Travailler en équipe : une compétence qui se développe par la pédagogie coopérative

À l’ère des nouvelles technologies et de la mondialisation, Forbes ou le World Economic Forum déterminent que travailler en équipe est la cinquième compétence la plus recherchée chez les employeurs. Ce projet d’innovation émane de questionnements quant à l’importance accordée pour le travail en équipe par les techniciens d’intervention en loisir (TIL) et leur capacité à répondre aux exigences fixées par le marché du travail, à leur sortie de l’école. Pour les enseignants, le projet relève le défi d’amener des étudiants à maîtriser cette compétence professionnelle essentielle, alors que celle-ci ne fait pas partie du cursus prévu par le Ministère de l’Éducation et de l’Enseignement Supérieur (MÉES) en Techniques de gestion et d’intervention en loisir (TGIL). Cet article met en lumière l’expérimentation réalisée dans le cadre d’une maîtrise en enseignement au collégial (MEC), suivant la démarche Scolarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) et ayant pour objectif de démontrer si l’utilisation d’une stratégie pédagogique précise peut avoir une influence sur l’acquisition de connaissances et le développement d’une compétence donnée

A stochastic individual based model for the growth of a stand of Japanese knotweed including mowing as a management technique

Invasive alien species are a growing threat for environment and health. They also have a major economic impact, as they can damage many infrastructures. The Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), present in North America, Northern and Central Europe as well as in Australia and New Zealand, is listed by the World Conservation Union as one of the world's worst invasive species. So far, most models have dealt with how the invasion spreads without management. This paper aims at providing a model able to study and predict the dynamics of a stand of Japanese knotweed taking into account mowing as a management technique. The model we propose is stochastic and individual-based, which allows us taking into account the behaviour of individuals depending on their size and location, as well as individual stochasticity. We set plant dynamics parameters thanks to a calibration with field data, and study the influence of the initial population size, the mean number of mowing events a year and the management project duration on mean area and mean number of crowns of stands. In particular, our results provide the sets of parameters for which it is possible to obtain the stand eradication, and the minimal duration of the management project necessary to achieve this latter

A qualitative impairment in face perception in Alzheimer’s disease : evidence from a reduced face inversion effect

Prevalent face recognition difficulties in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have typically been attributed to the underlying episodic and semantic memory impairment. The aim of the current study was to determine if AD patients are also impaired at the perceptual level for faces, more specifically at extracting a visual representation of an individual face. To address this question, we investigated the matching of simultaneously presented individual faces and of other nonface familiar shapes (cars), at both upright and inverted orientation, in a group of mild AD patients and in a group of healthy older controls matched for age and education. AD patients showed a reduced inversion effect (i.e., larger performance for upright than inverted stimuli) for faces, but not for cars, both in terms of error rates and response times. While healthy participants showed a much larger decrease in performance for faces than for cars with inversion, the inversion effect did not differ significantly for faces and cars in AD. This abnormal inversion effect for faces was observed in a large subset of individual patients with AD. These results suggest that AD patients have deficits in higher-level visual processes, more specifically at perceiving individual faces, a function that relies on holistic representations specific to upright face stimuli. These deficits, combined with their memory impairment, may contribute to the difficulties in recognizing familiar people that are often reported in patients suffering from the disease and by their caregivers

Response of the International Homeopathic Society of Supportive Care in Oncology (SHISSO) to the contribution request by the High Authority for Health (HAS) for the evaluation of homeopathic medicines

Introduction : Dans le cadre de sa mission d’évaluation du médicament homéopathique, la Haute Autorité de Santé a lancé un appel à contribution. La Société Homéopathique Internationale de Soins de Support en Oncologie (SHISSO) a été retenue en tant que société savante. Méthode : Un groupe de travail de 8 membres de la SHISSO, composé de médecins, pharmaciens et oncologues homéopathes a répondu à chacune des 5 questions posées par la HAS. Nous nous sommes appuyés sur la littérature scientifique existante et sur notre expérience de cliniciens. Résultats : Première thérapeutique complémentaire en cancérologie, l’homéopathie est utilisée par 30 % des patients atteints de cancer dans une démarche uniquement intégrative. Le degré de satisfaction global des patients est très élevé, une amélioration est signalée dans plus de 66 % des cas pour les 10 principaux symptômes rencontrés en soins de support. Les meilleures indications sont celles pour lesquelles les réponses conventionnelles sont manquantes. L’absence de toxicité et d’interaction médicamenteuse (effets secondaires rares et spontanément réversibles), l’absence de perte de chance, de dépendance et d’accoutumance conduisent à une balance bénéfice/risque très favorable pour le médicament homéopathique. Conclusion : L’homéopathie est un élargissement de la thérapeutique médicale conventionnelle. Elle s’inscrit parfaitement dans l’interdisciplinarité d’une oncologie intégrative mettant le patient au coeur du système de soin. L’amélioration de la qualité de vie et la diminution des effets secondaires permet une meilleure tolérance et observance des traitements du cancer. Des études devraient être menées pour comparer la qualité de vie mais aussi le taux de survie global avec ou sans traitement complémentaire homéopathique.Introduction: As part of its mission to evaluate homeopathic medicine, the High Authority for Health has launched a request for contributions. The International Homeopathic Society for Supportive Care in Oncology (SHISSO) has been selected as a learned society. Method: An 8-member working group of SHISSO, made up of homeopathic doctors, pharmacists and oncologists specialising in homeopathy, answered each of the 5 questions asked by the HAS. We relied on existing scientific literature and our experience as clinicians. Results: As the foremost complementary therapy in oncology, homeopathy is used by 30% of cancer patients in a wholly integrative approach. The overall degree of satisfaction of the patients is very high; an improvement is reported in more than 66% of cases for the 10 main symptoms encountered in supportive care. The best indications are those for which there exist no conventional responses. The absence of toxicity and drug interaction (rare and spontaneously reversible side effects), the absence of loss of opportunity, of dependence and addiction lead to a very favourable risk/benefit balance for homeopathic medicines. Conclusion: Homeopathy is an extension of conventional medical therapy. It fits perfectly within the interdisciplinary nature of integrative oncology, putting the patient at the heart of the care system. The improved quality of life and the decrease in side effects allow a better tolerance and observance of cancer treatments. Studies should be carried out to compare the overall survival rate with or without homeopathic complementary therapy

