Bio-decolourization of textile effluent containing Reactive Black-B by effluent-adapted and non-adapted bacteria

Release of coloured textile effluents is undesirable in the aquatic environment as they reduce light penetration, thereby affecting aquatic life and limits utilization of the water media. Microbial bioremediation is an alternative treatment option available other than the commonly employed physicochemical and biological methods to treat these toxic effluents. This study investigated the potentials of certain selected effluent soil-adapted and non-adapted bacteria to decolourize an actual textile effluentthat contained the diazo dye compound Reactive Black-B. Five effluent-adapted and four non-adapted bacterial isolates were tested. The results show that effluent-adapted strains were better candidates for decolourizing the effluent than the non-adapted species

Unilateral contact dermatitis of the chest

Unusual distributions of contact dermatitis often lead to identification of the offending agent. We present a case of unilateral dermatitis of the chest developing in a patient with a history of allergy to metal. A name tag attached magnetically to his work uniform was identified as the cause of the eruption. Unilateral eruption of the chest can be a manifestation of allergic contact dermatitis to metal objects in breast pockets or attached to clothing

Forecasting Stock Time-Series using Data Approximation and Pattern Sequence Similarity

Time series analysis is the process of building a model using statistical techniques to represent characteristics of time series data. Processing and forecasting huge time series data is a challenging task. This paper presents Approximation and Prediction of Stock Time-series data (APST), which is a two step approach to predict the direction of change of stock price indices. First, performs data approximation by using the technique called Multilevel Segment Mean (MSM). In second phase, prediction is performed for the approximated data using Euclidian distance and Nearest-Neighbour technique. The computational cost of data approximation is O(n ni) and computational cost of prediction task is O(m |NN|). Thus, the accuracy and the time required for prediction in the proposed method is comparatively efficient than the existing Label Based Forecasting (LBF) method [1].Comment: 11 page

Transmural intestinal wall permeability in severe ischemia after enteral protease inhibition.

In intestinal ischemia, inflammatory mediators in the small intestine's lumen such as food byproducts, bacteria, and digestive enzymes leak into the peritoneal space, lymph, and circulation, but the mechanisms by which the intestinal wall permeability initially increases are not well defined. We hypothesize that wall protease activity (independent of luminal proteases) and apoptosis contribute to the increased transmural permeability of the intestine's wall in an acutely ischemic small intestine. To model intestinal ischemia, the proximal jejunum to the distal ileum in the rat was excised, the lumen was rapidly flushed with saline to remove luminal contents, sectioned into equal length segments, and filled with a tracer (fluorescein) in saline, glucose, or protease inhibitors. The transmural fluorescein transport was determined over 2 hours. Villi structure and epithelial junctional proteins were analyzed. After ischemia, there was increased transmural permeability, loss of villi structure, and destruction of epithelial proteins. Supplementation with luminal glucose preserved the epithelium and significantly attenuated permeability and villi damage. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors (doxycycline, GM 6001), and serine protease inhibitor (tranexamic acid) in the lumen, significantly reduced the fluorescein transport compared to saline for 90 min of ischemia. Based on these results, we tested in an in-vivo model of hemorrhagic shock (90 min 30 mmHg, 3 hours observation) for intestinal lesion formation. Single enteral interventions (saline, glucose, tranexamic acid) did not prevent intestinal lesions, while the combination of enteral glucose and tranexamic acid prevented lesion formation after hemorrhagic shock. The results suggest that apoptotic and protease mediated breakdown cause increased permeability and damage to the intestinal wall. Metabolic support in the lumen of an ischemic intestine with glucose reduces the transport from the lumen across the wall and enteral proteolytic inhibition attenuates tissue breakdown. These combined interventions ameliorate lesion formation in the small intestine after hemorrhagic shock

Non-descent vaginal hysterectomy in previous cesarean section: a retrospective study of 30 cases

Background: Non-Descent Vaginal Hysterectomy (NDVH) is removal of uterus through vagina in non-prolapsed uterus. Objective of present study was to assess safety, feasibility of NDVH in patients with previous cesarean section.Methods: Retrospective study was conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara (SDM) College of Medical Sciences, Dharwad, India from April 2008 to June 2016. Effort was made to perform hysterectomies vaginally in women with benign conditions with history of one, two or three caesarean sections. Information regarding age, parity, number of previous LSCS, uterine size, blood loss, duration of operation, difficulties in separating bladder, intra -operative, post-operative complications were recorded.Results: Total thirty cases were selected for NDVH with history of one, two and three cesarean sections. All successfully underwent NDVH, except one in which bladder injury occurred which was repaired at same time vaginally. Thirteen patients had previous one Lower Segment Cesarean Section (LSCS), sixteen had two LSCS and one had three LSCS. Commonest indication was abnormal uterine bleeding followed by leiomyoma of uterus. Mean duration of surgery was 97 min. Mean blood loss was 150 ml. Post-operative complications were minimal. Patient mobility, resumption of daily activities was fast. Mean hospital stay was 4-5 days.Conclusions: Vaginal hysterectomy is safe, cost effective method of hysterectomy in women with previous cesarean section scar requiring hysterectomy for benign conditions with fewer complications, shorter hospital stay and less morbidity

