Windstorm hazardous area mapping using multi-criteria evaluation techniques of fuzzy logic approach.

The goal of this study to determine the most exposed area to windstorm event using fuzzy logic approach. Respond to the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11 and 13, Sustainable Cities and Communities and Climate Action, this study was conducted to establish the preparedness in high-risk region. To achieve this goal, the influencing indicator was identified based on previous study. The related indicator comprises of wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, slope, population, road, and land use. Fuzzy membership model implemented to aggregating the indicator to standard value 0 to 1. A fuzzy model was used as a method to integrate the constructed index values, and a frequency ratio was used to determine the fuzzy membership value. Different fuzzy operators (AND, OR, SUM, PRODUCT, and GAMMA) are applied to generate windstorm hazard map. The fuzzy gamma ( 3) operator, with γequal to 0.9, was used to create wind hazard map into different zones of five relative sensitivity classes: very high, high, moderate, low, and very low. 10.65% of study area has very high sensitivity towards windstorm hazard which distributed at high area (Banjaran titiwangsa), West Coast area (Pahang and West Johor) and north area (Perlis). In addition, some part in the surrounding region of Peninsular Malaysia were also identified as windstorm hazard due to the dense of urban area such at Johor Bharu and Klang Valley area. 7.20% of the study area has very-low windstorm hazard and is mainly located in the middle part

Penampilan dan Kualitas Telur Puyuh yang Diberi Pakan Mengandung Produk Fermentasi dengan Neurospora crassa

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of feeding products fermented by Neurospora crassa on quail performances and egg quality. 200 quail layers were randomly allocated into 20 pens. This experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four dietary treatments: 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% product fermented by Neurospora crassa in the diets and four replications. Variable measured were feed comsumption, egg production, feed conversion, egg cholesterol and egg yolk colour. Data were analized by CRD and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results of the experiment indicated that feed comsumption, egg production, feed conversion were not affected (P>0.05) but egg cholesterol and egg yolk colour were affected (P<0.01) by using product fermented in the diets for quails. Results of Duncant Multiple Range Test indicated that egg cholesterol in E treatment (used 12% products fermented) was the lowest than other treatment, but the highest on egg yolk colour . The conclusion of the experiment that up to 12% products fermented by Neurospora crassa can be used in the diet of quail and can increase the quality of quail egg (egg low cholesterol)

Penampilan dan Kualitas Telur Puyuh Yang Diberi Pakan mengandung Produk Fermentasi dengan Neurospora crassa

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of feeding products fermented by Neurospora crassa on quail performances and egg quality. 200 quail layers were randomly allocated into 20 pens. This experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four dietary treatments: 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12%  product fermented by Neurospora crassa in  the diets and four replications. Variable measured were feed comsumption, egg production, feed conversion,  egg cholesterol and egg yolk colour. Data were analized by CRD and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results of the experiment indicated that feed comsumption, egg production, feed conversion were not affected (p>0.05) but  egg cholesterol and egg yolk colour were affected (p<0.01) by using product fermented in the diets for quails.  Results of Duncant Multiple Range Test indicated that egg cholesterol in E treatment (used 12% products fermented)  was the lowest  than other treatment, but the highest on egg yolk colour .  The conclusion of the experiment that up to 12% products fermented by Neurospora crassa  can be used in the diet of quail and can increase the quality of quail egg (egg low cholesterol)

Enhancement of Rectenna Performance using Artificial Magnetic Conductor for Energy Harvesting Applications

This paper brings together an understanding on Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) and rectenna in energy harvesting applications. The rectenna is built upon a combination of a low profile antenna like dipole or patch microstrip with the presence of a rectifying circuit as well as a filter to act as an RF to DC converter. In wireless power transmission, the focal problem is that the total capture of the RF energy is totally low. Thus, with the aim of capturing maximum power, the receiving antenna is supposed to be designed applicably by taking contemplation of several aspects especially the gain. AMC helps to improve the performance of an antenna, hence enhancing the execution of wireless power transmission system of the rectenna. Wireless sensor network is one of the application in wireless power transmission system that applied the approach of energy harvesting, where it is considered to be a practical and deployable solution for today’s technology. Two designs of AMC had been proposed; a rectangular AMC using RO3003 substrate and a square AMC using RO3010 substrate. Simulation results show that the square AMC gives better performance through gain enhancement by 3.529 dB of a half-wave wire dipole antenna with an overall size of 122.45 mm x 122.45 mm

Penggunaan Ampas Sagu Ampas Tahu Fermentasi dengan Monascus purpureus dalam Ransum Terhadap Performa Puyuh Petelur

