A transparência das entidades da ação governativa da educação em Portugal. Estudo da informação divulgada nos websites (2016 A 2020)

Mestrado em ContabilidadeNo contexto atual e com a facilidade de acesso à informação por parte do cidadão, a administração pública deve estar atenta a esta nova realidade, adotando formas de gestão que efetivem tais propósitos, incutindo assim uma melhor eficácia e transparência na sua atividade. O avanço tecnológico, no qual se inclui o uso da internet como meio adequado para tal, influencia a forma como é feita a divulgação da informação financeira, permitindo um acesso mais rápido a um maior número de utilizadores. Inicialmente não havia obrigação legal das entidades públicas informarem os cidadãos sobre as suas atividades, tendo a publicação da lei da transparência em 2016 alterado a forma e as condições de acesso a essa informação. O presente estudo pretende avaliar o nível da divulgação da informação financeira e não financeira conexa nos websites das entidades públicas da ação governativa da educação em Portugal, no período de 2016 a 2020, tendo-se recorrido à análise estatística descritiva e a testes de comparação não paramétricos. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que, apesar de se registar uma evolução positiva, a divulgação de informação nos websites das entidades da ação governativa da educação em Portugal é insuficiente, privilegiando a não financeira conexa em detrimento da financeira. Uma vez que os estudos sobre o caso português são escassos, esta investigação contribui para estudar as práticas de divulgação de informação nos portais que as entidades da ação governativa da educação realizam, de modo a promover a transparência e accountability na prestação de contas destas entidades.In the current context and with the easy access to information by citizens, public administration must be aware of this new reality, adopting forms of management that carry out such purposes, thus instilling better efficiency and transparency in its activity. Technological advances, which include the use of the internet as an adequate means for this, influence the way in which financial information is disclosed, allowing faster access to a greater number of users. Initially, there was no legal obligation for public entities to inform citizens about their activities, and the publication of the transparency law in 2016 changed the form and conditions of access to this information. This study aims at assessing the level of disclosure of financial and non-financial information on the websites of public entities of the government action of education in Portugal, in the period from 2016 to 2020, using descriptive statistical analysis and non-parametric comparison tests. The results obtained allow us to conclude that although there is a positive evolution to be registered, information disclosure in these specific websites is insufficient as related non-financial information is privileged over the financial one. Since studies on the Portuguese case are scarce, this investigation contributes to studying the practices of information disclosure on the portals that the entities involved in the governing action of education carry out, in order to promote transparency and accountability in these entities.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NURSING CARE FOR CHILDREN SUBMITTED TO CHEMOTHERAPY

Objective: to identify the main difficulties of the child submitted to the chemotherapy and discuss the nursing care to the child submitted to the chemotherapy. Methodos: a exploratory, qualitative, bibliographical study, accomplished at the Virtual Health Library (LILACS and BDENF), where was accomplished a pre-reading and selective reading, selecting 10 scientific productions, which was accomplished the interpretative reading and thematic analysis. Results: like this, was resulted in the following categories: the main difficulties of the child submitted to the chemotherapy, and the importance of the nursing care to the child submitted to the chemotherapy. Conclusion: the child underwent chemotherapy and his family need a continuous support, it is not easy to live or even monitor the entire process. It is important that the family and children are always well informed to minimize your anxieties and doubts, therefore, it’s ended that the nurse is an important mediator for the promotion of the health of the child submitted to the chemotherapy.Objetivo: identificar as principais dificuldades da criança submetida à quimioterapia e discutir o cuidado do enfermeiro à criança submetida à quimioterapia. Métodos: foi um estudo exploratório, qualitativo, bibliográfico, realizado na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (LILACS e BDENF), onde se realizou a pré-leitura e leitura seletiva, selecionando 10 produções científicas, os quais realizou-se a leitura interpretativa e análise temática. Resultados: assim, resultou-se nas seguintes categorias: principais dificuldades da criança submetida à quimioterapia, e a importância do cuidado de enfermagem à criança submetida à quimioterapia. Conclusão: a criança submetida à quimioterapia e sua família necessitam de um suporte continuo, pois não é nada fácil conviver ou até mesmo acompanhar todo esse processo. É importante que a família e a criança estejam sempre informados para poderem minimizar suas ansiedades e dúvidas, portanto, conclui-se que o enfermeiro é um importante mediador para a promoção de saúde da criança submetida à quimioterapia

