93 research outputs found
Effect of biologically oriented preparation technique on the stress concentration of endodontically treated upper central incisor restored with zirconia crown: 3d-fea
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of biologically oriented preparation technique on the stress concentration of endodontically treated upper central incisors restored with zirconia crown (yttria-stabilized zirconia polycrystalline ceramic) through finite element analysis (FEA). Four models of maxillary central incisors containing enamel, dentin, periodontal ligament, cortical and medullary bone were created in CAD. Each model received a polymeric core-build up with nanofilled dental resin composite. The evaluated models were SMâpreparation in shoulder 90°; CMâchamfer preparation; BOPTâbiologically oriented preparation technique and BOPTBâBOPT preparation 1 mm below the cement-enamel junction. All models received zirconia crowns (5Y-TZP), fiberglass post and 1 mm ferrule. The models were imported into the analysis software with parameters for mechanical structural testing using the maximum principal stress and the tensile strength as the analysis criteria. Then, load of 150 N was applied at the cingulum with 45° slope to the long axis of the tooth, with the fixed base for each model. The type of marginal preparation affected the stresses concentration in endodontically treated teeth and in the zirconia crown margin. Considering the stress magnitude only, BOPT is a viable option for anterior monolithic zirconia crowns; however, with the highest stress magnitude at the restoration margin
A persistent excess of galaxy-galaxy strong lensing observed in galaxy clusters
Previous studies have revealed that the estimated probability of
galaxy-galaxy strong lensing in observed galaxy clusters exceeds the
expectations from the Cold Dark Matter cosmological model by one
order of magnitude. We aim to understand the origin of this excess by analyzing
a larger set of simulated galaxy clusters and investigating how the theoretical
expectations vary under different adopted prescriptions and numerical
implementations of star formation and feedback in simulations. We perform a
ray-tracing analysis of 324 galaxy clusters from the Three Hundred project,
comparing the Gadget-X and Gizmo-Simba runs. These simulations, which start
from the same initial conditions, are performed with different implementations
of hydrodynamics and galaxy formation models tailored to match different
observational properties of the Intra-Cluster-Medium and cluster galaxies. We
find that galaxies in the Gizmo-Simba simulations develop denser stellar cores
than their Gadget-X counterparts. Consequently, their probability for
galaxy-galaxy strong lensing is higher by a factor of . This increment
is still insufficient to fill the gap with observations, as a discrepancy by a
factor still persists. In addition, we find that several simulated
galaxies have Einstein radii that are too large compared to observations. We
conclude that a persistent excess of galaxy-galaxy strong lensing exists in
observed galaxy clusters. The origin of this discrepancy with theoretical
predictions is still unexplained in the framework of the cosmological
hydrodynamical simulations. This might signal a hitherto unknown issue with
either the simulation methods or our assumptions regarding the standard
cosmological model.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication on A&A Letters. See
companion paper Srivastava et al. (2023
Galaxies in the central regions of simulated galaxy clusters
In this paper, we assess the impact of numerical resolution and of the
implementation of energy input from AGN feedback models on the inner structure
of cluster sub-haloes in hydrodynamic simulations. We compare several zoom-in
re-simulations of a sub-sample of the cluster-sized haloes studied in
Meneghetti et al. (2020), obtained by varying mass resolution, softening length
and AGN energy feedback scheme. We study the impact of these different setups
on the subhalo abundances, their radial distribution, their density and mass
profiles and the relation between the maximum circular velocity, which is a
proxy for subhalo compactness. Regardless of the adopted numerical resolution
and feedback model, subhaloes with masses Msub < 1e11Msun/h, the most relevant
mass-range for galaxy-galaxy strong lensing, have maximum circular velocities
~30% smaller than those measured from strong lensing observations of Bergamini
et al. (2019). We also find that simulations with less effective AGN energy
feedback produce massive subhaloes (Msub> 1e11 Msun/h ) with higher maximum
circular velocity and that their Vmax - Msub relation approaches the observed
one. However the stellar-mass number count of these objects exceeds the one
found in observations and we find that the compactness of these simulated
subhaloes is the result of an extremely over-efficient star formation in their
cores, also leading to larger-than-observed subhalo stellar mass. We conclude
that simulations are unable to simultaneously reproduce the observed stellar
masses and compactness (or maximum circular velocities) of cluster galaxies.
