Einfluss von Katastrophisieren auf den Genesungsprozess bei Schleudertrauma-Patienten

Grundlage: Der positive Zusammenhang zwischen Katastrophisieren und Low Back Pain wurde bereits in vielen Forschungsarbeiten bestätigt und ist auch im klinischen Alltag weit verbreitet. Inwiefern dieser Faktor das WAD beeinflusst, ist noch unklar. Zielsetzung: Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, anhand von Studienresultaten den Einfluss von Katastrophisieren auf den Genesungsprozess bei einem WAD im akuten sowie chronischen Setting zu untersuchen. Das Ergebnis sollte im klinischen Alltag eine Hilfestellung darstellen, um das therapeutische Verhalten anzupassen und angemessene Interventionen einzuleiten. Methode: Die Studien zu dieser Thematik wurden in elektronischen Datenbanken gesucht. Damit ein objektiver Vergleich stattfinden konnte, mussten die Studien mindestens ein Test zur Evaluation von Katastrophisieren und Schmerz/Behinderungsverhalten im Alltag beinhalten. Bevorzugt wurden Studien, welche ein NDI oder PCS beinhalteten. Resultate: Insgesamt erfüllten drei Studien die vorgegebenen Rahmenbedingungen. Bei allen zeigte sich eine positive Korrelation bezüglich Katastrophisieren und der Behinderung in den alltäglichen Aktivitäten beziehungsweise einer höheren Schmerzintensität. Für das Fortbestehen eines WADs zeigten sich die kausalen Überzeugungen, depressive Symptome und Vorstellung bezüglich der Schmerzen als bedeutender Faktor. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Forschungsfrage konnte beantwortet werden, da Katastrophisieren einen Einfluss hat, jedoch nicht als prädikativer Faktor gewertet werden kann. PCS und NDI haben sich diesbezüglich als gute Messinstrumente zur Früherkennung des Katastrophisierens erwiesen

The impact of prior information on estimates of disease transmissibility using Bayesian tools

The basic reproductive number (R₀) and the distribution of the serial interval (SI) are often used to quantify transmission during an infectious disease outbreak. In this paper, we present estimates of R₀ and SI from the 2003 SARS outbreak in Hong Kong and Singapore, and the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) outbreak in South Africa using methods that expand upon an existing Bayesian framework. This expanded framework allows for the incorporation of additional information, such as contact tracing or household data, through prior distributions. The results for the R₀ and the SI from the influenza outbreak in South Africa were similar regardless of the prior information (R0 = 1.36-1.46, μ = 2.0-2.7, μ = mean of the SI). The estimates of R₀ and μ for the SARS outbreak ranged from 2.0-4.4 and 7.4-11.3, respectively, and were shown to vary depending on the use of contact tracing data. The impact of the contact tracing data was likely due to the small number of SARS cases relative to the size of the contact tracing sample

Analyzing Medication Documentation in Electronic Health Records: Dental Students’ Self-Reported Behaviors and Charting Practices

The aim of this two-part study was to assess third- and fourth-year dental students’ perceptions, self-reported behaviors, and actual charting practices regarding medication documentation in axiUm, the electronic health record (EHR) system. In part one of the study, in fall 2015, all 125 third- and 85 fourth-year dental students at one U.S. dental school were invited to complete a ten-item anonymous survey on medication history-taking. In part two of the study, the EHRs of 519 recent dental school patients were randomly chosen via axiUm query based on age >21 years and the presence of at least one documented medication. Documentation completeness was assessed per EHR and each medication based on proper medication name, classification, dose/frequency, indication, potential oral effects, and correct medication spelling. Consistency was evaluated by identifying the presence/absence of a medical reason for each medication. The survey response rate was 90.6% (N=187). In total, 64.5% of responding students reported that taking a complete medication history is important and useful in enhancing pharmacology knowledge; 90.4% perceived it helped improve their understanding of patients’ medical conditions. The fourth-year students were more likely than the third-year students to value the latter (p=0.0236). Overall, 48.6% reported reviewing patient medications with clinic faculty 76-100% of the time. The respondents’ most frequently cited perceived barriers to medication documentation were patients’ not knowing their medications (68.5%) and, to a much lesser degree, axiUm limitations (14%). Proper medication name was most often recorded (93.6%), and potential oral effects were recorded the least (3.0%). Medication/medical condition consistency was 70.6%. In this study, most of the students perceived patient medication documentation as important; however, many did not appreciate the importance of all elements of a complete medication history, and complete medication documentation was low

Junior Recital, Stephen Moser, trumpet

The presentation of this junior recital will fulfill in part the requirements for the Bachelor of Music degree in Music Education. Stephen Moser studies trumpet with Kevin Maloney and Dr. Rex Richardso

Gender Differences and Similarities in the Relationship of Emotional Intelligence with Impulsivity and Self-Control

