Optimizing the antioxidant biocompound recovery from peach waste extractionassisted by ultrasounds or microwaves

The possibility to valorize peach juice waste, either frozen or air-dried, through microwave (MAE) and ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) was evaluated. MAE power, UAE amplitude and time were optimized using a 22-factorial design. For frozen waste, optimal MAE (540 W, 50 s) and UAE (23%, 120 s) processes gave extracts presenting analogous content (on 100 g dry matter) of polyphenols (309-317 mg GAE), flavonoids (94-120 mg QE), anthocyanins (8-9 mg CGE), and similar antioxidant activity (2.1-2.2 mg TE). Extracts from dried waste resulted higher in polyphenols (630-670 mg GAE) but lower in flavonoids (75-90 mg QE), anthocyanins and vitamin C (not detectable). Although developing an energy density 2-fold higher than that of UAE, MAE more efficaciously extracted vitamin C (108 mg/100 g dm) and required half extraction time (50 s). MAE would also be less impactful than UAE in terms of greenhouse gas emission and energy requirements on industrial scale. The industrial valorization of peach waste through the application of microwave and ultrasound assisted extraction requires quantitative data, able to encourage company interest and investment. This study not only identifies optimal MAE and UAE parameters to assist the extraction of peach waste bioactive compounds but also provides a preliminary estimation of the potential economic and environmental impact on an industrial scale of these technologies

The dust environment of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko: results from Monte Carlo dust tail modelling applied to a large ground-based observation data set

We present an extensive data set of ground-based observations and models of the dust environment of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko covering a large portion of the orbital arc from about 4.5 au pre-perihelion through 3.0 au post-perihelion, acquired during the current orbit. In addition, we have also applied the model to a dust trail image acquired during this orbit, as well as to dust trail observations obtained during previous orbits, in both the visible and the infrared. The results of the Monte Carlo modelling of the dust tail and trail data are generally consistent with the in situ results reported so far by the Rosetta instruments Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System (OSIRIS) and Grain Impact Analyser and Dust Accumulator (GIADA). We found the comet nucleus already active at 4.5 au pre-perihelion, with a dust production rate increasing up to ∼3000 kg s−1 some 20 d after perihelion passage. The dust size distribution at sizes smaller than r = 1 mm is linked to the nucleus seasons, being described by a power law of index −3.0 during the comet nucleus southern hemisphere winter but becoming considerably steeper, with values between −3.6 and −4.3, during the nucleus southern hemisphere summer, which includes perihelion passage (from about 1.7 au inbound to 2.4 au outbound). This agrees with the increase of the steepness of the dust size distribution found from GIADA measurements at perihelion showing a power index of −3.7. The size distribution at sizes larger than 1 mm for the current orbit is set to a power law of index −3.6, which is near the average value of in situ measurements by OSIRIS on large particles. However, in order to fit the trail data acquired during past orbits previous to the 2009 perihelion passage, a steeper power-law index of −4.1 has been set at those dates, in agreement with previous trail modelling. The particle sizes are set at a minimum of r = 10 μm, and a maximum size, which increases with decreasing heliocentric distance, in the 1–40 cm radius domain. The particle terminal velocities are found to be consistent with the in situ measurements as derived from the instrument GIADA on board Rosetta

Patologías osteomusculares relacionadas con el trabajo en empresas metalúrgicas: revisión de la literatura

Las patologías osteomusculares engloban una serie de entidades clínicas específicas que se reflejan en lesiones degenerativas o inflamatorias de músculos, o con incidencia en los tendones y/o membranas que los recubren. También incluyen síndromes de atrapamiento nervioso con su consecuente neuropatía, así como alteraciones de tipo articular y neurovasculares. Objetivo Realizar una revisión de la literatura de los años 1997 a 2016 de las patologías osteomusculares relacionadas con el trabajo en empresas metalúrgicas. Metodología Revisión documental en la que se incluyeron artículos del año 1997 a 2016, publicados en bases de datos y revistas electrónicas en idioma inglés, español y portugués, utilizando las palabras clave como sobrecarga postural, evaluación ergonómica y métodos ergonómicos. En total fueron seleccionados 15 trabajos. Resultados: De acuerdo con los estudios analizados se puede determinar que los trabajadores presentan mayor frecuencia de síntomas osteomusculares en la región lumbar (17,4% a 69,63%), seguido por rodilla (s) (12,5% a 56,66%), región dorsal (37,5% a 46,59%), hombro (14,9% a 41,09%), cuello (0,8% a 36,64%) y tobillo / pies (33,44% a 37,54%). Se encontró asociación entre el trabajo y los síntomas musculo-esqueléticos, la vibración, las acciones laborales repetitivas y el levantamiento de peso considerándose un riesgo medio-alto para lesiones osteomusculares. Conclusiones: Las estrategias de intervención a través de programas ergonómicos en los lugares de trabajo para la eliminación de los peligros ambientales prueban ser una estrategia efectiva para contrarrestar la ausencia laboral. Así mismo, es pertinente la identificación de condiciones psicosociales y su asociación con enfermedades crónicas. La revisión permite aseverar que la aplicación de métodos de evaluación ergonómicos y de análisis de proyección de las cargas, permiten una aproximación bastante exacta frente a la identificación de condiciones que favorecen la aparición de patologías osteomusculares en el campo de la actividad metalúrgica. Palabras claves: Síntomas osteomusculares, metalurgia, enfermedad laboral, factor de riesgo, medicina del trabajo, dolor lumbar; trastornos traumáticos acumulativosSUMMARY  Musculoskeletal pathologies encompass a number of specific clinical entities that are reflected in degenerative or inflammatory lesions of muscles, or affecting the tendons and / or membranes that cover them. They also include nerve entrapment syndromes with their consequent neuropathy, as well as joint and neurovascular alterations.   objective   To carry out a review of the literature from the years 1997 to 2016 of musculoskeletal disorders related to work in metallurgical companies.   Methodology   Documentary review which included articles from 1997 to 2016, published in databases and electronic journals in English, Spanish and Portuguese, using keywords such as postural overload, ergonomic evaluation and ergonomic methods. A total of 15 papers were selected.   Results: According to the analyzed studies it can be determined that the workers present a higher frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms in the lumbar region (17.4% to 69.63%), followed by knee (12.5% ​​to 56, 66%), dorsal region (37.5% to 46.59%), shoulder (14.9% to 41.09%), neck (0.8% to 36.64%) and ankle / 44% to 37.54%). We found an association between work and musculoskeletal symptoms, vibration, repetitive work actions and weight lifting considered as a medium-high risk for musculoskeletal injuries. Conclusions: The strategies of intervention through ergonomic programs in the workplace to eliminate environmental hazards prove to be an effective strategy to counter work absence. Likewise, the identification of psychosocial conditions and their association with chronic diseases is relevant. The review makes it possible to assert that the application of ergonomic evaluation methods and analysis of projections of loads, allow a fairly accurate approach to the identification of conditions that favor the appearance of musculoskeletal pathologies in the field of metallurgical activity.   Key words: Musculoskeletal symptoms, metallurgy, occupational disease, risk factor, occupational medicine, low back pain; Cumulative traumatic disordersUniversidad del Rosari

Patologías osteomusculares relacionadas con el trabajo en empresas metalúrgicas: revisión de la literatura

