Absolute lymphocyte count predicts the response to new H1N1 vaccination in pediatric cancer patients

Item does not contain fulltextWe measured the vaccination response to the new H1N1 in relation to lymphocyte count prior to vaccination in pediatric cancer patients. Absolute lymphocyte count above the lower normal limits (LNL) for age prior to vaccination predicts the response to influenza vaccination in pediatric cancer patients treated with chemotherapy

Human herpesvirus-6 DNAemia is a sign of impending primary CMV infection in CMV sero-discordant renal transplantations

<p>Background: Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) frequently reactivates in immunocompromized individuals. Most commonly HHV-6 DNA is detected without organ localized disease. This HHV-6 DNAemia usually occurs in patients who also have CMV reactivations. The question if reactivation of one virus causes reactivation of the other, or whether both viruses reactivate independently, cannot be answered in populations with high seroprevalence for both viruses. Our study is the first in which 35 patients have been included who were CMV seronegative prior to transplantation.</p><p>Objective: We investigated the occurrence of HHV-6 reactivations in relation to the CMV-serostatus of renal transplantation donor and recipient.</p><p>Study design: 9 consecutive patients receiving a renal transplantation were included. All available stored whole blood samples were tested for HHV-6 DNA by quantitative PCR. Details including CMV serostatus of donor and recipient were recorded.</p><p>Results: CMV-seropositive recipients have a 68% chance of developing HHV-6 DNAemia if the kidney came from a CMV-seropositive donor, compared to 26% if the kidney came from a CMV-seronegative donor. CMV-seronegative recipients, who are bound to undergo primary CMV infections following transplantation with a renal graft from a CMV-seropositive donor, have 88% chance of developing HHV-6 DNAemia. If they receive a graft from a CMV-seronegative donor the chance of developing HHV-6 DNAemia is 22%.</p><p>Conclusion: Receiving a renal transplant from a CMV-seropositive donor increases the chance of developing HHV-6 DNAemia. HHV-6 DNAemia is a sign of impending primary CMV infections following sero-discordant renal transplantations. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>

Prevalence and molecular mechanism of macrolide resistance in beta-haemolytic streptococci in The Netherlands.

Contains fulltext : 89634.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)The prevalence of resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin as well as the presence of the resistance genes mef(A), mef(E), erm(A) and erm(B) were determined in 1076 consecutive isolates of beta-haemolytic streptococci of Lancefield groups A (n=219), B (n=562),C (n=58) and G (n=237) collected during 2005 and 2006. The prevalence of macrolide resistance was highest in group C streptococci (6.9%), followed by group B (5.3%), group G (4.6%) and group A (1.4%). Eighty-eight percent of resistance was mediated by erm(A) and erm(B) genes. Macrolide resistance in beta-haemolytic streptococci in The Netherlands is low, but increasing macrolide resistance was observed in group B streptococci.1 juni 201

Predictive Performance of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Algorithms in People Living With HIV

Immunogenetics and cellular immunology of bacterial infectious disease

A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands.

We discovered a highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 in the Netherlands. One hundred nine individuals with this variant had a 0.54 to 0.74 log &lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; increase (i.e., a ~3.5-fold to 5.5-fold increase) in viral load compared with, and exhibited CD4 cell decline twice as fast as, 6604 individuals with other subtype-B strains. Without treatment, advanced HIV-CD4 cell counts below 350 cells per cubic millimeter, with long-term clinical consequences-is expected to be reached, on average, 9 months after diagnosis for individuals in their thirties with this variant. Age, sex, suspected mode of transmission, and place of birth for the aforementioned 109 individuals were typical for HIV-positive people in the Netherlands, which suggests that the increased virulence is attributable to the viral strain. Genetic sequence analysis suggests that this variant arose in the 1990s from de novo mutation, not recombination, with increased transmissibility and an unfamiliar molecular mechanism of virulence

Human immunodeficiency virus continuum of care in 11 european union countries at the end of 2016 overall and by key population: Have we made progress?

Background. High uptake of antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and related mortality; however, gaps in care exist. We aimed to construct the continuum of HIV care (CoC) in 2016 in 11 European Union (EU) countries, overall and by key population and sex. To estimate progress toward the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90-90-90 target, we compared 2016 to 2013 estimates for the same countries, representing 73% of the population in the region. Methods. A CoC with the following 4 stages was constructed: number of people living with HIV (PLHIV); proportion of PLHIV diagnosed; proportion of those diagnosed who ever initiated ART; and proportion of those ever treated who achieved viral suppression at their last visit. Results. We estimated that 87% of PLHIV were diagnosed; 92% of those diagnosed had ever initiated ART; and 91% of those ever on ART, or 73% of all PLHIV, were virally suppressed. Corresponding figures for men having sex with men were: 86%, 93%, 93%, 74%; for people who inject drugs: 94%, 88%, 85%, 70%; and for heterosexuals: 86%, 92%, 91%, 72%. The proportion suppressed of all PLHIV ranged from 59% to 86% across countries. Conclusions. The EU is close to the 90-90-90 target and achieved the UNAIDS target of 73% of all PLHIV virally suppressed, significant progress since 2013 when 60% of all PLHIV were virally suppressed. Strengthening of testing programs and treatment support, along with prevention interventions, are needed to achieve HIV epidemic control

Children living with HIV in Europe: do migrants have worse treatment outcomes?

International audienceTo assess the effect of migrant status on treatment outcomes among children living with HIV in Europe