2022-11-14
[Track 1]. Solo de concours / AndrĂ© Messager -- [Track 2]. Concertino for clarinet and piano / Carl Maria von Weber -- [Track 3]. Concerto No. 2 in E-flat Major. III. Alla polacca / Carl Maria von Weber -- [Track 4]. Sonatina for clarinet and piano. III. Furioso / Malcolm Arnold -- [Track 5]. Promenade (Walking the dog) for clarinet & piano / George Gershwin / arr. Shieley Denwood -- [Track 6]. Fantasistykke for clarinet and piano / Carl Nielsen -- [Track 7]. Sonata for clarinet and piano. I. MĂ€ssig bewegt / Paul Hindemith -- [Track 8]. Premiere Rhapsody for clarinet and piano / Claude Debussy -- [Track 9]. Impromptu: Duo for Clarinet and Marimba / William A.R. May -- [Track 10]. Irish suite / arr. Elliot A. Del Borgo -- [Track 11]. Danse Macabre / Camille Saint-SaĂ«ns ; arr. Melanie Thorne -- [Track 12]. âNimrodâ from Enigma variations / Edward Elgar ; arr. Jeanie Murrow -- [Track 13]. Claribel / Roland Cardon
Concert recording 2022-11-14
[Track 1]. Solo de concours / AndrĂ© Messager -- [Track 2]. Concertino for clarinet and piano / Carl Maria von Weber -- [Track 3]. Concerto No. 2 in E-flat Major. III. Alla polacca / Carl Maria von Weber -- [Track 4]. Sonatina for clarinet and piano. III. Furioso / Malcolm Arnold -- [Track 5]. Promenade (Walking the dog) for clarinet & piano / George Gershwin / arr. Shieley Denwood -- [Track 6]. Fantasistykke for clarinet and piano / Carl Nielsen -- [Track 7]. Sonata for clarinet and piano. I. MĂ€ssig bewegt / Paul Hindemith -- [Track 8]. Premiere Rhapsody for clarinet and piano / Claude Debussy -- [Track 9]. Impromptu: Duo for Clarinet and Marimba / William A.R. May -- [Track 10]. Irish suite / arr. Elliot A. Del Borgo -- [Track 11]. Danse Macabre / Camille Saint-SaĂ«ns ; arr. Melanie Thorne -- [Track 12]. âNimrodâ from Enigma variations / Edward Elgar ; arr. Jeanie Murrow -- [Track 13]. Claribel / Roland Cardon
International study on inter-reader variability for circulating tumor cells in breast cancer
Introduction
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been studied in breast cancer with the CellSearchÂź system. Given the low CTC counts in non-metastatic breast cancer, it is important to evaluate the inter-reader agreement.
Methods
CellSearchÂź images (Nâ=â272) of either CTCs or white blood cells or artifacts from 109 non-metastatic (M0) and 22 metastatic (M1) breast cancer patients from reported studies were sent to 22 readers from 15 academic laboratories and 8 readers from two Veridex laboratories. Each image was scored as No CTC vs CTC HER2- vs CTC HER2+. The 8 Veridex readers were summarized to a Veridex Consensus (VC) to compare each academic reader using % agreement and kappa (Îș) statistics. Agreement was compared according to disease stage and CTC counts using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Results
For CTC definition (No CTC vs CTC), the median agreement between academic readers and VC was 92% (range 69 to 97%) with a median Îș of 0.83 (range 0.37 to 0.93). Lower agreement was observed in images from M0 (median 91%, range 70 to 96%) compared to M1 (median 98%, range 64 to 100%) patients (Pâ<â0.001) and from M0 and <3CTCs (median 87%, range 66 to 95%) compared to M0 and â„3CTCs samples (median 95%, range 77 to 99%), (Pâ<â0.001). For CTC HER2 expression (HER2- vs HER2+), the median agreement was 87% (range 51 to 95%) with a median Îș of 0.74 (range 0.25 to 0.90).
Conclusions
The inter-reader agreement for CTC definition was high. Reduced agreement was observed in M0 patients with low CTC counts. Continuous training and independent image review are require
A framework for ensemble modelling of climate change impacts on lakes worldwide : the ISIMIP Lake Sector
Empirical evidence demonstrates that lakes and reservoirs are warming across the globe. Consequently, there is an increased need to project future changes in lake thermal structure and resulting changes in lake biogeochemistry in order to plan for the likely impacts. Previous studies of the impacts of climate change on lakes have often relied on a single model forced with limited scenario-driven projections of future climate for a relatively small number of lakes. As a result, our understanding of the effects of climate change on lakes is fragmentary, based on scattered studies using different data sources and modelling protocols, and mainly focused on individual lakes or lake regions. This has precluded identification of the main impacts of climate change on lakes at global and regional scales and has likely contributed to the lack of lake water quality considerations in policy-relevant documents, such as the Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Here, we describe a simulation protocol developed by the Lake Sector of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP) for simulating climate change impacts on lakes using an ensemble of lake models and climate change scenarios for ISIMIP phases 2 and 3. The protocol prescribes lake simulations driven by climate forcing from gridded observations and different Earth system models under various representative greenhouse gas concentration pathways (RCPs), all consistently bias-corrected on a 0.5 degrees x 0.5 degrees global grid. In ISIMIP phase 2, 11 lake models were forced with these data to project the thermal structure of 62 well-studied lakes where data were available for calibration under historical conditions, and using uncalibrated models for 17 500 lakes defined for all global grid cells containing lakes. In ISIMIP phase 3, this approach was expanded to consider more lakes, more models, and more processes. The ISIMIP Lake Sector is the largest international effort to project future water temperature, thermal structure, and ice phenology of lakes at local and global scales and paves the way for future simulations of the impacts of climate change on water quality and biogeochemistry in lakes.Peer reviewe
International study on inter-reader variability for circulating tumor cells in breast cancer
Introduction: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been studied in breast cancer with the CellSearchÂź system. Given the low CTC counts in non-metastatic breast cancer, it is important to evaluate the inter-reader agreement.Methods: CellSearchÂź images (N = 272) of either CTCs or white blood cells or artifacts from 109 non-metastatic (M0) and 22 metastatic (M1) breast cancer patients from reported studies were sent to 22 readers from 15 academic laboratories and 8 readers from two Veridex laboratories. Each image was scored as No CTC vs CTC HER2- vs CTC HER2+. The 8 Veridex readers were summarized to a Veridex Consensus (VC) to compare each academic reader using % agreement and kappa (Îș) statistics. Agreement was compared according to disease stage and CTC counts using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results: For CTC definition (No CTC vs CTC), the median agreement between academic readers and VC was 92% (range 69 to 97%) with a median Îș of 0.83 (range 0.37 to 0.93). Lower agreement was observed in images from M0 (median 91%, range 70 to 96%) compared to M1 (median 98%, range 64 to 100%) patients (P < 0.001) and from M0 and <3CTCs (median 87%, range 66 to 95%) compared to M0 and â„3CTCs samples (median 95%, range 77 to 99%), (P < 0.001). For CTC HER2 expression (HER2- vs HER2+), the median agreement was 87% (range 51 to 95%) with a median Îș of 0.74 (range 0.25 to 0.90).Conclusions: The inter-reader agreement for CTC definition was high. Reduced agreement was observed in M0 patients with low CTC counts. Continuous training and independent image review are required
Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome
The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers âŒ99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of âŒ1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead