A metabolite profile reveals the presence of neurodegenerative conditions according to severity of hydrocephalus

Introduction: In obstructive congenital hydrocephalus, cerebrospinal fluid accumulation is associated with high intracranial pressure (ICP), ischemia/hypoxia, metabolic impairment, neuronal damage and astrocytic reaction. The hyh mutant mice exhibit two different forms of hydrocephalus evolution: severe and moderate. A study was carried out in hyh mice to detect a metabolite profile that define the tissue response in each hydrocephalus form. Methods: Metabolites levels in brain cortex were analyzed with 1H High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H HR-MAS) spectroscopy. The study was complemented with ICP recording and histopathological analysis. Results: Mice with severe hydrocephalus were found to have higher ICP and stronger astrocytic reaction. Several metabolites including glutamate and glutamine were found to correlate with the severity of hydrocephalus. The whole metabolite profile may be explained based in differential astrocyte reactions, neurodegenerative and ischemic conditions. The glutamate transporter EAAT2 and the metabolite taurine were found as key histopathological markers for the damaged parenchyma. Conclusions: Spectroscopy allowed the detection of a metabolite profile related to intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus severity, and therefore can be useful to monitor the efficacy of experimental therapies. Supported by Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech, and PI15/0619 (ISCIII/FEDER).Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Supported by Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech, and PI15/0619 (ISCIII/FEDER)

Reduction of N2O with hydrosilanes catalysed by RuSNS nanoparticles

A series of RuSNS nanoparticles, prepared by decomposition of Ru(COD)(COT) with H2 in the presence of an SNS ligand, have been found to catalyse the reduction of the greenhouse gas N2O to N2 employing different hydrosilanes.Agencia Estatal de Investigación ID2019-104159GB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103Junta de Andalucía P18-FR-3208, US-1380604Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas COOPB20604Universidad de Cádiz E-11-2019-013324

Nueva información sobre la coloración e historia natural del Cutín de Papallacta Pristimantis acerus (Lynch & Duellman, 1980) (Anura: Craugastoridae)

The Papallacta Robber Frog Pristimantis acerus (Lynch & Duellman) was described in 1980 and remains restricted to the Upper Napo River, Ecuador, lacking subsequent records after its original description. During herpetological surveys at Guango Lodge, several individuals of P. acerus were collected. We present herein new information on the individual and ontogenic colour variation and natural history of P. acerus.El Cutín de Papallacta Pristimantis acerus (Lynch & Duellman) fue descrito en 1980 y está restringido a la cuenca alta del río Napo, Ecuador, careciendo de registros posteriores a su descripción original. Durante evaluaciones herpetológicas en Guango Lodge, varios individuos de P. acerus fueron colectados. Presentamos aquí nueva información sobre la variación de color individual y ontogénica y la historia natural de P. acerus

Platinum nanoparticles stabilized by N-heterocyclic thiones. Synthesis and catalytic activity in mono- and di-hydroboration of alkynes

N-Heterocyclic Thiones (NHT) proved to be efficient ligands for the stabilization of small platinum nanoparticles (1.3-1.7 nm), synthesized by decomposition of [Pt(dba)2], under a H2 atmosphere, in the presence of variable sub-stoichiometric amounts of the NHT. Full characterization by means of TEM, HR-TEM, NMR, ICP, TGA and XPS have been carried out, providing information about the nature of the metal nanoparticles and the interaction of the NHT ligands to the metal surface. Importantly, DFT calculations indicate that some NHT ligands interact with the metal through the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C double bond of the imidazole fragment in addition to the sulfur atom, thus providing additional stabilization to the nanoparticles. According to XPS, TGA and ICP techniques, the surface coverage by the ligand increases by decreasing the size of the substituents on the nitrogen atom. The platinum nanoparticles have been used as catalyst in the hydroboration of alkynes. The most active system is that with a less covered surface area lacking an interaction of the ligand by means of the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C double bond. This catalyst hydroborates alkynes with excellent selectivities towards the monoborylated anti-Markovnikov product (vinyl-boronate) when one equiv. of borane is used. Very interestingly, aliphatic alkynes undergo a second hydroborylation process leading to the corresponding 1,1- and 1,2-diboroylated species with good selectivities towards the former.España MINECO (Projects CTQ2016-76267-P, CTQ2016-80814-R and CTQ2016- 81797-REDC)España Junta de Andalucía Project FQM-212

Interventions within the Scope of Occupational Therapy in the Hospital Discharge Process Post-Stroke: A Systematic Review