Modèle des fonctions d'aide un pont entre la théorie et la pratique /

Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 3 oct. 2013

Functional interdependence of BRD4 and DOT1L in MLL leukemia.

Targeted therapies against disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like (DOT1L) and bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. However, the mechanisms by which BRD4 and DOT1L regulate leukemogenic transcription programs remain unclear. Using quantitative proteomics, chemoproteomics and biochemical fractionation, we found that native BRD4 and DOT1L exist in separate protein complexes. Genetic disruption or small-molecule inhibition of BRD4 and DOT1L showed marked synergistic activity against MLL leukemia cell lines, primary human leukemia cells and mouse leukemia models. Mechanistically, we found a previously unrecognized functional collaboration between DOT1L and BRD4 that is especially important at highly transcribed genes in proximity to superenhancers. DOT1L, via dimethylated histone H3 K79, facilitates histone H4 acetylation, which in turn regulates the binding of BRD4 to chromatin. These data provide new insights into the regulation of transcription and specify a molecular framework for therapeutic intervention in this disease with poor prognosis

Lack of CT scanner in a rural emergency department increases inter-facility transfers: a pilot study

Abstract Objective Rural emergency departments (EDs) are an important gateway to care for the 20% of Canadians who reside in rural areas. Less than 15% of Canadian rural EDs have access to a computed tomography (CT) scanner. We hypothesized that a significant proportion of inter-facility transfers from rural hospitals without CT scanners are for CT imaging. Our objective was to assess inter-facility transfers for CT imaging in a rural ED without a CT scanner. Results We selected a rural ED that offers 24/7 medical care with admission beds but no CT scanner. Descriptive statistics were collected from 2010 to 2015 on total ED visits and inter-facility transfers. Data was accessible through hospital and government databases. Between 2010 and 2014, there were respectively 13,531, 13,524, 13,827, 12,883, and 12,942 ED visits, with an average of 444 inter-facility transfers. An average of 33% (148/444) of inter-facility transfers were to a rural referral centre with a CT scan, with 84% being for CT scan. Inter-facility transfers incur costs and potential delays in patient diagnosis and management, yet current databases could not capture transfer times. Acquiring a CT scan may represent a reasonable opportunity for the selected rural hospital considering the number of required transfers

A stochastic individual-based model for the growth of a stand of Japanese knotweed including mowing as a management technique

International audienceInvasive alien species are a growing threat for the environment and health. They also have a major economic impact, as they can damage many infrastructures. The Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), present in North America, Northern and Central Europe as well as in Australia and New Zealand, is listed by the World Conservation Union as one of the world's worst invasive species. So far, most models have dealt with the knotweed invasion without management. This paper aims to provide a model able to study and predict the dynamics of a stand of Japanese knotweed taking into account mowing as a management technique. The model is stochastic and individual-based, which allows us to take into account the behaviour of individuals depending on their size and location, as well as individual stochasticity. We set plant dynamics parameters based on a calibration with field data and studied the influence of the initial population size, the mean number of mowing events a year and the management project duration on the mean area and mean number of crowns. The results provide the sets of parameters for which it is possible to obtain stand eradication, and the minimum duration of the management project necessary to achieve this

Temporary application of Lower Body Positive Pressure improves intracranial velocities in symptomatic acute carotid occlusion or tight stenosis: a pilot study

International audienceBackground: Patients with isolated cervical carotid artery occlusion not eligible to recanalization therapies but with compromised intracranial hemodynamics may be at risk of further clinical events. Apart from lying flat until spontaneous recanalization or adjustment of the collateral circulation hopefully occurs, no specific treatment is currently implemented. Improving collateral flow is an attractive option in this setting. Lower body positive pressure (LBPP) is known to result in rapid venous blood shift from the lower to the upper body part, in turn improving cardiac preload and output, and is routinely used in acute hemorrhagic shock. We report here cerebral blood flow velocities measured during LBPP in this patient population.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the clinical, physiological, and transcranial Doppler monitoring data collected during and 15 min after LBPP in 21 consecutive patients (10 females, median age: 54 years) with recently symptomatic isolated carotid occlusion/tight stenosis (unilateral in 18) mostly due to atherosclerosis or dissection. LBPP was applied for 90 min at a median 5 days after symptom onset.Results: At baseline, middle-cerebral artery velocities were markedly lower on the symptomatic, as compared to asymptomatic, side. LBPP significantly improved blood flow velocities in both the symptomatic and asymptomatic middle-cerebral artery as well as the basilar artery, which persisted 15 min after discontinuing the procedure. LBPP also resulted in mild but significant increases in mean arterial blood pressure.Conclusions: LBPP improved intracranial hemodynamics downstream recently symptomatic carotid occlusion/tight stenosis as well as in the contralateral and posterior circulations, which persisted after LBPP deflation. Randomized trials should determine if this easy-to-use, noninvasive, nonpharmacologic approach has long-lasting benefits on the intracranial circulation and improves functional outcome