A Study on the Word ‘Hong’ (Red) in the Final 40 Chapters of A Dream of Red Chambers

This research paper is based on the text edited by Feng Qiyong’s A Collection of Eight Schools of Criticism on Hong Lou Meng(《八家評批紅樓夢》). It was published by Culture and Arts Press, Beijing in September, 1991. The focus areas of this paper: A Study on the Word ‘Hong’ (Red) in the final 40 Chapters of A Dream of Red Chambers are as follows: 1.1 Frequency of occurence: The number of occurences of the word ‘Hong’ (Red) in the text of the final forty chapters is 159. In one of the Chapters,the occurrences of the word ‘Hong’ (Red) is 0 and it is the lowest number of occurrences.In another chapter, the word ‘Hong’ (Red) occurs 20 times, which is the highest frequencies of all the chapters. 0, 5, 7, 20 frequencies of occurences occurs once only in chapter 105, 82, 102 and 88, the least number of the chapters it occurs. There are nine chapters with only once occurrences of the word ‘Hong’ (Red) among the final forty chapters, the highest occurrences of the chapters. 1.2 Morphological formation: There are 22 words formed through the morphological formation based on morpheme ‘Hong’ (Red).Out of the 22 words, 13 are bisyllabic words, 4 are trisyllabic words and 5 are tetrasyllabic words respectively. 1.3 Structural approach: There are 5 structural types of the bisyllabic word namely subject predicate type, modifier type, predicate object type, joint type and embedded type; The two types of trisyllabic word are modified type and embedded type. The three types of tetrasyllabic word are modified type, joint type and embedded type. 1.4 Collocation productivity: There are 33 phrases formed from the word ‘Hong’ (Red) or morpheme ‘Hong’ (Red). They are categorized into 7 syllabic formation patterns and 5 morphological patterns. 1.5 Syntactic functions: There are 19 examples of using the monosyllabic word’Hong’ (Red) as the syntactic components of the 5 sentences. The polysyllabic words constructed from the morpheme ‘Hong’ (Red) are shown in various syntactic functions. 1.6 Lexical expansion: The monosyllabic word “Hong” has four different meanings. The polysyllabic words constructed from the morpheme ‘Hong’ (Red) has 18 single meanings and the other four with two different meanings. 33 phrases are constructed from the the word ‘Hong’ (Red) or the morpheme ‘Hong’ (Red). ‘Hong’ (Red) contains polysemous meaning in 3 phrases, whereas the rest are monosemous. 1.7 Semantic structure: There are 6 meaning categories for the monosyllabic word ‘Hong’ (Red) and the polysyllabic words formed by ‘Hong’ (Red). The six meaning categories can be categorized into 4 levels. 1.8 Cultural connotation: There are four cultural connotations for the word ‘Hong’ (Red) in the text. Key words: A Dream of Red Chambers; The Final 40 Chapters; The Word ‘Hong’ (Red); The Meanings of the Word ‘Hong’ (Red); Cultural Connotation

Validation of a rapid and sensitive LC-MS/ MS method for determination of exemestane and its metabolites, 17β-hydroxyexemestane and 17β-hydroxyexemestane-17-O-β-D-glucuronide: Application to human pharmacokinetics study

10.1371/journal.pone.0118553PLoS ONE103e011855

Evaluating the Impact of Drug Dispensing Systems on the Safety and Efficiency in a Singapore Outpatient Pharmacy