Stroke is one of the main causes of disability in adulthood. Its rehabilitation is a complex process that requires a multidisciplinary team of specialised professionals. The main goal of this review was to determine the impact of occupational therapy intervention post-stroke on the home discharge process. A systematic search was carried out of the following databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, Otseeker, and Dialnet. A screening was performed taking into account the type of article, including exclusively RCT, and type of intervention, only including interventions within the scope of occupational therapy that take place during the process of hospital discharge post-stroke. A total of 2285 citations were identified in the search from which 13 articles met the inclusion criteria. Comparisons of the groups indicated that early occupational therapy intervention during the process of hospital discharge can be effective in terms of functional recovery and can lead to the caregiver seeing improvements in self-efficacy and fatigue. In addition, the inclusion of a caregiver in the intervention influences the patient’s adherence to treatment, leading to a reduction in the cost of treatment and rehabilitation.This study will be supported by University of Malaga (Spain). Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Bartonella Endocarditis in Spain: Case Reports of 21 Cases

Endocarditis por Bartonella; Endocarditis infecciosaBartonella endocarditis; Infective endocarditisEndocarditis per Bartonella; Endocarditis infecciosaBlood culture negative endocarditis (BCNE) is frequent in infective endocarditis (IE). One of the causes of BCNE is fastidious microorganisms, such as Bartonella spp. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiologic, clinical characteristics, management and outcomes of patients with Bartonella IE from the “Spanish Collaboration on Endocarditis-Grupo de Apoyo al Manejo de la Endocarditis infecciosa en España (GAMES)”cohort. Here we presented 21 cases of Bartonella IE. This represents 0.3% of a total of 5590 cases and 2% of the BCNE from the GAMES cohort. 62% were due to Bartonella henselae and 38% to Bartonella quintana. Cardiac failure was the main presenting form (61.5% in B. hensalae, 87.5% in B. quintana IE) and the aortic valve was affected in 85% of the cases (76% in B. henselae, 100% in B. quintana IE). Typical signs such as fever were recorded in less than 40% of patients. Echocardiography showed vegetations in 92% and 100% of the patients with B. henselae and B. quintana, respectively. Culture was positive only in one patient and the remaining were diagnosed by serology and PCR. PCR was the most useful tool allowing for diagnosis in 16 patients (100% of the studied valves). Serology, at titers recommended by guidelines, only coincided with PCR in 52.4%. Antimicrobial therapy, in different combinations, was used in all cases. Surgery was performed in 76% of the patients. No in-hospital mortality was observed. One-year mortality was 9.4%. This article remarks the importance for investigating the presence of Bartonella infection as causative agent in all BCNE since the diagnosis needs specific microbiological tools and patients could benefit of a specific treatment

Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus from Oxcutzcab, Yucatán

Introduction: The complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), are the second leading cause of death in Oxcutzcab municipality of Yacatan, Mexico. The objective of the study was to estimate the burden of chronic kidney disease in a sample of patients with T2DM from Oxcutzcab municipality of Yacatan, Mexico, region characterized by high amound of poverty and vulnerabidity.Methods: This is a descriptive study involving 108 adult patients between 26 and 79 years old with T2DM who attended the PROSPERA, social protection program under the direction of Ministry of Social Development of Mexico (88% female and 12% male). Weight, height, BMI, and years of post T2DM diagnosis were measured. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula. Results: We found that 39.81% of participants had stage one kidney damage, 34.26% stage two, 24.07% stage three, one case of stage four, and one of stage five. BMI measurements indicated that 40.74% of participants were obese (?30kg/m2), 35.19% were overweight, and 1.85% were underweight. In terms of years since diagnosis, 37.04% of the participants were diagnosed five years ago and less, 29.63% of participants were diagnosed 6-10 years ago, 22.22% between 11-15 years ago, 8.33% between 16-20 years ago, and 2.78% of participants over 20 years ago.Conclusions: Most participants were in stages one to three of kidney damage, where the main objective of the medical team was medical treatment of T2DM and comorbidities, as well as nutritional support to prevent further complications. There was only one case in stage four and five each, where dialysis and kidney transplantation became necessary. Both cases presented had a history of T2DM for over 20 years. It is important to identify early kidney damage to improve quality of life, reduce the treatment costs, and lower mortality

Circular Sponge against miR-21 Enhances the Antitumor Activity of Doxorubicin against Breast Cancer Cells

