Estudio para la instalación de un generador solar fotovoltaico conectado a red sobre la cubierta de una nave industrial

En el presente proyecto se pretende realizar el diseño y estudio de un parque solar fotovoltaico de 54,39 kWp con conexión a red montado sobre la cubierta de una nave industrial y ensamblada a ésta a través de una estructura de aluminio que confiere una inclinación fija a los paneles solares de 28º con respecto a la horizontal y una orientación Sur (azimut de 6º) con respecto a los meridianos. La nave se encuentra situada en el término municipal de Arganda Del Rey en la provincia de Madrid y cuenta con una cubierta construida con chapa ondulada a dos aguas con una superficie disponible (la orientada al Sur) de 462,84 m2 y una inclinación de 15º para el alojamiento del generador solar. El generador solar está constituido por 294 paneles fotovoltaicos de 185 Wp de potencia nominal unitaria, los cuales van dispuestos en 21 strings conectados en paralelo que, a su vez, contienen 14 paneles conectados en serie por cada string. Un inversor trifásico con una potencia nominal de 46,9 kW, que se situará en el interior de la nave para protegerlo de la humedad, así como los elementos de protección, convertirá la corriente eléctrica continua generada en corriente alterna trifásica de 400 V para ser inyectada a la red. El punto de conexión a la red eléctrica está acordado con la Compañía distribuidora. El resumen general de la instalación proyectada en el presente documento es el siguiente: · Potencia nominal de la instalación: 46,9 kWp · Producción anual estimada: 78.900 kWh/año · Potencia FV pico instalada: 54,39 kWp · Número de módulos fotovoltaicos: 294 · Fabricante de los módulos fotovoltaicos: BRISBAN · Modelo de módulo fotovoltaico: BS 185 S · Tipo de estructura: Fija con inclinación =28º · Orientación de la estructura: Azimut = 6º Oeste · Fabricante de la estructura Alusín Solar · Modelo estructura Bulnes · Fabricante de los inversores: SANTERNO · Número de inversores: 1 · Modelo de inversor: SUNWAY TG 61-600V · Superficie ocupada: 462,84 m2 Características climáticas y localización: · Localización: Arganda Del Rey (Madrid) · Latitud: 40,3º N · Longitud: 3º 08´02´´ O · Irradiación solar media Superficie horizontal: 4,51 kWh/(m2·día) Superficie inclinada 28 grados: 4,96 kWh/(m2·día) Los ingresos aportados por la instalación vendrán determinados por los 78.900 kWh generados anualmente y la remuneración pagada por la inyección de dicha energía en la red que, en el momento actual, es de 0,11€/kWh. La vida útil asignada para el estudio de viabilidad económica es de 35 años y no considerará financiación bancaria ninguna. La inversión inicial asciende a la cantidad de 106.828,32€, obteniendo un periodo de retorno para los recursos propios aportados de 15,75 años, una vida útil de la instalación de 35 años, un VAN de 7.533,79 € y un TIR del 4,56%. Tras el estudio de viabilidad económica realizado se concluye como un "proyecto económicamente no rentable" pero sí que puede ser interesante desde el punto de vista técnico y medioambiental así como de apoyo para las energías renovables.Ingeniería Técnica en Mecánic

Determination of polyphenols in white wines by liquid chromatography: application to the characterization of Alella (Catalonia, Spain) wines using chemometric methods

The determination of polyphenols in wines is of great interest in the field of food analysis due to health and organoleptic implications. In addition, the applicability of polyphenols as food descriptors to be used for characterization, classification, and authentication purposes is gaining popularity. In this work, a simple and reliable method based on HPLC separation in reversed-phase mode with UV-Vis detection was developed and applied to determine polyphenolic compounds in white wines. The chromatographic separation was performed using a C18 column under a methanol elution gradient and assessed by an experimental design approach. Analytical parameters were established under the optimal experimental conditions. LOD values were between 3 and 220 µg/L, and repeatability values were better than 1% for most of the analyzed polyphenols. Compositional data were further exploited to characterize white wines based on principal component analysis to discriminate among mono- and polyvarietal compositions