Past studies have found that women have higher average scores on different dimensions of emotional intelligence than men (Taksic & Mohoric, 2006). There is also evidence that emotional intelligence predicts higher self-control and impulsiveness (West, 2013), but no past studies examined whether gender differences exist in these effects. The goal of this research was to explore if gender moderates the relationship of emotional intelligence with impulsivity and self-control. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted. The sample consisted of 582 young adults from Croatia (67% female, average age 20 years). The participants completed measures of emotional intelligence (EISCQ; Taksic, 1998, Taksic & Mohoric, 2006), impulsiveness (BIS-11; Patton, Stanford & Barrat, 1995), self-control (SCS; Tanganey et al., 2004) and demographic information. Women had significantly higher scores on emotional intelligence and lower scores on impulsivity than men. Gender differences were also found in how emotional intelligence relates to impulsivity and self-control. For women, emotional intelligence predicted lower impulsiveness and greater self-control. For men, emotional intelligence predicted higher self-control but was unrelated to impulsiveness. These findings support the predictions of emotion intelligence theory (Mayer, Salovey & Caruso, 2008) and suggest that emotional intelligence relates to increased self-control both among men and among women

Putting an explanatory understanding into a predictive perspective: An exemplary study on school track enrollment

Complementing widely used explanatory models in the educational sciences that pinpoint the resources and characteristics for explaining students’ distinct educational transitions, this paper departs from methodological traditions and evaluates the predictive power of established concepts: to what extent can we actually predict school track enrollment based on a plethora of well-known explanatory factors derived from previous research? Predictive models were established using recursive partitioning adopted from machine learning. The basis for the analyses was the unique Zurich Learning Progress Study in Switzerland, a longitudinal study that followed a sample of 2000 students throughout compulsory education. This paper presents an exemplary examination of predictive modeling, and encourages educational sciences in general to explore beyond the horizon of their disciplinary methodological standards, which may help to consider the limits of an exclusive focus on explanatory approaches. The results provide an insight into the predictive capacity of well-established educational measures and concepts in predicting school track enrollment. The results show that there is quite a bit we cannot explain in educational navigation at the very end of elementary education. Yet, predictive misclassifications mainly occur between adjacent school tracks. Very few misclassifications in the future enrollment of academic-track and basic-track students, i.e., those pursuing the most- and least-prestigious tracks, respectively, occur

Efecto del aceite esencial de Minthostachys verticillata sobre la respuesta inmune de pacientes alérgicos a ácaros del polvo

El aceite esencial de hojas de M. verticillata fue obtenido por destilación en corriente de vapor y analizado por cromatografía gaseosa. Células mononucleares de sangre periférica de pacientes alérgicos, fueron estimuladas con aceite esencial. La proliferación fue ensayada mediante método colorimétrico del MTT o 3,(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide. Se cuantificaron células CD4 + , CD8 + y B en cultivos de linfocitos y en sobrenadantes, IFN- γ e IL-13. Se determinó la liberación de la enzima β -hexosaminidasa de basófilos adicionados de aceite esencial, y desafiados con el alergeno. Los efectos del aceite esencial fueron comparados con los de drogas antialérgicas. Los principales constituyentes identificados fueron pulegona, mentona y limoneno. Aceite esencial incrementó los valores de células CD4 + , CD8 + y B (p<0.002), estimuló la síntesis de IFN- γ y redujo los niveles de IL-13. El aceite esencial disminuyó la liberación de β -hexosaminidasa de basófilos (p<0.0001) con mayores efectos que los de las drogas ensayadas. Aceite esencial estimuló la desviación Th1 y redujo la liberación de la enzima β -hexosaminidasa de basófilos de pacientes alérgicos.The essential oil from leaves of Minthostachys verticillata was obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from allergic patients were stimulated with essential oil. By application of MTT or 3,(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide colorimetric test the proliferation was assayed. In lymphocyte cultures CD4+, CD8+ and B cells were quantified, and in supernatants, IFN-γ and IL-13. The liberation of β-hexosaminidase enzyme was determined for basophils with essential oil added and challenged with allergen and its effects were compared with those of anti-allergic drugs. The main constituents identified were pulegone, menthone and limonene. Essential oil increased absolute values of CD4+, CD8+ and B cells (p<0.002), stimulated IFN-γ synthesis and reduced IL-13 levels. Essential oil diminished β-hexosaminidase liberation by basophils (p<0.0001), with effects majors to those of the drugs tested. Essential oil stimulated the Th1 deviation and reduced β-hexosaminidase enzyme liberation by basophils from allergic patientsFil: Cariddi, Laura Noelia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Moser, Marina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Andrada, Melisa. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Demo, Mirta Susana. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Zygadlo, Julio Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Sabini, Liliana Ines. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Maldonado, Ana Maria. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentin

A review of regulatory mechanisms to control the volatility of prices

Stock - Prices ; Futures

Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: A voxel-based morphometry study

Recent research shows that congruent outcomes are more rapidly (and incongruent less rapidly) detected when individuals receive optimistic rather than pessimistic cues, an effect that was termed optimism robustness. In the current voxel-based morphometry study, we examined whether optimism robustness has a counterpart in brain structure. The participants’ task was to detect two different letters (symbolizing monetary gain or loss) in a visual search matrix. Prior to each onset of the search matrix, two different verbal cues informed our participants about a high probability to gain (optimistic expectancy) or lose (pessimistic expectancy) money. The target presented was either congruent or incongruent with these induced expectancies. Optimism robustness revealed in the participants’ reaction times correlated positively with gray matter volume (GMV) in brain regions involved in selective attention (medial visual association area, intraparietal sulcus), emphasizing the strong intertwinement of optimistic expectancies and attention deployment. In addition, GMV in the primary visual cortex diminished with increasing optimism robustness, in line with the interpretation of optimism robustness arising from a global, context-oriented perception. Future studies should address the malleability of these structural correlates of optimism robustness. Our results may assist in the identification of treatment targets in depression