Modified purandare’s cervicopexy-a conservative surgery for genital prolapse: a retrospective study

Background: Purandare described a technique for the surgical treatment of genital prolapse in young women in 1965. This technique of cervicopexy is easy to perform and provides dynamic support to the uterus. The objective of study is to evaluate the role of modified Purandare’s cervicopexy in the treatment of genital prolapse in reproductive age group and to study the pregnancy outcome and fertility in patients who have undergone modified Purandare’s sling surgery.Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2015, 20 women in the reproductive age (mean age 30.5 years, range 24 to 37 years) underwent modified Purandare’s cervicopexy at Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara (SDM) College of Medical Sciences, Dharwad, India. Of these, 2 (10%) patients were nulligravida, 7 (35%) were primipara and 11 (55%) were multigravida. Four (20%) women had associated infertility. Additional surgeries like tubectomy were performed in 4 (20%) women, tubal patency test in 3 (15%), ovarian drilling in 2 (10%) and myomectomy in 2 (22.2%) women, and cystocele repair was done in 4 women (20%).Results: All 20 patients were analysed for intraoperative and postoperative complications. All were followed up for mean duration of 12 months. There were no reported intra or post-operative complications. Out of 4 infertile women, 2 conceived spontaneously 6 months after the surgery. Of these, one delivered successfully at term by lower segment caesarean section and other by normal vaginal delivery. One woman conceived 8 months after the surgery spontaneously, antenatally followed for 3 months and then later was lost to follow-up. There was no recurrence of prolapse.Conclusions: Nulliparous prolapse can be treated by various surgical procedures, each having their own merits and de-merits. Our modification of Purandare’s cervicopexy is simple, effective and is less technically demanding

Inference of viral quasispecies with a paired de Bruijn graph

Motivation: RNA viruses exhibit a high mutation rate and thus they exist in infected cells as a population of closely related strains called viral quasispecies. The viral quasispecies assembly problem asks to characterize the quasispecies present in a sample from high-throughput sequencing data. We study the de novo version of the problem, where reference sequences of the quasispecies are not available. Current methods for assembling viral quasispecies are either based on overlap graphs or on de Bruijn graphs. Overlap graph-based methods tend to be accurate but slow, whereas de Bruijn graph-based methods are fast but less accurate. Results: We present viaDBG, which is a fast and accurate de Bruijn graph-based tool for de novo assembly of viral quasispecies. We first iteratively correct sequencing errors in the reads, which allows us to use large k-mers in the de Bruijn graph. To incorporate the paired-end information in the graph, we also adapt the paired de Bruijn graph for viral quasispecies assembly. These features enable the use of long-range information in contig construction without compromising the speed of de Bruijn graph-based approaches. Our experimental results show that viaDBG is both accurate and fast, whereas previous methods are either fast or accurate but not both. In particular, viaDBG has comparable or better accuracy than SAVAGE, while being at least nine times faster. Furthermore, the speed of viaDBG is comparable to PEHaplo but viaDBG is able to retrieve also low abundance quasispecies, which are often missed by PEHaplo.Peer reviewe

Sustainable land use planning in post war areas using geo- informatics as tools

Proper land use planning is indispensable for the sustainable economic development in the war affected areas. Impacts of war always result in drastic change in the present land use practices of a region. Migration of people is the major factor induced in the transformation of (and use. Geo informatics (Geographic Information System, Remote sensing and Global Positioning System) can be used as a powerful tool for sustainable land use planning in the post war regions. Sustainable land use planning in post war regions involves two stages a) Creation of database (Spatial and non-spatial) and b) Planning with the help of decision support systems. Creation of database involves identifying natural resources using satellite images, preparation of various thematic maps (soil map, geomorphology map, geology map, topographical map, vegetation map and present land use map), surveying using sophisticated instruments and collecting general information's! population, Climate and land ownership) from the local administration. Effective planning can be made using GIS and remote sensing which involves identifying disaster free sites for settlements, creating ecology conserved zones and building basic infrastructures. Occupation creation and restoration are also parts of sustainable land use planning. Restoring people to their own lands, providing basic infrastructures, natural resource management and creating income to the people are the major themes of sustainable land use planning. Land use planning in post war areas using GIS as a decision support systems are able to bring out a sustainable and more efficient land use pattern than in the pre war period