Plyometric training and fatigue index in women basketball players

The plyometric training is an essential tool for improving the explosive force. The objective of the present study was to analyze the responses of a plyometric training program on fatigue index in young women athletes. 14 young female basketball players aged 13.28±0.63 years; body mass 51.71±9.11 kg; height 1.61±6.77 m; and body fat percentage 22.71±4.93 % were selected. The training was developed with the preparatory phase of periodization, during 8 weeks with 3 sessions/week, divided into 3 separate programs: jump training (swedish bench height of 30 cm; barriers with height of 40 cm and stands of timber); depth jumps (with wooden boxes of 40 and 70 cm) and jumps with additional loads on the shoulders (bags of sand with 5 kg and 40 cm wood boxes). The jump training sessions were performed in a circuit fashion. An anaerobic endurance test was done by the forward-backward protocol, before and after the plyometric training. Student\u27s t-test was applied (p≤0.05). The percentage of fatigue index (%FI) declined by 2% (from 7.4% to 5.4%), showing a significant improvement (p = 0.022) in the forward-backward protocol test. The structure of the proposed plyometric program proved to be effective in improving the rate of fatigue in basketball athletes in an anaerobic test, which may directly affect specific sport performance

Relationship between mood states, heart rate variability and creatine kinase of Brazilian para-athletes

The main purpose of this study was to check any relationship between mood states heart rate, variability (HRV) and creatine kinase (CK) of Brazilian para-athletes. Were evaluated 12 athletes, members of the Brazilian Team of Para-Athletics. In order to evaluate the autonomic response the HRV of athletes was determined at rest, by collecting the R-R intervals within 10 min. It was also collected blood samples to analyze the total CK, and the Brums scale was applied to know the mood states of the athletes, being calculated the six mood states (tension, depression, anger, fatigue, confusion and vigor). Analysis of the data was performed by Spearman correlation. The main results indicated a relationship between the parasympathetic modulation and the Vigor of the athletes (r = 0.50 to 0.53; p<0.05). The CK was not related with any marker. In conclusion: There was a relationship between the parasympathetic modulation of HRV and the Vigor, which is good for the performance.Objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a relação entre os estados de humor, a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e creatina quinase (CK) de para-atletas brasileiros. Foram avaliados 12 atletas, integrantes da Seleção Brasileira de Para-Atletismo. Para avaliar a resposta autonômica foi determinada a VFC em repouso, coletando os intervalos R-R em 10 min. Foram coletadas também amostras de sangue para analisar a CK total e para conhecer os estados de humor dos atletas, foi utilizado a Escala de Brums, sendo calculados os seis estados de humor (tensão, depressão, raiva, fadiga, confusão e vigor). A análise dos dados foi realizada pela correlação de Sperman. Os principais resultados demonstraram relação entre a modulação parassimpática e o Vigor dos atletas (r = 0,50 a 0,53; p<0,05). A CK não se relacionou com nenhum marcador. Conclui-se que houve relação entre a modulação parassimpática da VFC e o Vigor, o que é positivo para o rendimento na competição.Universidade Nove de JulhoUniversidade São Judas TadeuUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Controle e monitoramento no triathlon: estudo a partir da percepção subjetiva do atleta no período pré-competitivo

A busca por indicadores das respostas imediatas obtidas durante as sessões de treinamento tem sido alvo de investigações no âmbito científico atual, neste sentido o objetivo do estudo foi verificar correlação entre indicadores da carga de treinamento de um triatleta no período pré-competitivo. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se medidas descritivas de centralidade e dispersão e o coeficiente (r) de correlação de Pearson (p<0,05). Os resultados apontam tendência de aumento do volume, da carga e das percepções de cansaço ao longo dos dias de treinamento. Em relação as semanas, verifica-se uma tendência de aumento para a carga, de diminuição da monotonia e manutenção do strain. Pode-se concluir que as variáveis analisadas parecem permitir o monitoramento das alterações no treinamento possibilitando sua caracterização

