1,620 research outputs found
Possible cosmological implications in electrodynamics due to variations of the fine structure constant
Astronomical observations are suggesting that the fine structure constant
varies cosmologically. We present an analysis on the consequences that these
variations might induce on the electromagnetic field as a whole. We show that
under these circumstances the electrodynamics in vacuum could be described by
two fields, the ``standard'' Maxwell's field and a new scalar field. We provide
a generalised Lorentz force which can be used to test our results
experimentally.Comment: 7 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in Rev. Mex. Fis. (Some
extra information included, references added and small corrections made to
the original version
Optimal Joins Using Compact Data Structures
Worst-case optimal join algorithms have gained a lot of attention in the database literature. We now count with several algorithms that are optimal in the worst case, and many of them have been implemented and validated in practice. However, the implementation of these algorithms often requires an enhanced indexing structure: to achieve optimality we either need to build completely new indexes, or we must populate the database with several instantiations of indexes such as B+-trees. Either way, this means spending an extra amount of storage space that may be non-negligible.
We show that optimal algorithms can be obtained directly from a representation that regards the relations as point sets in variable-dimensional grids, without the need of extra storage. Our representation is a compact quadtree for the static indexes, and a dynamic quadtree sharing subtrees (which we dub a qdag) for intermediate results. We develop a compositional algorithm to process full join queries under this representation, and show that the running time of this algorithm is worst-case optimal in data complexity. Remarkably, we can extend our framework to evaluate more expressive queries from relational algebra by introducing a lazy version of qdags (lqdags). Once again, we can show that the running time of our algorithms is worst-case optimal
Optimized generation of spatial qudits by using a pure phase spatial light modulator
We present a method for preparing arbitrary pure states of spatial qudits,
namely, D-dimensional (D > 2) quantum systems carrying information in the
transverse momentum and position of single photons. For this purpose, a set of
D slits with complex transmission are displayed on a spatial light modulator
(SLM). In a recent work we have shown a method that requires a single
phase-only SLM to control independently the complex coefficients which define
the quantum state of dimension D. The amplitude information was codified by
introducing phase gratings inside each slit and the phase value of the complex
transmission was added to the phase gratings. After a spatial filtering process
we obtained in the image plane the desired qudit state. Although this method
has proven to be a good alternative to compact the previously reported
architectures, it presents some features that could be improved. In this paper
we present an alternative scheme to codify the required phase values that
minimizes the effects of temporal phase fluctuations associated to the SLM
where the codification is carried on. In this scheme the amplitudes are set by
appropriate phase gratings addressed at the SLM while the relative phases are
obtained by a lateral displacement of these phase gratings. We show that this
method improves the quality of the prepared state and provides very high
fidelities of preparation for any state. An additional advantage of this scheme
is that a complete 2\pi modulation is obtained by shifting the grating by one
period, and hence the encoding is not limited by the phase modulation range
achieved by the SLM. Numerical simulations, that take into account the phase
fluctuations, show high fidelities for thousands of qubit states covering the
whole Bloch sphere surface. Similar analysis are performed for qudits with D =
3 and D = 7.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure
APLF (C2orf13) is a novel component of poly(ADP-ribose) signaling in mammalian cells
APLF is a novel protein of unknown function that accumulates at sites of chromosomal DNA strand breakage via forkhead-associated (FHA) domain-mediated interactions with XRCC1 and XRCC4. APLF can also accumulate at sites of chromosomal DNA strand breaks independently of the FHA domain via an unidentified mechanism that requires a highly conserved C-terminal tandem zinc finger domain. Here, we show that the zinc finger domain binds tightly to poly(ADP-ribose), a polymeric posttranslational modification synthesized transiently at sites of chromosomal damage to accelerate DNA strand break repair reactions. Protein poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is tightly regulated and defects in either its synthesis or degradation slow global rates of chromosomal single-strand break repair. Interestingly, APLF negatively affects poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in vitro, and this activity is dependent on its capacity to bind the polymer. In addition, transient overexpression in human A549 cells of full-length APLF or a C-terminal fragment encoding the tandem zinc finger domain greatly suppresses the appearance of poly(ADP-ribose), in a zinc finger-dependent manner. We conclude that APLF can accumulate at sites of chromosomal damage via zinc finger-mediated binding to poly(ADP-ribose) and is a novel component of poly(ADP-ribose) signaling in mammalian cells
Conditional purity and quantum correlation measures in two qubit mixed states
We analyze and show experimental results of the conditional purity, the
quantum discord and other related measures of quantum correlation in mixed
two-qubit states constructed from a pair of photons in identical polarization
states. The considered states are relevant for the description of spin pair
states in interacting spin chains in a transverse magnetic field. We derive
clean analytical expressions for the conditional local purity and other
correlation measures obtained as a result of a remote local projective
measurement, which are fully verified by the experimental results. A simple
exact expression for the quantum discord of these states in terms of the
maximum conditional purity is also derived.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, minor changes, to be published in J. Phys.
Missouri River history, floodplain construction, and soil formation in southwestern Iowa
The Platte River has influenced the Missouri River below the mouth of the Platte by contributing sizable suspended and coarser-textured bed loads. Consequently, the Missouri River has been and is a braided stream in a reach about 43 miles long below the mouth of the Platte. In this reach the channel is wider, is less sinuous, has greater low-water slope profile, and contains numerous bars and islands. The Otoe Bend area, in this reach of the Missouri River near the southwestern corner of Iowa, has inherited these channel characteristics.
By use of historic maps and aerial photographs, the lateral shifting of the river channel at Otoe Bend may be reconstructed. Adjustments of scale and geographic locations must be made to compare features of all maps and aerial photographs to the present landforms in the area. The older maps usually are not as accurate as present-day cartography with photogrammetric field control. Within the different levels of cartographic accuracy, however, correlation of landforms can be made by similarity of features or similarity of sequences of features
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