Purpose: Automation of pharmacy workflow can reduce medication errors as well as improve efficiency of the medication picking, packing and labeling process. Since September 2012, two drug dispensing systems (DDS) began operations in the Singapore General Hospital Specialist Outpatient Clinic Pharmacy. This study sought to evaluate the impact of the DDS on safety and efficiency in the pharmacy. Methods: The primary outcome was the rate of prevented dispensing incidents contributed by DDS or manual picking of medications defined as the number of prevented dispensing incidents per 1000 medications picked. The secondary outcome was the productivity of each full time equivalent (FTE) when assigned to either the DDS or manual picking stations. Data pertaining to the primary and secondary outcomes between January and December 2013 were collected and analyzed. The rate of prevented dispensing incidents was expressed in median (interquartile range) and compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Other continuous variables were expressed in mean ± standard deviation and compared using independent samples t-test. Results: An average of 59494 medications was picked every month in the pharmacy. DDS accounted for 21.1 percent while manual picking accounted for 78.9 percent of all the medications picked. The median rate of prevented dispensing incidents per month committed by manual picking (2.73) was significantly higher than the DDS (0.00). DDS had greater productivity with each FTE in the DDS having an average of 6175 picks per month which was significantly higher than each FTE in the manual picking stations which had an average of 4867 picks per month. Conclusion: Installation of DDS in an outpatient pharmacy improved safety of the pharmacy workflow by automating the medication picking, packing and labeling process and minimizing human errors. Efficiency of the medication picking, packing and labeling process was also improved by the DDS as there were continuous efforts to boost their productivity as well as being more reliable and better able to handle fluctuations in patient load

Evaluating the Impact of Drug Dispensing Systems on the Safety and Efficiency in a Singapore Outpatient Pharmacy

Purpose: Automation of pharmacy workflow can reduce medication errors as well as improve efficiency of the medication picking, packing and labeling process. Since September 2012, two drug dispensing systems (DDS) began operations in the Singapore General Hospital Specialist Outpatient Clinic Pharmacy. This study sought to evaluate the impact of the DDS on safety and efficiency in the pharmacy. Methods: The primary outcome was the rate of prevented dispensing incidents contributed by DDS or manual picking of medications defined as the number of prevented dispensing incidents per 1000 medications picked. The secondary outcome was the productivity of each full time equivalent (FTE) when assigned to either the DDS or manual picking stations. Data pertaining to the primary and secondary outcomes between January and December 2013 were collected and analyzed. The rate of prevented dispensing incidents was expressed in median (interquartile range) and compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Other continuous variables were expressed in mean ± standard deviation and compared using independent samples t-test. Results: An average of 59494 medications was picked every month in the pharmacy. DDS accounted for 21.1 percent while manual picking accounted for 78.9 percent of all the medications picked. The median rate of prevented dispensing incidents per month committed by manual picking (2.73) was significantly higher than the DDS (0.00). DDS had greater productivity with each FTE in the DDS having an average of 6175 picks per month which was significantly higher than each FTE in the manual picking stations which had an average of 4867 picks per month. Conclusion: Installation of DDS in an outpatient pharmacy improved safety of the pharmacy workflow by automating the medication picking, packing and labeling process and minimizing human errors. Efficiency of the medication picking, packing and labeling process was also improved by the DDS as there were continuous efforts to boost their productivity as well as being more reliable and better able to handle fluctuations in patient load.   Type: Original Researc

eLingua : Issue 2 : August 2015 / Academy of Language Studies

1. Hari Raya ‘Potluck’ Gathering 2015 2. Blended Learning & e-content (BLeC) UiTM Pulau Pinang 3. PhD Research Methodology (North Zone) 2015: PhD on Time 4. Our Victorious Team at KIK UiTMPP 2015 5. OBE Workshop 6. Editing Workshop for English Lecturers 7. APB MUET Seminar 2015 8. UiTM Kedah Colloquium 2015 9. eAttendance Workshop 10. A Day to Remembers UiTM PENANG ENGLISH LANGUAGE DAY 2015 11. Activity: Whose line is it anyway? (Movie Dubbing) 12. Activity: Lights, Camera, Action (Role-play) 13. ‘Program Khidmat Masyarakat APB UiTMPP 2015’ 14. URBAN French in Penang 15. Invention, Innovation & Design Exposition (iidex) 2015 16. Is There A Connection Altogether? 17. Menjadi Seorang Pakar Dalam Pengurusan Wang 18. From Bukit Mertajam to Padang Besar with Lov