Acute effect of stretching exercises on upper and lower limbs maximum strength and strength endurance performance

Este estudo verificou o efeito agudo dos exercícios de flexibilidade estática (EFlex) no desempenho de força máxima (FM) e de resistência de força (RF) em membros inferiores e superiores. Treze voluntários participaram do estudo e foram submetidos a testes de FM e RF (70% 1RM) nos exercícios supino e agachamento precedidos ou não de EFlex. O teste T pareado foi utilizado para comparação das médias nas duas condições. Os EFlex diminuíram a FM no agachamento (141,2±34,2 vs 132±34,9kg; p=0,007) e no supino (77,5±21,7 vs 71,7±17,7kg p=0,04). A RF no agachamento não sofreu efeito dos EFlex (16,2±5,7 vs 16,3±6,8 repetições p=0,48), porém, no supino a RF apresentou diminuição significante (11,7±4,8 vs 9,9±5,1 repetições; p=0,008). Portanto, os EFlex reduziram a FM nos membros inferiores e superiores e a RF somente nos membros superiores. Essa diferença na RF estaria relacionada ao volume de exercícios de flexibilidade pelo tamanho do grupo muscular

Acute effect of stretching exercises on upper and lower limbs maximum strength and strength endurance performance

This study investigated the acute effect of static stretching exercises (SSE) on maximum strength (MS) and strength endurance (SE) performance in lower and upper limbs. Thirteen volunteers participated in the study and were submitted to MS and SE (70% 1RM) tests in the bench press and squat exercises with or without SSE. The paired T test showed that the SSE decreased MS in the squat (141.2 +/- 34.2 vs 132 +/- 34.9kg, p=0.007) and in the BP (77.5 +/- 21.7 vs 71.7 +/- 17.7kg p=0.04). Squat SE was not affected by SSE (16.2 +/- 5.7 vs 16.3 +/- 6.8 repetitions p=0.48). On the other hand, bench press SE decreased significantly after SSE (11.7 +/- 4.8 vs 9.9 +/- 5.1 repetitions p=0.008). Therefore, SSE impaired MS performance on upper and lower limbs but SE was affected only on upper limbs. This difference in SE may be related to the stretching exercises volume applied to the size of each muscle group

Introdução de indígenas e quilombolas aos ambientes digitais de ensino da universidade

This work investigates the obstacles faced by Indigenous and Quilombo students at the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) when referring to academic tasks during the COVID-19 pandemic. With the need to switch over to remote activities, several students from these communities suffered problems because they did not have access to the teaching platforms. Therefore, a dialogue channel was created between Indigenous and Quilombo students, Affirmative Activities and Diversity Core, and PET Computac ̧ao from UFPel, aiming to investigate the challenges the students go through and help them to get comfortable with the UFPel’s virtual tools. Lastly, it is proposed the creation of an assistance system aiming at resources for those students who do not have access to technology.Este trabalho busca analisar os obstáculos enfrentados por alunos indígenas e quilombolas da OMITIDO PARA REVISÃO CEGA referente à realização de tarefas acadêmicas durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Com a adesão às atividades remotas, diversos alunos dessas comunidades enfrentaram problemas por não terem acesso às plataformas de estudo. Por isso, criou-se um canal de diálogo entre os alunos indígenas/quilombolas, membros do Núcleo de Ações Afirmativas e Diversidade e grupo PET Computação da OMITIDO PARA REVISÃO CEGA, a fim de investigar os desafios encontrados pelos alunos, além de auxiliar no uso de ferramentas digitais da OMITIDO PARA REVISÃO CEGA. Por fim, propõem-se a criação de auxílios para a viabilização de recursos aos alunos que não possuem acesso a tecnologias

Objective and subjective variables for monitoring of different season cycles in basketball players

