2,647 research outputs found

    The explosion of supernova 2011fe in the frame of the core-degenerate scenario

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    We argue that the properties of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2011fe can be best explained within the frame of the core-degenerate (CD) scenario. In the CD scenario a white dwarf (WD) merges with the core of an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star and forms a rapidly rotating WD, with a mass close to and above the critical mass for explosion. Rapid rotation prevents immediate collapse and/or explosion. Spinning down over a time of 0-10 Gyr brings the WD to explosion. A very long delayed explosion to post-crystallization phase, which lasts for about 2 Gyr leads to the formation of a highly carbon-enriched outer layer. This can account for the carbon-rich composition of the fastest-moving ejecta of SN 2011fe. In reaching the conclusion that the CD scenario best explains the observed properties of SN 2011fe we consider both its specific properties, like a very compact exploding object and carbon rich composition of the fastest-moving ejecta, and the general properties of SNe Ia.Comment: Accepted by MNRAS Letter

    Quiescent nuclear burning in low-metallicity white dwarfs

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    We discuss the impact of residual nuclear burning in the cooling sequences of hydrogen-rich DA white dwarfs with very low metallicity progenitors (Z=0.0001Z=0.0001). These cooling sequences are appropriate for the study of very old stellar populations. The results presented here are the product of self-consistent, fully evolutionary calculations. Specifically, we follow the evolution of white dwarf progenitors from the zero-age main sequence through all the evolutionary phases, namely the core hydrogen-burning phase, the helium-burning phase, and the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch phase to the white dwarf stage. This is done for the most relevant range of main sequence masses, covering the most usual interval of white dwarf masses --- from 0.53\, M_{\sun} to 0.83\, M_{\sun}. Due to the low metallicity of the progenitor stars, white dwarfs are born with thicker hydrogen envelopes, leading to more intense hydrogen burning shells as compared with their solar metallicity counterparts. We study the phase in which nuclear reactions are still important and find that nuclear energy sources play a key role during long periods of time, considerably increasing the cooling times from those predicted by standard white dwarf models. In particular, we find that for this metallicity and for white dwarf masses smaller than about 0.6\, M_{\sun}, nuclear reactions are the main contributor to the stellar luminosity for luminosities as low as \log(L/L_{\sun})\simeq -3.2. This, in turn, should have a noticeable impact in the white dwarf luminosity function of low-metallicity stellar populations.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letter

    Terrorism as a Global Threat: Models and Defence Strategies

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    Este texto corresponde à comunicação de abertura da Conferência “Terrorism as a Global Threat” em que se procura fazer um enquadramento geral sobre as várias vertentes do terrorismo internacional e o desenvolvimento da Conferência que teve lugar no IDN. É de particular importância toda a evolução ocorrida depois de 11 de Setembro, mas também os antecedentes da Al Qaeda criada em Março de 88 e o resumo de acções de sucesso das medidas contra-terroristas que de um modo quase sempre discreto conseguiram diminuir a capacidade operacional daquela organização. Por outro lado, os objectivos do terrorismo transnacional encontram-se em todo o mundo com consequências muito gravosas na economia e no turismo

    Paz e Segurança

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    O texto “Paz e Segurança” dentro do contexto “Regular o Global” pretende primeiramente apresentar as grandes alterações qualitativas do mundo actual, a desregulação que existe no sistema internacional, o facto de a única ideologia hoje existente ser a do mercado e a necessidade de serem definidas regras que permitam alguma regulação. Simultaneamente nesta competição pelos mercados e pela influência política existe o risco de um afastamento perigoso entre os EUA e (parte) a União Europeia, o que convém contrariar mantendo- se um enquadramento de segurança e defesa que integre as duas partes

    Caminhos para uma segurança alargada em Portugal

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    Companies’ Response to Consumerization and their Motivation Factors for Implementation

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    The use of private-owned technological devices for professional activities is an even frequent and inevitable phenomenon. The variety of gadgets, the lack of control about their getting into the enterprise’s network and accessing information stands a growing challenge for Information Technology management and for the entire organization. By using a qualitative approach (content analysis) to examine cases of success in the acceptance of consumerization, this work aims to identify some motivation factors based in real experiences. Based on these factors, an organizational motivation profile classification emerges. Finally, a diagram based on Information System success is proposed intending to call for further research concerning consumerization

    Timor e a geo-política regional

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    Physical activities and barriers reported by adolescents attending a health service

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    This study characterized the physical activity and barriers reported by adolescents attending the Physical Education service of the Adolescent Care and Support Center, São Paulo, Brazil. An exploratory study was conducted using anamnesis data from 118 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years seen between April 2005 and June 2008. The following aspects were analyzed according to gender and age group: participation in leisure-time physical activities and physical education classes, physical activity preferences, and barriers to preferred physical activity. Data are reported as frequencies and were compared by Fisher's exact test. Enjoying physical activities was reported by 93.2% of the adolescents, whereas 50.8% did not perform any physical activity during their leisure time. The lack of participation in school physical education classes predominated among older adolescents of both genders. Games and team games were the preferred activities, irrespective of gender or age. The lack of company or friends and the lack of places were the most frequently reported barriers to preferred physical activity. The results highlight the importance of a health service program for adolescents that promotes, guides, and supports a more active lifestyle.O estudo caracterizou a atividade física e as barreiras referidas dos adolescentes atendidos pelo Centro de Atendimento e Apoio ao Adolescente (São Paulo/SP), em seu ambulatório de Educação Física. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, com dados das anamneses de 118 adolescentes com idade de 10 a 19 anos, atendidos entre abril de 2005 e junho de 2008. Analisaram-se, segundo gênero e faixa etária: participação em atividades físicas de lazer e na Educação Física escolar, atividades físicas preferidas e barreiras para a prática da atividade física preferida. Descreveram-se os dados por meio de frequências, comparadas por meio do Teste Exato de Fisher. Relataram gostar de atividades físicas 93,2% dos adolescentes, mas 50,8% não praticavam atividades físicas no lazer. Houve maior número de relatos de não participação na Educação Física escolar entre os adolescentes mais velhos, em ambos os gêneros. Brincadeiras e jogos coletivos foram as atividades preferidas, independentemente de gênero e idade. Falta de suporte social ou ambiental foi o motivo mais importante para não praticar a atividade física preferida. Os resultados sustentam a importância de um serviço para adolescentes que promova, oriente e suporte um estilo de vida mais ativo.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Pediatria. Especialidades Pediátricas Centro de Atendimento e Apoio ao AdolescenteUNIFESP, Depto. de Pediatria. Especialidades Pediátricas Centro de Atendimento e Apoio ao AdolescenteSciEL
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