The leukoaraiosis is more prevalent in the large artery atherosclerosis stroke subtype among Korean patients with ischemic stroke

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Several studies have suggested that the specific stroke subtype may influence the presence of leukoaraiosis in patients with ischemic stroke. We investigated the association between stroke subtype and leukoaraiosis in Korean patients with ischemic stroke by MRI.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>There were 594 patients included in this study that were classified as large artery disease, lacune and cardioembolic stroke. For large-artery disease, the analysis focused on the intracranial or extracranial location of the stenosis, and the multiplicity of the stenotic lesions. Leukoaraiosis grading was performed according to the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was a significant association between leukoaraiosis and the stroke subtypes; the large-artery-disease group had a higher prevalence of leukoaraiosis than did the other groups (55.4% in the large-artery-disease group, 30.3% in the lacunar group and 14.3% in the cardioembolic group, P = 0.016 by chi-square test). On the multivariate linear regression analysis, age, the presence of hypertension, previous stroke and stroke subtype were independently associated with the presence of leukoaraiosis. In the sub analysis of the large-artery-disease group, the leukoaraiosis had a tendency to be more prevalent in the mixed and intracranial stenosis group than did the extracranial stenosis group (45.5% in the mixed group, 40.3% in the intracranial group and 26.9% in the extracranial group, P = 0.08 by chi-square test).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The association of leukoaraiosis with large-artery disease in this study might be due to the relatively high prevalence of intracranial occlusive lesions in Korean stroke patients compared to other ethnic groups.</p

Effect of Cangrelor on Infarct Size in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated By Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial (The PITRI Trial)

Background: The administration of intravenous cangrelor at reperfusion achieves faster onset of platelet P2Y12 inhibition than oral ticagrelor and has been shown to reduce myocardial infarct (MI) size in the pre-clinical setting. We hypothesized that the administration of cangrelor at reperfusion will reduce MI size and prevent microvascular obstruction (MVO) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods: This was a Phase 2, multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial conducted between November 2017 to November 2021 in six cardiac centers in Singapore (NCT03102723). Patients were randomized to receive either cangrelor or placeboinitiated prior to the PPCI procedure on top of oral ticagrelor. The key exclusion criteria included: presenting <6 hours of symptom onset, prior MI and stroke or transient ischemic attack; on concomitant oral anticoagulants; and a contraindication for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). The primary efficacy endpoint was acute MI size by CMR within the first week expressed as percentage of the left ventricle mass ( %LVmass). MVO was identified as areas of dark core of hypoenhancement within areas of late gadolinium enhancement. The primary safety endpoint was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC)-defined major bleeding in the first 48 hours. Continuous variables were compared by Mann-Whitney U test [reported as median (1st quartile- 3rd quartile)] and categorical variables were compared by Fisher's exact test. A 2-sided P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 209 recruited patients, 164 patients (78% ) completed the acute CMR scan. There were no significant differences in acute MI size [placebo: 14.9 (7.3 - 22.6) %LVmass versus cangrelor: 16.3 (9.9 - 24.4)%LVmass, P=0.40] or the incidence [placebo: 48% versus cangrelor: 47%, P=0.99] and extent of MVO [placebo:1.63 (0.60 - 4.65)%LVmass versus cangrelor: 1.18 (0.53 - 3.37)%LVmass, P=0.46] between placebo and cangrelor despite a two-fold decrease in platelet reactivity with cangrelor. There were no BARC-defined major bleeding events in either group in the first 48 hours. Conclusions: Cangrelor administered at time of PPCI did not reduce acute MI size or prevent MVO in STEMI patients given oral ticagrelor despite a significant reduction of platelet reactivity during the PCI procedure

Glucuronidation by UGT1A1 Is the Dominant Pathway of the Metabolic Disposition of Belinostat in Liver Cancer Patients

10.1371/journal.pone.0054522PLoS ONE81