Thus, the discrepancy between theory and observations that emerged from the
analysis of Meneghetti et al. (2020) persists. It remains an open question as
to whether such a discrepancy reflects limitations of the current
implementation of galaxy formation models or the LCDM paradigm.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, abstract is redacted to fit arXiv character
count limi
The probability of galaxy-galaxy strong lensing events in hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy clusters
Meneghetti et al. (2020) recently reported an excess of galaxy-galaxy strong
lensing (GGSL) in galaxy clusters compared to expectations from the LCDM
cosmological model. Theoretical estimates of the GGSL probability are based on
the analysis of numerical hydrodynamical simulations in the LCDM cosmology. We
quantify the impact of the numerical resolution and AGN feedback scheme adopted
in cosmological simulations on the predicted GGSL probability and determine if
varying these simulation properties can alleviate the gap with observations. We
repeat the analysis of Meneghetti et al. (2020) on cluster-size halos simulated
with different mass and force resolutions and implementing several independent
AGN feedback schemes. We find that improving the mass resolution by a factor of
ten and twenty-five, while using the same galaxy formation model that includes
AGN feedback, does not affect the GGSL probability. We find similar results
regarding the choice of gravitational softening. On the contrary, adopting an
AGN feedback scheme that is less efficient at suppressing gas cooling and star
formation leads to an increase in the GGSL probability by a factor between
three and six. However, we notice that such simulations form overly massive
subhalos whose contribution to the lensing cross-section would be significant
while their Einstein radii are too large to be consistent with the
observations. The primary contributors to the observed GGSL cross-sections are
subhalos with smaller masses, that are compact enough to become critical for
lensing. The population with these required characteristics appears to be
absent in simulations.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures. Submitted for publication on Astronomy and
Astrophysic
Segmental transverse colectomy. Minimally invasive versus open approach: results from a multicenter collaborative study
none65noThe role of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of transverse colon cancer is still controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the advantages of a totally laparoscopic technique comparing open versus laparoscopic/robotic approach. Three hundred and eighty-eight patients with transverse colon cancer, treated with a segmental colon resection, were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data, tumor stage, operative time, intraoperative complications, number of harvested lymph nodes and recovery outcomes were recorded. Recurrences and death were also evaluated during the follow-up. No differences were found between conventional and minimally invasive surgery, both for oncological long-term outcomes (recurrence rate p = 0.28; mortality p = 0.62) and postoperative complications (overall rate p = 0.43; anemia p = 0.78; nausea p = 0.68; infections p = 0.91; bleeding p = 0.62; anastomotic leak p = 0.55; ileus p = 0.75). Nevertheless, recovery outcomes showed statistically significant differences in favor of minimally invasive surgery in terms of time to first flatus (p = 0.001), tolerance to solid diet (p = 0.017), time to first mobilization (p = 0.001) and hospital stay (p = 0.004). Compared with laparoscopic approach, robotic surgery showed significantly better results for time to first flatus (p = 0.001), to first mobilization (p = 0.005) and tolerance to solid diet (p = 0.001). Finally, anastomosis evaluation confirmed the superiority of intracorporeal approach which showed significantly better results for time to first flatus (p = 0.001), to first mobilization (p = 0.003) and tolerance to solid diet (p = 0.001); moreover, we recorded a statistical difference in favor of intracorporeal approach for infection rate (p = 