6,587 research outputs found
First Results from the AMoRE-Pilot neutrinoless double beta decay experiment
The Advanced Molybdenum-based Rare process Experiment (AMoRE) aims to search
for neutrinoless double beta decay (0) of Mo with
100 kg of Mo-enriched molybdenum embedded in cryogenic detectors
with a dual heat and light readout. At the current, pilot stage of the AMoRE
project we employ six calcium molybdate crystals with a total mass of 1.9 kg,
produced from Ca-depleted calcium and Mo-enriched molybdenum
(CaMoO). The simultaneous detection of
heat(phonon) and scintillation (photon) signals is realized with high
resolution metallic magnetic calorimeter sensors that operate at milli-Kelvin
temperatures. This stage of the project is carried out in the Yangyang
underground laboratory at a depth of 700 m. We report first results from the
AMoRE-Pilot search with a 111 kgd live exposure of
CaMoO crystals. No evidence for
decay of Mo is found, and a upper limit is set for the
half-life of 0 of Mo of y at 90% C.L.. This limit corresponds to an effective
Majorana neutrino mass limit in the range eV
Quantum teleportation via a W state
We investigate two schemes of the quantum teleportation with a state,
which belongs to a different class from a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger class. In
the first scheme, the state is shared by three parties one of whom, called
a sender, performs a Bell measurement. It is shown that quantum information of
an unknown state is split between two parties and recovered with a certain
probability. In the second scheme, a sender takes two particles of the
state and performs positive operator valued measurements in two ways. For two
schemes, we calculate the success probability and the average fidelity. We show
that the average fidelity of the second scheme cannot exceed that of the first
one.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
"Nonbaryonic" Dark Matter as Baryonic Color Superconductor
We discuss a novel cold dark matter candidate which is formed from the
ordinary quarks during the QCD phase transition when the axion domain wall
undergoes an unchecked collapse due to the tension in the wall. If a large
number of quarks is trapped inside the bulk of a closed axion domain wall, the
collapse stops due to the internal Fermi pressure. In this case the system in
the bulk, may reach the critical density when it undergoes a phase transition
to a color superconducting phase with the ground state being the quark
condensate, similar to the Cooper pairs in BCS theory. If this happens, the new
state of matter representing the diquark condensate with a large baryon number
becomes a stable soliton-like configuration. Consequently, it
may serve as a novel cold dark matter candidate.Comment: Title changed. Two figures and Appendix added. Part on baryogenesis
is removed and posted as a separate paper hep-ph/030908
Particle Probe of Horava-Lifshitz Gravity
Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity is probed through
particle geodesics. Gravitational force of KS black hole becomes weaker than
that of Schwarzschild around horizon and interior space. Particles can be
always scattered or trapped in new closed orbits, unlike those falling forever
in Schwarzschild black. The properties of null and timelike geodesics are
classified with values of coupling constants. The precession rates of the
orbits are evaluated. The time trajectories are also classified under different
values of coupling constants for both null and timelike geodesics. Physical
phenomena that may be observable are discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
IL-32γ inhibits cancer cell growth through inactivation of NF-κB and STAT3 signals
Several studies have shown physiological functions of interleukin (IL)-32, a novel cytokine. However, the role of IL-32 in cancer development has not been reported. In this study, we showed that IL-32γ inhibited tumor growth in IL-32γ-overexpressing transgenic mice inoculated with melanoma as well as colon tumor growth in xenograft nude mice inoculated with IL-32γ-transfected colon cancer cells (SW620). The inhibitory effect of IL-32γ on tumor growth was associated with the inhibition of constitutive activated nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) and of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). The expression of antiapoptotic, cell proliferation and tumor-promoting genes (bcl-2, X-chromosome inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP), cellular IAP and cellular FADD-like IL-1β-converting enzyme-inhibitory protein, cyclin D), cyclin-dependent kinase 4, cycolooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase was decreased, whereas the expression of apoptotic target genes (caspase-3 and -9, bax) increased. In tumor, spleen and blood, the number