Hepatic disease as the first manifestation of progressive myoclonus epilepsy of Lafora

5 páginas, 2 figuras -- PAGS nros. 1369-1373Background: Lafora disease (LD; progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 2; EPM2) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the EPM2A and EPM2B genes. LD is characterized by the presence of strongly PAS-positive intracellular inclusions (Lafora bodies) in several tissues. Glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD-IV; Andersen disease) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cirrhosis leading to severe liver failure. GSD-IV has been associated with mutations in the glycogen branching enzyme gene (GBE). Histopathologic changes of the liver in both diseases show an identical appearance, although cirrhosis has never been described in patients with LD. We report a LD family in which the proband presented severe liver failure at onset of the disease. Methods: Clinical histories, physical and neurologic examination, laboratory tests, EEGs, MRI of the brain, and liver or axillary skin biopsies were performed in the two affected siblings. The diagnosis was confirmed by molecular genetic analysis of the EPM2A, EPM2B, and GBE genes and loci. Results: During the first decade of life, abnormalities in liver function tests were detected in the two affected siblings. The proband's liver dysfunction was severe enough to require liver transplantation. Subsequently, both sibs developed LD. Mutation analysis of EPM2A revealed a homozygous Arg241stop mutation in both patients. Conclusions: This is the first description of severe hepatic dysfunction as the initial clinical manifestation of LD. The phenotypic differences between the two affected siblings suggest that modifier genes must condition clinical expression of the disease outside the CNSPeer reviewe

KRAS Mutations in Primary Colorectal Cancer Tumors and Related Metastases: A Potential Role in Prediction of Lung Metastasis

BACKGROUND:KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer primary tumors predict resistance to anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, and thus represent a true indicator of EGFR pathway activation status. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:KRAS mutations were retrospectively studied using polymerase chain reactions and subsequent sequencing of codons 12 and 13 (exon 2) in 110 patients with metastatic colorectal tumors. These studies were performed using tissue samples from both the primary tumor and their related metastases (93 liver, 84%; 17 lung, 16%). All patients received adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil-based polychemotherapy after resection of metastases. None received anti-EGFR therapy. Mutations in KRAS were observed in 37 (34%) of primary tumors and in 40 (36%) of related metastases, yielding a 94% level of concordance (kappa index 0.86). Patients with primary tumors possessing KRAS mutations had a shorter disease-free survival period after metastasis resection (12.0 vs 18.0 months; P = 0.035) than those who did not. A higher percentage of KRAS mutations was detected in primary tumors of patiens with lung metastases than in patients with liver metastases (59% vs 32%; p = 0.054). To further evaluate this finding we analyzed 120 additional patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer who previously had their primary tumors evaluated for KRAS mutational status for clinical purposes. Separately, the analysis of these 120 patients showed a tendency towards a higher degree of KRAS mutations in primary tumors of patients with lung metastases, although it did not reach statistical significance. Taken together the group of 230 patients showed that KRAS was mutated significantly more often in the primary tumors of patients with lung metastases (57% vs 35%; P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Our results suggest a role for KRAS mutations in the propensity of primary colorectal tumors to metastasize to the lung

Evaluation of cellular safety and the chemical composition of the peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) ethanolic extracts

