Az ökológiai gazdálkodás hazai helyzete - Trendek és kitörési pontok |Program|Összefoglalók|Résztvevők|

A kiadvány az ÖMKi 2012. február 2-án megrendezett első szakmai konferenciájának programját és előadásainak anyagát tartalmazza. Az ökológiai gazdálkodás hazai helyzete - Trendek és kitörési pontok c. rendezvényt minden várakozást felülmúló érdeklődés övezte, több mint 400-an regisztráltak. A rendezvény fővédnöke Fazekas Sándor vidékfejlesztési miniszter volt, aki megnyitó beszédében elmondta: „Háromszázezer hektárra szeretnénk növelni hazánkban a biogazdálkodás alá vont területek nagyságát 2020-ig, ezért a tárca ökológiai mezőgazdálkodási programot dolgoz ki. Kiemelten támogatjuk a biogazdálkodókat, segítséget nyújtunk az átálláshoz”. A konferencián jelen voltak az ágazat legfontosabb szervezeteinek képviselői, úgy a gazdák, a civil társadalom, mint a közigazgatás és a tudomány világából. Értékes párbeszéd alakult ki a résztvevők között, és lehetőség nyílt a vélemények ütköztetésére is, amit szervezőként kifejezetten hasznosnak tartunk, hiszen hozzátartozik az átlátható, demokratikus biomozgalom megteremtéséhez

Effect of Hydrocortisone on Mortality and Organ Support in Patients With Severe COVID-19: The REMAP-CAP COVID-19 Corticosteroid Domain Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Evidence regarding corticosteroid use for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited. Objective: To determine whether hydrocortisone improves outcome for patients with severe COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants: An ongoing adaptive platform trial testing multiple interventions within multiple therapeutic domains, for example, antiviral agents, corticosteroids, or immunoglobulin. Between March 9 and June 17, 2020, 614 adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled and randomized within at least 1 domain following admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) for respiratory or cardiovascular organ support at 121 sites in 8 countries. Of these, 403 were randomized to open-label interventions within the corticosteroid domain. The domain was halted after results from another trial were released. Follow-up ended August 12, 2020. Interventions: The corticosteroid domain randomized participants to a fixed 7-day course of intravenous hydrocortisone (50 mg or 100 mg every 6 hours) (n = 143), a shock-dependent course (50 mg every 6 hours when shock was clinically evident) (n = 152), or no hydrocortisone (n = 108). Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was organ support-free days (days alive and free of ICU-based respiratory or cardiovascular support) within 21 days, where patients who died were assigned -1 day. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model that included all patients enrolled with severe COVID-19, adjusting for age, sex, site, region, time, assignment to interventions within other domains, and domain and intervention eligibility. Superiority was defined as the posterior probability of an odds ratio greater than 1 (threshold for trial conclusion of superiority >99%). Results: After excluding 19 participants who withdrew consent, there were 384 patients (mean age, 60 years; 29% female) randomized to the fixed-dose (n = 137), shock-dependent (n = 146), and no (n = 101) hydrocortisone groups; 379 (99%) completed the study and were included in the analysis. The mean age for the 3 groups ranged between 59.5 and 60.4 years; most patients were male (range, 70.6%-71.5%); mean body mass index ranged between 29.7 and 30.9; and patients receiving mechanical ventilation ranged between 50.0% and 63.5%. For the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively, the median organ support-free days were 0 (IQR, -1 to 15), 0 (IQR, -1 to 13), and 0 (-1 to 11) days (composed of 30%, 26%, and 33% mortality rates and 11.5, 9.5, and 6 median organ support-free days among survivors). The median adjusted odds ratio and bayesian probability of superiority were 1.43 (95% credible interval, 0.91-2.27) and 93% for fixed-dose hydrocortisone, respectively, and were 1.22 (95% credible interval, 0.76-1.94) and 80% for shock-dependent hydrocortisone compared with no hydrocortisone. Serious adverse events were reported in 4 (3%), 5 (3%), and 1 (1%) patients in the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: Among patients with severe COVID-19, treatment with a 7-day fixed-dose course of hydrocortisone or shock-dependent dosing of hydrocortisone, compared with no hydrocortisone, resulted in 93% and 80% probabilities of superiority with regard to the odds of improvement in organ support-free days within 21 days. However, the trial was stopped early and no treatment strategy met prespecified criteria for statistical superiority, precluding definitive conclusions. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02735707

Integration Strategy of EARTH Energy Efficiency Enablers

The overall target of the EARTH project is to reduce the power consumption of mobile broadband networks by 50%. For this, solutions acting all the way from components in the base stations, link level improvements, as well as radio network level concepts are developed. This paper presents a strategy for how these energy efficiency enablers can be integrated into an overall solution. The energy efficiency enablers are structured according to their time scale of operation, and mapped to the most suitable application scenarios. Furthermore, to illustrate the application of this integration strategy, an illustrative example is presented