of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and CD57+ natural killer cells and the levels of IL-10 increased, but that of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β and IL-6 decreased. We also found that forced overexpression of IL-32γ inhibited colon cancer cell (SW620 and HCT116) growth accompanied with the inhibition of activated NF-κB and STAT3 in vitro. In addition, when IL-32γ was knocked down by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or neutralized with an anti-IL-32γ antibody, IL-32γ-induced colon cancer cell growth inhibition, the IL-32γ-induced decrease of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 production, and the increase of IL-10 production were abolished. However, siRNA of NF-κB and STAT3 augmented IL-32γ-induced colon cancer cell growth inhibition. These findings indicate significant pathophysiological roles of IL-32γ in cancer development
Lifshitz spacetimes from AdS null and cosmological solutions
We describe solutions of 10-dimensional supergravity comprising null
deformations of with a scalar field, which have
Lifshitz symmetries. The bulk Lifshitz geometry in 3+1-dimensions arises by
dimensional reduction of these solutions. The dual field theory in this case is
a deformation of the N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. We discuss the holographic
2-point function of operators dual to bulk scalars. We further describe
time-dependent (cosmological) solutions which have anisotropic Lifshitz scaling
symmetries. We also discuss deformations of in 11-dimensional
supergravity, which are somewhat similar to the solutions above. In some cases
here, we expect the field theory duals to be deformations of the Chern-Simons
theories on M2-branes stacked at singularities.Comment: Latex, 29pgs, v3. references, minor clarifications (subsection on
Lifshitz geometry seen by scalar probes) added, to appear in JHE
Physics at a 100 TeV pp collider: Higgs and EW symmetry breaking studies
This report summarises the physics opportunities for the study of Higgs
bosons and the dynamics of electroweak symmetry breaking at the 100 TeV pp
collider.Comment: 187 pages, 94 figures. Chapter 2 of the "Physics at the FCC-hh"
Repor
Quantum-critical pairing with varying exponents
We analyse the onset temperature T_p for the pairing in cuprate
superconductors at small doping, when tendency towards antiferromagnetism is
strong. We consider the model of Moon and Sachdev (MS), which assumes that
electron and hole pockets survive in a paramagnetic phase. Within this model,
the pairing between fermions is mediated by a gauge boson, whose propagator
remains massless in a paramagnet. We relate the MS model to a generic
\gamma-model of quantum-critical pairing with the pairing kernel \lambda
(\Omega) \propto 1/\Omega^{\gamma}. We show that, over some range of
parameters, the MS model is equivalent to the \gamma-model with \gamma =1/3
(\lambda (\Omega) \propto \Omega^{-1/3}). We find, however, that the parameter
range where this analogy works is bounded on both ends. At larger deviations
from a magnetic phase, the MS model becomes equivalent to the \gamma-model with
varying \gamma >1/3, whose value depends on the distance to a magnetic
transition and approaches \gamma =1 deep in a paramagnetic phase. Very near the
transition, the MS model becomes equivalent to the \gamma-model with varying
\gamma <1/3. Right at the magnetic QCP, the MS model is equivalent to the
\gamma-model with \gamma =0+ (\lambda (\Omega) \propto \log \Omega), which is
the model for color superconductivity. Using this analogy, we verified the
formula for T_c derived for color superconductivity.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, submitted to JLTP for a focused issue on Quantum
Phase Transition
Holographic zero sound at finite temperature in the Sakai-Sugimoto model
In this paper, we study the fate of the holographic zero sound mode at finite
temperature and non-zero baryon density in the deconfined phase of the
Sakai-Sugimoto model of holographic QCD. We establish the existence of such a
mode for a wide range of temperatures and investigate the dispersion relation,
quasi-normal modes, and spectral functions of the collective excitations in
four different regimes, namely, the collisionless quantum, collisionless
thermal, and two distinct hydrodynamic regimes. For sufficiently high
temperatures, the zero sound completely disappears, and the low energy physics
is dominated by an emergent diffusive mode. We compare our findings to
Landau-Fermi liquid theory and to other holographic models.Comment: 1+24 pages, 19 figures, PDFTeX, v2: some comments and references
added, v3: some clarifications relating to the different regimes added,
matches version accepted for publication in JHEP, v4: corrected typo in eq.
(3.18
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