Arachis hypogaea L. (Leguminosae) is distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Peanut has high nutritional and commercial value. Scientific research showed that peanut has biological properties such as anticancer, antioxidant, antiinflammatory. However, it is necessary to know if consumption of peanut, either as food or as a phytopharmaceutical implies a health risk. The aim was to evaluate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of ethanolic extracts from A. hypogaea. Also, chemical characterization of these extracts was performed. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT and Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) assays on Vero cells. Genotoxicity was studied by Micronuclei and comet assays on Balb/C mice. Qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis of extracts were performed. Results showed that extracts have low cytotoxicity. Tegument ethanolic extract (TEE) and Seed ethanolic extract (SEE) were not genotoxic. The treatments with TEE at 250 mg/kg and SEE at 2000 mg/kg revealed (highest concentrations evaluated) some toxicity on blood marrow cells of mice. Chemical characterization indicated that TEE had 74.33 1.10 mg GAE/g of dried extract and SEE had 15.05 0.06 mg GAE/g of dried extract of total phenolic content. Also, proanthocyanidins (O.D. at 550 nm 1.39 0.15) and caffeic acid (2.46%) were identified in TEE. While, linoleic acid (58.84%) oleic acid (11.31%) and palmitic acid (8.37%) were major compounds of SEE. In conclusion, peanut consumption is safe at concentrations recommended for healthy uses, such as nutrition, and phytomedicine.Fil: Menis Candela, Florencia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Giordano, Walter Fabian. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud; ArgentinaFil: Quiroga, Patricia Liliana. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Escobar, Franco Matias. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Mañas, Fernando Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Roma, Dardo Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Larrauri, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; ArgentinaFil: Comini, Laura Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Argentina. Ceprocor; ArgentinaFil: Soria, Elio Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Sabini, Maria Carola. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentin

Esophageal Granular Cell Tumor and Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Two Interesting Entities Identified in the Same Patient

We illustrate the case of a 41-year-old male with allergic manifestations since childhood. He sought medical attention for intermittent, progressive dysphagia from which he had been suffering for a number of years, having felt the sensation of a retrosternal lump and a self-limited obstruction to the passage of food. Endoscopy detected a submucosal tumor in the upper third of the esophagus, which was typified, via biopsy, as a granular cell tumor with benign characteristics and probably responsible for the symptoms. Two years later, the patient sought medical attention once again as these symptoms had not abated, hence digestive endoscopy was repeated. This revealed stenosis of the junction between the middle and lower thirds of the organ which had not been detected previously but was passable under gentle pressure. Eosinophilic esophagitis was detected after biopsies were taken. Esophageal manometry identified a motor disorder affecting the esophageal body. Following three months of treatment using fluticasone propionate applied topically, the symptoms went into remission, esophageal stenosis disappeared and the esophageal biopsies returned to normal. This is the first documented case of the link between granular cell tumors and Eosinophilic esophagitis, two different disorders which could cause dysphagia in young patients

Adaptation and Validation of QUick, Easy, New, CHEap, and Reproducible (QUENCHER) Antioxidant Capacity Assays in Model Products Obtained from Residual Wine Pomace

Evaluation of the total antioxidant capacity of solid matrices without extraction steps is a very interesting alternative for food researchers and also for food industries. These methodologies have been denominated QUENCHER from QUick, Easy, New, CHEap, and Reproducible assays. To demonstrate and highlight the validity of QUENCHER (Q) methods, values of Q-method validation were showed for the first time, and they were tested with products of well-known different chemical properties. Furthermore, new QUENCHER assays to measure scavenging capacity against superoxide, hydroxyl, and lipid peroxyl radicals were developed. Calibration models showed good linearity (R2 > 0.995), proportionality and precision (CV < 6.5%), and acceptable detection limits (<20.4 nmol Trolox equiv). The presence of ethanol in the reaction medium gave antioxidant capacity values significantly different from those obtained with water. The dilution of samples with powdered cellulose was discouraged because possible interferences with some of the matrices analyzed may take place.The autonomous government of Castilla y León (Project BU268A11-2

Resultados de la Vigilancia Epidemiológica de las enfermedades transmisibles. Informe anual. Año 2015

El objetivo final de la vigilancia de las enfermedades transmisibles es reducir su incidencia en la comunidad. La Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica (RENAVE) tiene entre sus funciones la recogida sistemática de la información epidemiológica, su análisis e interpretación y la difusión de los resultados. Este informe presenta los resultados de la vigilancia de las enfermedades transmisibles para el año 2015 realizada por los servicios de vigilancia de las comunidades autónomas y el Centro Nacional de Epidemiología (CNE) de acuerdo a los protocolos de la RENAVE.N