A Microsurgical Arteriovenous Malformation Model on Saphenous Vessels in the Rat

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an anomaly of blood vessel formation. Numerous models have been established to understand the nature of AVM. These models have limitations in terms of the diameter of the vessels used and the impact on the circulatory system. Our goal was to establish an AVM model that does not cause prompt and significant hemodynamic and cardiac alterations but is feasible for follow-up of the AVM’s progression. Sixteen female rats were randomly divided into sham-operated and AVM groups. In the AVM group, the saphenous vein and artery were interconnected using microsurgical techniques. The animals were followed up for 12 weeks. Anastomosis patency and the structural and hemodynamic changes of the heart were monitored. The hearts and vessels were histologically analyzed. During the follow-up period, shunts remained unobstructed. Systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate values slightly and non-significantly decreased in the AVM group. Echocardiogram results indicated minor systolic function impact, with slight and insignificant changes in aortic pressure and blood velocity, and minimal left ventricular wall enlargement. The small-caliber saphenous AVM model does not cause acute hemodynamic changes. Moderate but progressive alterations and venous dilatation confirmed AVM-like features. The model seems to be suitable for studying further the progression, enlargement, or destabilization of AVM

Pike-perch larvae growth in response to administration of lactobacilli-enriched inert feed during first feeding

This study evaluated whether inert feed enriched with Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasei BGHN14 may be used as a weaning diet for first feeding pike-perch larvae. Three experimental groups were weaned from the start of exogenous feeding: two groups were given inert feed enriched with BGHN14 either via 12 h incubation with live BGHN14 cells or via coating with homogenized BGHN14 cells and one group was supplemented non-enriched inert feed. In all three groups Artemia was co-fed with inert feed during weaning. Control group larvae were fed Artemia exclusively during the treatment period. Treatment lasted fourteen days, starting from the 6th day post-hatch (DPH). Larval sampling was performed on the 20th DPH for gene expression and enzyme activity analysis. Larvae were also sampled on the 32nd DPH for morphometric and body composition analysis. Our results showed that weaning of first feeding pike-perch larvae was associated with an increase of fish condition (0.72 +/- 0.12-0.77 +/- 0.11 versus 0.67 +/- 0.11 in controls), but it suppressed skeleton development, according to Col1 mRNA expression (1 +/- 0.51-1.06 +/- 0.36 versus 2.07 +/- 0.53 in controls) and reduced fat deposition (1.25 +/- 0.23-1.49 +/- 0.33 versus 1.84 +/- 0.31% in controls). This presumably reflected lower availability of soluble proteins in microdiet as opposed to live food, along with high leaching rate of amino acids from solid feed particles, as reported in our previous studies. However, skeleton differentiation was not impaired in group weaned on BGHN14 homogenate coated feed (Col1 mRNA expression: 2.68 +/- 0.72), which was enriched in skeleton building and taste stimulating amino acids. These larvae were also presented with substantially higher length (15.28 +/- 2.55 versus 13.93 +/- 2.31 mm in controls) and weight (26.56 +/- 13.83 versus 21.03 +/- 11.25 mg in controls), which correlated with lower trypsin activity (1.06 +/- 0.13 versus 1.43 +/- 0.26 mU/mg of proteins in controls) and an increase of PLA2 to trypsin activity ratio (453.12 +/- 109.36 versus 264.84 +/- 69.03 in controls). Present study suggests that weaning of first feeding pike-perch larvae using BGHN14 homogenate coated microdiet supports skeleton development and improves fish growth

Cardiovascular Efficacy and Safety of Bococizumab in High-Risk Patients

Bococizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin- kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and reduces levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of bococizumab in patients at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS In two parallel, multinational trials with different entry criteria for LDL cholesterol levels, we randomly assigned the 27,438 patients in the combined trials to receive bococizumab (at a dose of 150 mg) subcutaneously every 2 weeks or placebo. The primary end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina requiring urgent revascularization, or cardiovascular death; 93% of the patients were receiving statin therapy at baseline. The trials were stopped early after the sponsor elected to discontinue the development of bococizumab owing in part to the development of high rates of antidrug antibodies, as seen in data from other studies in the program. The median follow-up was 10 months. RESULTS At 14 weeks, patients in the combined trials had a mean change from baseline in LDL cholesterol levels of -56.0% in the bococizumab group and +2.9% in the placebo group, for a between-group difference of -59.0 percentage points (P<0.001) and a median reduction from baseline of 64.2% (P<0.001). In the lower-risk, shorter-duration trial (in which the patients had a baseline LDL cholesterol level of ≥70 mg per deciliter [1.8 mmol per liter] and the median follow-up was 7 months), major cardiovascular events occurred in 173 patients each in the bococizumab group and the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.22; P = 0.94). In the higher-risk, longer-duration trial (in which the patients had a baseline LDL cholesterol level of ≥100 mg per deciliter [2.6 mmol per liter] and the median follow-up was 12 months), major cardiovascular events occurred in 179 and 224 patients, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.97; P = 0.02). The hazard ratio for the primary end point in the combined trials was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.76 to 1.02; P = 0.08). Injection-site reactions were more common in the bococizumab group than in the placebo group (10.4% vs. 1.3%, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In two randomized trials comparing the PCSK9 inhibitor bococizumab with placebo, bococizumab had no benefit with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events in the trial involving lower-risk patients but did have a significant benefit in the trial involving higher-risk patients

Effect of Antiplatelet Therapy on Survival and Organ Support–Free Days in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19

International audienc