The aim of this research is to know the effect of utilization of combination sago rotb waste and tofu waste fermented by Monascus purpureus in egg quail (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) ration on their egg performance. About 200 quails were used in completely randomized design with 4 treatments (0.5%; 10% and 15%) of different level of combination sago rotb waste and tofu waste fermented in ration, and each treatment are replicated for 5 times. Ration are arranged iso protein (20%) and iso calory (2,800 kcal/kg). The parameters are: egg production, egg weigth and body weight. The result showed that the utilization of combination of sago rotb and tofu waste fermented by Monascus purpureus was not affected egg quail performance significantly (P>0.05). Inconclusion, the utilization of combination sago rotb waste and tofu waste fermented by Monascus purpureus until 15% in quail ration increased egg production with quail day scoring 80%, egg weight is 9.70 g/egg, and body weight is 56.12 g/quail

Physical, structural and optical properties of erbium doped rice husk silicate borotellurite (Er-doped RHSBT) glasses

A series of erbium doped rice husk silicate borotellurite glasses with chemical composition {[(TeO2)0.7 (B2O3)0.3]0.8 (SiO2)0.2}1 − x (Er2O3)x with x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 mol was prepared using the melt-quenching technique. The density and the molar volume were determined and found to be increasing with Er3 + concentration. The glasses were subjected to FTIR and XRD to study the structural changes in the glass. UV–Vis spectroscopy was carried out to obtain the absorption spectrum that is used in the calculation of the optical energy band gap (Direct and Indirect), the Urbach energy and the refractive index. Using the refractive index, density and molar volume, the molar polarizability, metallization criterion, polaron radius, average boron‑boron separation, inter-nuclear distance of Er3 +, surface reflection loss, transmission coefficient and oxygen packing density were determined. The density, molar volume, optical band gaps, molar refraction, transmission coefficient and metallization criterion were found to have increased with increasing concentration of Er3 + ions. While the values of the refractive index, Urbach energy and inter-nuclear distance of Er3 + ions decreased. As more Er3 + ions were introduced, the reflectivity of the glasses decreased. The polaron radius also decreased, with the values suggesting that the glass has small polaron

Polarizability, optical basicity and electric susceptibility of Er3+ doped silicate borotellurite glasses

Glasses system was fabricated using the chemical composition {[(TeO2)0.7 (B2O3)0.3]0.8 (SiO2)0.2}1 − x (Er2O3)x with x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 by melt-quenching method. The glasses were subjected to FTIR and XRD to study the glass structural changes and amorphous nature respectively. The absorption spectrum of the glasses were obtained from UV–Vis spectroscopy and used to calculate the energy band gap. Using the Archimedes principle, the density and the molar volume were determined. From the density, molar volume, and energy band gap, other parameters such as refractive index, molar refractive index, metallization criterion, reflection loss, transmission coefficient, polarizability, optical basicity, polaron radius, dielectric constant, optical dielectric constant, electric susceptibility, average electronegativity and others parameters were obtained by calculation. The polarizability values and the optical basicity were found to increase with Er3 + ions concentration increase. The dielectric constant, optical dielectric constant and the linear electric susceptibility decreased with increase in Er3 + ions concentration. The properties studied for the erbium doped glass system suggest the glass system has a potential in the EDFA application

Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Hydrazonoyl Synthetic Dyes

A group of chemical sensitizers of two hydrazonoyl based derivatives were synthesized. These derivatives contain a good π system for efficient light absorption and oxide sensitization. Precursor structure I was reacted with 2,6-diaminopyridine, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 4-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminopyridine, 2,6-dinitrophenylhydrazine, and diphenylamine. The other precursor, structure (II), was reacted with 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-amino-3-methyl, and 2-amino-4-methylpyridine. A total of 9 dyes were prepared and evaluated as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Full computational calculations using DFT B3LYP 6-31+G were carried out for evaluation of band edge and band gap energies of all compounds. The absorption spectra of these dyes as well as cyclic voltammetry were used for the measurement of the HOMO, LUMO, and energy band gaps. The photovoltaic performance of the fabricated DSSCs was measured in different solutions comprising water, alcohol, phenylhydrazine, and dinitrophenylhydazine

Magnetic Field Amplification in Galaxy Clusters and its Simulation

We review the present theoretical and numerical understanding of magnetic field amplification in cosmic large-scale structure, on length scales of galaxy clusters and beyond. Structure formation drives compression and turbulence, which amplify tiny magnetic seed fields to the microGauss values that are observed in the intracluster medium. This process is intimately connected to the properties of turbulence and the microphysics of the intra-cluster medium. Additional roles are played by merger induced shocks that sweep through the intra-cluster medium and motions induced by sloshing cool cores. The accurate simulation of magnetic field amplification in clusters still poses a serious challenge for simulations of cosmological structure formation. We review the current literature on cosmological simulations that include magnetic fields and outline theoretical as well as numerical challenges.Comment: 60 pages, 19 Figure