The present study aimed to evaluate, compare and relate load and training tiredness during a periodization cycle in basketball players. Eight professional male athletes aged 21.9 ± 3.4 years, all of whom participated in the São Paulo basketball championship, special division, took part in this study. The macrocycle analyzed encompassed 19 weeks divided into the following periods: Preparatory, Competitive I, and Competitive II (having 4, 6, and 9 weeks, respectively). The authors daily evaluated the athletes on subjective perception of tiredness and training load and monitored the athletes' upper limb power by quantifying their ability to throw a medicine ball. Athletes presented less fatigue (p <0.005) in the Preparatory period (13.71 ± 1.30) compared with the Competitive I (14.68 ± 1.51) and Competitive II (14.63 ± 1.22) periods. Their ability to throw the medicine ball decreased (p <0.005) in the Competitive period II (3.59 ± 0.30) compared with the Preparatory (3.80 ± 0.36) and Competitive I (3.86 ± 0.26) periods. Their monotony decreased (p <0.001) in the Competitive period II (1.18 ± 0.43) compared with the Preparatory (2.50 ± 2.01) and Competitive I (2.10 ± 1.61) periods. The results revealed the effectiveness of monitoring load and tiredness of athletes by means of the proposed method to assist in training organization during a macrocycle.O presente estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar, comparar e relacionar carga e cansaço causado por treinamento durante um ciclo de periodização em jogadores de basquete. Oito atletas profissionais masculinos com idade de 21,9 ± 3,4 anos, todos participantes do Campeonato Paulista de Basquete, divisão especial, foram sujeitos deste estudo. O macrociclo analisado incluiu 19 semanas divididas nos seguintes períodos: preparatório, competitivo I e competitivo II (tendo 4,6 e nove semanas, respectivamente). Os autores avaliaram os atletas diariamente quanto à percepção subjetiva de cansaço e carga de treinamento e monitoraram a potência de membro superior dos atletas através da quantificação de sua capacidade de lançar uma bola medicinal. Os atletas apresentaram menos fadiga (p < 0,005) no período preparatório (13,71 ± 1,30) em comparação com os períodos competitivo I (14,68 ± 1,51) e competitivo II (14,63 ± 1,22). Sua habilidade de lançar a bola medicinal diminuiu (p < 0,005) no período competitivo II (3,59 ± 0,30) em comparação com os períodos preparatório (3,80 ± 0,36) e competitivo I (3,86 ± 0,26). Sua monotonia diminuiu (p < 0,001) no período competitivo II (1,18 ± 0,43) em comparação com o preparatório (2,50 ± 2,01) e competitivo I (2,10 ± 1,61). Os resultados revelaram a efetividade na monitoração da carga e cansaço dos atletas através do método proposto para auxiliar na organização do treinamento durante um macrociclo.229233Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Features of Neutrophils From Atopic and Non-Atopic Elite Endurance Runners

We collected peripheral blood from thirty-nine elite male endurance runners at rest (24 hours after the last exercise session) and used the Allergy Questionnaire for Athletes score and plasma specific IgE level to separate them into atopic and non-atopic athletes. Neutrophils obtained from atopic and non-atopic athletes were subsequently stimulated in vitro with fMLP (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), LPS (lipopolysaccharide), or PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate). Neutrophils from non-atopic runners responded appropriately to LPS, as evidenced by the production of pro (IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines. Neutrophils from atopic elite runners exhibited lower responses to LPS stimulus as indicated by no increase in IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 production. Neutrophils from non-atopic and atopic runners responded similarly to fMLP stimulation, indicating that migration function remained unaltered. Both groups were unresponsive to PMA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Training hours and training volume were not associated with neutrophil IgE receptor gene expression or any evaluated neutrophil function. Since non-atopic runners normally responded to LPS stimulation, the reduced neutrophil response to the stimuli was most likely due to the atopic state and not exercise training. The findings reported are of clinical relevance because atopic runners exhibit a constant decline in competition performance and are more susceptible to invading microorganisms