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women, with chemotherapy being the main strategy. However, its effectiveness is reduced by drug resistance mechanisms. miR-21 is upregulated in breast cancer that has been linked to drug resistance and carcinogenic processes. Our aim was to capture miR-21 with a circular sponge (Circ-21) and thus inhibit the carcinogenic processes and drug resistance mechanisms in which it participates. Proliferation, migration, colony formation, cell cycle, and poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) detection assays were performed with MCF7 breast cancer cells and MCF10A non-tumor cells. In addition, doxorubicin resistance tests and detection of drug resistance gene expression were performed in MCF7 cells. Reduction in proliferation, as well as migration and colony formation, increased PARP-1 expression, inhibition of VEGF expression and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase were displayed in the Circ-21 MCF7, which were not observed in the MCF10A cells. Furthermore, in the MCF7 cells, the Circ-21 enhanced the antitumor activity of doxorubicin and decreased the expression of resistance genes: ABCA1, ABCC4, and ABCC5. Based on these results, the use of Circ-21 can be considered a first step for the establishment of an effective gene therapy in the treatment of breast cancer.CTS-107 GroupInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIEuropean Commission PI19/0147

EEG abnormalities and clinical phenotypes in pre-school children with autism spectrum disorder

Abnormalities on electroencephalography (EEG) results have been reported in a high percentage of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of EEG abnormalities in a clinical population of pre-school children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and the differences in terms of the following phenotypic characteristics: adaptive behavior, executive functioning, severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder core symptoms, and comorbidity symptoms.The first author have been supported by Alicia Koplowitz Foundation and University of Málaga to carry on the present study. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU

La imagen y la Narrativa como Herramientas para el Abordaje Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia - Departamentos de Cundinamarca y Tolima.

La imagen y la Narrativa como Herramientas para el Abordaje Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia - Departamentos de Cundinamarca y Tolima.El presente documento hace parte del trabajo desarrollado para el diplomado Acompañamiento Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia, que se orienta al fortalecimiento de las habilidades de los profesionales vinculados a la atención psicosocial en el establecimiento de estrategias para el abordaje de problemáticas relacionadas con las diferentes dinámicas de la violencia generada principalmente por el conflicto armado en Colombia. La exploración del tema ha permitido reconocer y analizar la complicada situación de las víctimas del conflicto armado, que no sólo han sido vulnerados en sus derechos fundamentales por actores armados de todos los frentes en conflicto, sino que se han visto revictimizados por el desplazamiento y la desatención que en muchos casos los obliga a reducirse a condiciones de miseria y mendicidad, haciéndose invisibles ante los agentes estatales y la sociedad en general. La negociación con el grupo armado FARC y la posterior firma de un acuerdo de paz entre este y el gobierno nacional, abrió las puertas para el descubrimiento y narración de múltiples sucesos que permanecían bajo la superficie, silenciados por el miedo a la retaliación de los victimarios y el generalizado sentimiento de inseguridad manifiesto en la población, principalmente en aquellos que han sido víctimas tanto directas como indirectas del conflicto armado en el país. Los relatos abordados en el presente documento dan cuenta de dicho silenciamiento, pasando de la perspectiva individual de la víctima de violencia y desplazamiento a la tragedia comunitaria de desarraigo, hacinamiento y desatención social, siendo esta una muestra de tantos relatos que se repiten en distintas partes del territorio nacional, dejando huellas psicológicas en las víctimas que no están siendo atendidas eficientemente por los programas psicosociales y haciendo necesario y apremiante el establecimiento de estrategias de abordaje que se orienten a la atención de las víctimas y la generación de procesos encaminados a la superación del trauma y la reintegración social, apoyados en la imagen y la narrativa como herramientas de liberación y superación de un discurso de tragedia y dolor, dirigidas a la creación de nuevos discursos de esperanza y construcción de sociedad.This document is part of the work developed for the diploma course of Psychosocial Accompaniment in Violence Scenarios, which is aimed at strengthening the skills of professionals linked to psychosocial care in the establishment of strategies for addressing problems related to the different dynamics of violence generated mainly by the armed conflict in Colombia. The exploration of the issue has made it possible to recognize and to analyze the complicated situation of the victims of the armed conflict, who have not only been violated in their fundamental rights by armed actors from all fronts in conflict, but have been seen re-victimized by the displacement and neglect that in many cases forces them to reduce themselves to conditions of misery and begging, making themselves invisible to state actors and society at large. The negotiation with the armed group FARC and the subsequent signing of a peace agreement between it and the national government, opened the doors for the discovery and narration of multiple events that remained beneath the surface, silenced by the fear of retaliation of the victims and the widespread sense of manifest insecurity in the population, mainly in those who have been directly and indirect victims of the armed conflict in the country. The accounts addressed in this document give an account of this silencing, moving from the individual perspective of the victim of violence and displacement, to the community tragedy of uprooting, overcrowding and social neglect, this being a sign of so many stories that are repeated in different parts of the national territory, leaving psychological traces on the victims that are not being efficiently addressed by psychosocial programs and making it necessary and pressing to establish approach strategies that focus on the care of victims and the generation of processes aimed at overcoming trauma and social reintegration, supported by the image and narrative as liberation tools and overcoming a discourse of tragedy and pain, aimed at creation new discourses of hope and building society