0.04), bleeding (p = 0.001) and anastomotic leak (p = 0.03). Minimally invasive approach is safe and effective as the conventional open surgery, with comparable oncological results but not negligible advantages in terms of recovery outcomes. Moreover, we demonstrated that robotic approach may be considered a valid option and an intracorporeal anastomosis should always be preferred.noneMilone, Marco; Degiuli, Maurizio; Velotti, Nunzio; Manigrasso, Michele; Vertaldi, Sara; D'Ugo, Domenico; De Palma, Giovanni Domenico; Dario Bruzzese, Giuseppe Servillo, Giuseppe De Simone, Katia Di Lauro, Silvia Sofia, Marco Ettore Allaix, Mario Morino, Rossella Reddavid, Carlo Alberto Ammirati, Stefano Scabini, Gabriele Anania, Cristina Bombardini, Andrea Barberis, Roberta Longhin, Andrea Belli, Francesco Bianco, Giampaolo Formisano, Giuseppe Giuliani, Paolo Pietro Bianchi, Davide Cavaliere, Leonardo Solaini, Claudio Coco, Gianluca Rizzo, Andrea Coratti, Raffaele De Luca, Michele Simone, Alberto Di Leo, Giovanni De Manzoni, Paola De Nardi, Ugo Elmore, Riccardo Rosati, Andrea Vignali, Paolo Delrio, Ugo Pace, Daniela Rega, Antonio Di Cataldo, Giovanni Li Destri, Annibale Donini, Luigina Graziosi, Andrea Fontana, Michela Mineccia, Sergio Gentilli, Manuela Monni, Mario Guerrieri, Monica Ortenzi, Francesca Pecchini, Micaela Piccoli, Italy. Corrado Pedrazzani, Giulia Turri, Sara Pollesel, Franco Roviello, Marco Rigamonti, Michele Zuolo, Mauro Santarelli, Federica Saraceno, Pierpaolo Sileri Giuseppe Sigismondo Sica, Luigi Siragusa Salvatore Pucciarelli, Matteo ZuinMilone, Marco; Degiuli, Maurizio; Velotti, Nunzio; Manigrasso, Michele; Vertaldi, Sara; D'Ugo, Domenico; De Palma, Giovanni Domenico; Dario Bruzzese, Giuseppe Servillo, Giuseppe De Simone, Katia Di Lauro, Silvia Sofia, Marco Ettore Allaix, Mario Morino, Rossella Reddavid, Carlo Alberto Ammirati, Stefano Scabini, Gabriele Anania, Cristina Bombardini, Andrea Barberis, Roberta Longhin, Andrea Belli, Francesco Bianco, Giampaolo Formisano, Giuseppe Giuliani, Paolo Pietro Bianchi, Davide Cavaliere, Leonardo Solaini, Claudio Coco, Gianluca Rizzo, Andrea Coratti, Raffaele De Luca, Michele Simone, Alberto Di Leo, Giovanni De Manzoni, Paola De Nardi, Ugo Elmore, Riccardo Rosati, Andrea Vignali, Paolo Delrio, Ugo Pace, Daniela Rega, Antonio Di Cataldo, Giovanni Li Destri, Annibale Donini, Luigina Graziosi, Andrea Fontana, Michela Mineccia, Sergio Gentilli, Manuela Monni, Mario Guerrieri, Monica Ortenzi, Francesca Pecchini, Micaela Piccoli, Italy. Corrado Pedrazzani, Giulia Turri, Sara Pollesel, Franco Roviello, Marco Rigamonti, Michele Zuolo, Mauro Santarelli, Federica Saraceno, Pierpaolo Sileri Giuseppe Sigismondo Sica, Luigi Siragusa Salvatore Pucciarelli, Matteo Zui
Annali storici di Principato Citra, A. 7, n. 1.1 (2009)
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SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity are associated with genetic variants affecting gene expression in a variety of tissues
Variability in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity between individuals is partly due to
genetic factors. Here, we identify 4 genomic loci with suggestive associations for SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility
and 19 for COVID-19 disease severity. Four of these 23 loci likely have an ethnicity-specific component.
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals in 11 loci colocalize with expression quantitative trait loci
(eQTLs) associated with the expression of 20 genes in 62 tissues/cell types (range: 1:43 tissues/gene),
including lung, brain, heart, muscle, and skin as well as the digestive system and immune system. We perform
genetic fine mapping to compute 99% credible SNP sets, which identify 10 GWAS loci that have eight or fewer
SNPs in the credible set, including three loci with one single likely causal SNP. Our study suggests that the
diverse symptoms and disease severity of COVID-19 observed between individuals is associated with variants across the genome, affecting gene expression levels in a wide variety of tissue types
Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
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