Influence of hormonal replacement therapy in lipid peroxidation levels of postmenopausal women with different cardiovascular capacity

It has been suggested that exercise has a positive impact on the prevention and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). One of the main mechanisms is through the modification of lipoprotein levels and the risk of its oxidation, especially LDL lipoproteins. After menopause, women experience an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. In contrast, women receiving hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) seem to be protected. The aim of this study was to infer how HRT affect lipid peroxidation levels in postmenopausal women with different levels of aerobic fitness. Design & Method: Sixty four women participate in this study, 32 of them receive HRT (group with HRT – GWHRT) (average age¼55.9 years, average weight¼ 66.9 kg and average high¼156.0 cm) and the remained 32 women didn’t receive HRT (group without HRT – GWOHRT) (average age¼61.0 years, average weight¼ 67.6 kg and average high¼154.3 cm). Total cholesterol (mg dL71), HDL-cholesterol (mg dL71), LDL-cholesterol (mg dL71) and triglycerides levels (mg dL71) have been analyzed in serum obtained from a blood sample collected after 8 hours of fasting, and measured in Dr. Lange LP20 according to the specific manufacturer instructions. Serum MDA concentration (ng L71) was determined by spectrophotometric method. Aerobic capacity (VO2max ml kg71 min71) was assessed according to an adaptation of Bruce protocol. Differences between groups were tested through Student t-test. A Spearman correlation was performed in order to test variables associations. Significance level was established at 5%.Results: Our results have found differences between groups in age (t¼3.018; p50.01), in VO2max (t¼73.774; p50.01) and in serum MDA concentration (t¼6.750; p50.01). The GWHRT were younger, had a higher VO2max (31.38 for GWHRT and 26.19 for GWOHRT), and had lower levels of serum MDA concentration (0.29 for GWHRT and 0.73 for GWOHRT) comparatively with those women from the GWOHRT. However, our results failed to find any differences between groups regarding serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol or BMI. In this study, serum MDA concentration didn’t correlate with higher levels of lipid profile, as we might have expected, but correlate inversely with HRT (r¼7.726, p¼.00) and with VO2max (r¼7.287, p¼.02). Conclusion: Our results suggest that HRT should exert an antioxidant protective effect against lipid peroxidation, as well as exercise perhaps through the stimulation of antioxidant capacity

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Síndrome do coração Pós-feriado: pacientes acometidos por arritmia cardíaca em detrimento do consumo exagerado de álcool: Post Holiday coração Syndrome: patients suffered by cardiac arrhythmia to the detriment of exaggerated alcohol consumption

INTRODUÇÃO: O álcool é conhecido por beneficiar o sistema cardiovascular com a ativação do sistema fibrinolítico, redução da agregação de plaquetas e aperfeiçoamento do perfil lipídico, entre outros mecanismos, quando consumido em doses moderadas. Todavia, seu uso de maneira abusiva culmina em patologias graves que podem evoluir para a morte, como a hipertensão arterial, a cardiomiopatia alcoólica, a arritmia cardíaca e até a “Síndrome do Coração Pós Feriado” ou do inglês, “Holiday Heart Syndrome”. OBJETIVOS: O presente estudo tem como objetivo delinear sobre a Síndrome do Coração Pós Feriado, transpassando por suas características clínicas, repercussões eletrofisiológicas, diagnóstico e manejo terapêutico. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Dessa forma, o presente trabalho realizou uma revisão sistemática qualitativa, realizado no período entre julho e agosto de 2022, através de artigos das bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed). RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: A interação do álcool no organismo está diretamente relacionada com o sistema nervoso autônomo do indivíduo, gerando um estado de desequilíbrio autonômico, assim há alterações elétricas, como acréscimo da frequência cardíaca, gerando um estado de taquicardia. A principal patologia encontrada em questão foi a taquicardia sinusal, sendo um tipo de arritmia e por conseguinte, notou-se a presença da fibrilação atrial, sendo o excesso no consumo de etanol é causador de aproximadamente 67% dos casos de emergências desta última enfermidade. CONCLUSÃO: Portanto, com base na literatura analisada, observou-se que a ingestão alcoólica aguda age retardando o sistema de condução cardíaco, atua no encurtamento do período refratário e o aumento da atividade simpática, além de aumentar os níveis de catecolaminas circulantes. Por fim, também se evidenciou uma associação entre álcool e fatores de risco, principalmente hipertensão e obesidade e essas patologias aumentam os episódios de fibrilação atrial

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio