Patient-Reported Outcome and Quality of Life Instruments Database (PROQOLID): Frequently asked questions

The exponential development of Patient-Reported Outcomes (PRO) measures in clinical research has led to the creation of the Patient-Reported Outcome and Quality of Life Instruments Database (PROQOLID) to facilitate the selection process of PRO measures in clinical research. The project was initiated by Mapi Research Trust in Lyon, France. Initially called QOLID (Quality of Life Instruments Database), the project's purpose was to provide all those involved in health care evaluation with a comprehensive and unique source of information on PRO and HRQOL measures available through the Internet. PROQOLID currently describes more than 470 PRO instruments in a structured format. It is available in two levels, non-subscribers and subscribers, at . The first level is free of charge and contains 14 categories of basic useful information on the instruments (e.g. author, objective, original language, list of existing translations, etc.). The second level provides significantly more information about the instruments. It includes review copies of over 350 original instruments, 120 user manuals and 350 translations. Most are available in PDF format. This level is only accessible to annual subscribers. PROQOLID is updated in close collaboration with the instruments' authors on a regular basis. Fifty or more new instruments are added to the database annually. Today, all of the major pharmaceutical companies, prestigious institutions (such as the FDA, the NIH's National Cancer Institute, the U.S. Veterans Administration), dozens of universities, public institutions and researchers subscribe to PROQOLID on a yearly basis. More than 800 users per day routinely visit the database

Conversion électro-optique du signal et découplage actif d'un capteur IRM endoluminal à liaison optique

International audienceUne boucle endoluminale radiofréquence (RF) située à proximité de la zone à examiner permet d'avoir localement un rapport signal sur bruit élevé qui peut être mis à profit pour augmenter la résolution spatiale des images de RM. Ce type de capteur permet en particulier d'analyser la paroi de l'intestin qui permettrait d'améliorer le bilan d'extension tumorale [1]. Malheureusement, les câbles coaxiaux, couramment utilisés pour transmettre le signal RMN et le courant nécessaire au découplage actif du capteur de réception, peuvent induire des échauffements des tissus compromettant l'utilisation clinique d'un tel capteur. En effet, le champ électrique E z accompagnant le champ magnétique RF B 1 , induit des courants RF le long du câble et augmente ainsi le taux d'absorption spécifique (TAS) local [2]. Afin d'assurer la sécurité du patient, l'utilisation d'une connexion optique est une solution alternative élégante pour supprimer ces risques d'échauffements. La conversion électro-optique (EO) des signaux [3] et le découplage optique [4] sont démontrés sur la base d'un capteur endoluminal

Conversion électro-optique du signal et découplage actif d'un capteur IRM endoluminal à liaison optique

International audienceUne boucle endoluminale radiofréquence (RF) située à proximité de la zone à examiner permet d'avoir localement un rapport signal sur bruit élevé qui peut être mis à profit pour augmenter la résolution spatiale des images de RM. Ce type de capteur permet en particulier d'analyser la paroi de l'intestin qui permettrait d'améliorer le bilan d'extension tumorale [1]. Malheureusement, les câbles coaxiaux, couramment utilisés pour transmettre le signal RMN et le courant nécessaire au découplage actif du capteur de réception, peuvent induire des échauffements des tissus compromettant l'utilisation clinique d'un tel capteur. En effet, le champ électrique E z accompagnant le champ magnétique RF B 1 , induit des courants RF le long du câble et augmente ainsi le taux d'absorption spécifique (TAS) local [2]. Afin d'assurer la sécurité du patient, l'utilisation d'une connexion optique est une solution alternative élégante pour supprimer ces risques d'échauffements. La conversion électro-optique (EO) des signaux [3] et le découplage optique [4] sont démontrés sur la base d'un capteur endoluminal

Réalisation d'un système d'émission-réception 4 canaux dédié au cerveau de rat pour un système RM à 7T

International audienceUn système ainsi qu'une bobine d'émission-réception ont été réalisés pour un système RM à 7 T. Ce système d'émission-réception 4 canaux permet de créer un champ magnétique RF B1+ polarisé circulairement. La combinaison constructive des phases des 4 canaux a été démontrée par des images RM

Understanding the relationship between the perceived characteristics of clinical practice guidelines and their uptake: protocol for a realist review

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Clinical practice guidelines have the potential to facilitate the implementation of evidence into practice, support clinical decision making, specify beneficial therapeutic approaches, and influence public policy. However, these potential benefits have not been consistently achieved. The limited impact of guidelines can be attributed to organisational constraints, the complexity of the guidelines, and the lack of usability testing or end-user involvement in their development. Implementability has been referred to as the perceived characteristics of guidelines that predict the relative ease of their implementation at the clinical level, but this concept is as yet poorly defined. The objective of our study is to identify guideline attributes that affect uptake in practice by considering evidence from four disciplines (medicine, psychology, management, human factors engineering) to determine the relationship between the perceived characteristics of recommendations and their uptake and to develop a framework of implementability.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A realist-review approach to knowledge synthesis will be used to understand attributes of guidelines (<it>e.g</it>., its text and content) and how changing these elements might impact clinical practice and clinical decision making. It also allows for the exploration of 'what works for whom, in what circumstances, and in what respects'. The realist review will be structured according to Pawson's five practical steps in realist reviews: (1) clarifying the scope of the review, (2) determining the search strategy, (3) ensuring proper article selection and study quality assessment, (4) extracting and organising data, and (5) synthesising the evidence and drawing conclusions. Data will be synthesised according to a two-stage analysis: (1) we will extract and define all relevant guideline attributes from the different disciplines, then create a shortlist of unique attributes and investigate their relationships with uptake, and (2) we will compare and contrast the attributes and guideline uptake within each and between the four disciplines to create a robust framework of implementability.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Creating guidelines that are designed to maximise uptake may be a potentially effective and inexpensive way of increasing their impact. However, this is best achieved by a comprehensive framework to inform the design of guidelines drawing on a range of disciplines that study behaviour change. This study will use a customised realist-review approach to synthesising the literature to better understand and operationalise a complex and under-theorised concept.</p

Transfer of learning and patient outcome in simulated crisis resource management : a systematic review

PURPOSE: Simulation-based learning is increasingly used by healthcare professionals as a safe method to learn and practice non-technical skills, such as communication and leadership, required for effective crisis resource management (CRM). This systematic review was conducted to gain a better understanding of the impact of simulation-based CRM teaching on transfer of learning to the workplace and subsequent changes in patient outcomes. SOURCE: Studies on CRM, crisis management, crew resource management, teamwork, and simulation published up to September 2012 were searched in MEDLINE(®), EMBASE™, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ERIC. All studies that used simulation-based CRM teaching with outcomes measured at Kirkpatrick Level 3 (transfer of learning to the workplace) or 4 (patient outcome) were included. Studies measuring only learners' reactions or simple learning (Kirkpatrick Level 1 or 2, respectively) were excluded. Two authors independently reviewed all identified titles and abstracts for eligibility. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Nine articles were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. Four studies measured transfer of simulation-based CRM learning into the clinical setting (Kirkpatrick Level 3). In three of these studies, simulation-enhanced CRM training was found significantly more effective than no intervention or didactic teaching. Five studies measured patient outcomes (Kirkpatrick Level 4). Only one of these studies found that simulation-based CRM training made a clearly significant impact on patient mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Based on a small number of studies, this systematic review found that CRM skills learned at the simulation centre are transferred to clinical settings, and the acquired CRM skills may translate to improved patient outcomes, including a decrease in mortality

Dispositif spécifique des soins infirmiers à domicile genevois pour faire face à la complexité de la pandémie COVID-19

Introduction&nbsp;: L’émergence de la COVID-19 a mis à l’épreuve les systèmes de soins. À Genève (Suisse), les services de soins infirmiers à domicile sont très mobilisés auprès des personnes les plus vulnérables pour faire face aux problématiques de dépistage, de vaccination, de prises en charge aigües et chroniques des plus fragiles. Objectif&nbsp;: Mise en place d’un dispositif spécifique de soins infirmiers pour répondre à une complexité et un continuum de prise en charge et d’intervention domiciliaire en situation de crise sanitaire COVID. Démarche&nbsp;: Un itinéraire clinique multimodal, interprofessionnel a été élaboré par l’institution genevoise de maintien à domicile et pour lequel les infirmières ont un rôle essentiel pour 1) le dépistage, 2) les soins durant la phase aigüe de l’infection, 3) le suivi post hospitalisation et la phase de réadaptation, 4) la vaccination des plus fragiles. Résultats&nbsp;:&nbsp; En décembre 2021, 81 infirmières sont intervenues auprès de : 1) 5 500 personnes pour le dépistage, 2) 6 600 patients pour des soins en phase aigüe, 3) 796 patients pour des soins post-hospitalisation et réadaptation, et 4) 2 200 personnes pour la vaccination. Les infirmières ont agi sur des axes préventifs (prévention de la contamination, repérage des risques de dénutrition, sédentarité, isolement, etc.), curatifs (aides et soins) et palliatifs (gestion des COVID longues) intégrant l’axe de coordination avec les différents acteurs de santé du réseau genevois. Discussion et conclusion&nbsp;: Ce dispositif piloté par les soins infirmiers à domicile a permis d’apporter des réponses cliniques et opérationnelles de proximité pour soulager les tensions hospitalières et maintenir à domicile des personnes vulnérables.Introduction&nbsp;: L’émergence de la COVID-19 a mis à l’épreuve les systèmes de soins. À Genève (Suisse), les services de soins infirmiers à domicile sont très mobilisés auprès des personnes les plus vulnérables pour faire face aux problématiques de dépistage, de vaccination, de prises en charge aigües et chroniques des plus fragiles. Objectif&nbsp;: Mise en place d’un dispositif spécifique de soins infirmiers pour répondre à une complexité et un continuum de prise en charge et d’intervention domiciliaire en situation de crise sanitaire COVID. Démarche&nbsp;: Un itinéraire clinique multimodal, interprofessionnel a été élaboré par l’institution genevoise de maintien à domicile et pour lequel les infirmières ont un rôle essentiel pour 1) le dépistage, 2) les soins durant la phase aigüe de l’infection, 3) le suivi post hospitalisation et la phase de réadaptation, 4) la vaccination des plus fragiles. Résultats&nbsp;:&nbsp; En décembre 2021, 81 infirmières sont intervenues auprès de : 1) 5 500 personnes pour le dépistage, 2) 6 600 patients pour des soins en phase aigüe, 3) 796 patients pour des soins post-hospitalisation et réadaptation, et 4) 2 200 personnes pour la vaccination. Les infirmières ont agi sur des axes préventifs (prévention de la contamination, repérage des risques de dénutrition, sédentarité, isolement, etc.), curatifs (aides et soins) et palliatifs (gestion des COVID longues) intégrant l’axe de coordination avec les différents acteurs de santé du réseau genevois. Discussion et conclusion&nbsp;: Ce dispositif piloté par les soins infirmiers à domicile a permis d’apporter des réponses cliniques et opérationnelles de proximité pour soulager les tensions hospitalières et maintenir à domicile des personnes vulnérables

Conceptualization, use, and outcomes associated with compassion in the care of youth with childhood-onset disabilities: a scoping review

Introduction: To examine the scope of existing literature on the conceptualization, use, and outcomes associated with compassion in the care of youth with childhood-onset disabilities. Methods: A protocol was developed based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review method. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EBSCOhost CINAHL, were searched. Results: Eight studies were selected for inclusion; four used quantitative methodology, and four used qualitative methods. Compassion was not defined a priori or a posteriori in any of the included studies. The concept of self-compassion was explicitly defined only for parents of youth with childhood-onset disabilities in three studies a priori. The most reported outcome measure was self-compassion in parents of youth with childhood-onset disabilities. Self-compassion among parents was associated with greater quality of life and resiliency and lower stress, depression, shame and guilt. Discussion: There is limited evidence on the conceptualization, use, and outcomes associated with compassion among youth with childhood-onset disabilities. Self-compassion may be an effective internal coping process among parents of youth with childhood-onset disabilities. Further research is required to understand the meaning of compassion to youth with childhood-onset disabilities, their parents and caregivers. Systematic review registration: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/2GRB4

Interventions encouraging the use of systematic reviews by health policymakers and managers: A systematic review

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Systematic reviews have the potential to inform decisions made by health policymakers and managers, yet little is known about the impact of interventions to increase the use of systematic reviews by these groups in decision making.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We systematically reviewed the evidence on the impact of interventions for seeking, appraising, and applying evidence from systematic reviews in decision making by health policymakers or managers. Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Methodology Register, Health Technology Assessment Database, and LISA were searched from the earliest date available until April 2010. Two independent reviewers selected studies for inclusion if the intervention intended to increase seeking, appraising, or applying evidence from systematic reviews by a health policymaker or manager. Minimum inclusion criteria were a description of the study population and availability of extractable data.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>11,297 titles and abstracts were reviewed, leading to retrieval of 37 full-text articles for assessment; four of these articles met all inclusion criteria. Three articles described one study where five systematic reviews were mailed to public health officials and followed up with surveys at three months and two years. The articles reported from 23% to 63% of respondents declaring they had used systematic reviews in policymaking decisions. One randomised trial indicated that tailored messages combined with access to a registry of systematic reviews had a significant effect on policies made in the area of healthy body weight promotion in health departments.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The limited empirical data renders the strength of evidence weak for the effectiveness and the types of interventions that encourage health policymakers and managers to use systematic reviews in decision making.</p