Las patologías osteomusculares engloban una serie de entidades clínicas específicas que se reflejan en lesiones degenerativas o inflamatorias de músculos, o con incidencia en los tendones y/o membranas que los recubren. También incluyen síndromes de atrapamiento nervioso con su consecuente neuropatía, así como alteraciones de tipo articular y neurovasculares. Objetivo Realizar una revisión de la literatura de los años 1997 a 2016 de las patologías osteomusculares relacionadas con el trabajo en empresas metalúrgicas. Metodología Revisión documental en la que se incluyeron artículos del año 1997 a 2016, publicados en bases de datos y revistas electrónicas en idioma inglés, español y portugués, utilizando las palabras clave como sobrecarga postural, evaluación ergonómica y métodos ergonómicos. En total fueron seleccionados 15 trabajos. Resultados: De acuerdo con los estudios analizados se puede determinar que los trabajadores presentan mayor frecuencia de síntomas osteomusculares en la región lumbar (17,4% a 69,63%), seguido por rodilla (s) (12,5% a 56,66%), región dorsal (37,5% a 46,59%), hombro (14,9% a 41,09%), cuello (0,8% a 36,64%) y tobillo / pies (33,44% a 37,54%). Se encontró asociación entre el trabajo y los síntomas musculo-esqueléticos, la vibración, las acciones laborales repetitivas y el levantamiento de peso considerándose un riesgo medio-alto para lesiones osteomusculares. Conclusiones: Las estrategias de intervención a través de programas ergonómicos en los lugares de trabajo para la eliminación de los peligros ambientales prueban ser una estrategia efectiva para contrarrestar la ausencia laboral. Así mismo, es pertinente la identificación de condiciones psicosociales y su asociación con enfermedades crónicas. La revisión permite aseverar que la aplicación de métodos de evaluación ergonómicos y de análisis de proyección de las cargas, permiten una aproximación bastante exacta frente a la identificación de condiciones que favorecen la aparición de patologías osteomusculares en el campo de la actividad metalúrgica. Palabras claves: Síntomas osteomusculares, metalurgia, enfermedad laboral, factor de riesgo, medicina del trabajo, dolor lumbar; trastornos traumáticos acumulativosSUMMARY  Musculoskeletal pathologies encompass a number of specific clinical entities that are reflected in degenerative or inflammatory lesions of muscles, or affecting the tendons and / or membranes that cover them. They also include nerve entrapment syndromes with their consequent neuropathy, as well as joint and neurovascular alterations.   objective   To carry out a review of the literature from the years 1997 to 2016 of musculoskeletal disorders related to work in metallurgical companies.   Methodology   Documentary review which included articles from 1997 to 2016, published in databases and electronic journals in English, Spanish and Portuguese, using keywords such as postural overload, ergonomic evaluation and ergonomic methods. A total of 15 papers were selected.   Results: According to the analyzed studies it can be determined that the workers present a higher frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms in the lumbar region (17.4% to 69.63%), followed by knee (12.5% ​​to 56, 66%), dorsal region (37.5% to 46.59%), shoulder (14.9% to 41.09%), neck (0.8% to 36.64%) and ankle / 44% to 37.54%). We found an association between work and musculoskeletal symptoms, vibration, repetitive work actions and weight lifting considered as a medium-high risk for musculoskeletal injuries. Conclusions: The strategies of intervention through ergonomic programs in the workplace to eliminate environmental hazards prove to be an effective strategy to counter work absence. Likewise, the identification of psychosocial conditions and their association with chronic diseases is relevant. The review makes it possible to assert that the application of ergonomic evaluation methods and analysis of projections of loads, allow a fairly accurate approach to the identification of conditions that favor the appearance of musculoskeletal pathologies in the field of metallurgical activity.   Key words: Musculoskeletal symptoms, metallurgy, occupational disease, risk factor, occupational medicine, low back pain; Cumulative traumatic disordersUniversidad del Rosari

Photoactivatable organometallic pyridyl ruthenium(II) arene complexes

The synthesis and characterization of a family of piano-stool RuII arene complexes of the type [(η6-arene)Ru(N,N′)(L)][PF6]2, where arene is p-cymene (p-cym), hexamethylbenzene (hmb), or indane (ind), N,N′ is 2,2′-bipyrimidine (bpm), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phendio), or 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (bathophen), and L is pyridine (Py), 4-methylpyridine (4-MePy), 4-methoxypyridine (4-MeOPy), 4,4′-bipyridine (4,4′-bpy), 4-phenylpyridine (4-PhPy), 4-benzylpyridine (4-BzPy), 1,2,4-triazole (trz), 3-acetylpyridine (3-AcPy), nicotinamide (NA), or methyl nicotinate (MN), are reported, including the X-ray crystal structures of [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(4-MePy)]2+ (2), [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(4-BzPy)]2+ (6), [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(trz)]2+ (7), [(η6-p-cym)Ru(phen)(Py)]2+ (10), and [(η6-ind)Ru(bpy)(Py)]2+ (13). These complexes can selectively photodissociate the monodentate ligand (L) when excited with UVA or white light, allowing strict control of the formation of the reactive aqua species [(η6-arene)Ru(N,N′)(OH2)]2+ that otherwise would not form in the dark. The photoproducts were characterized by UV–vis absorption and 1H NMR spectroscopy. DFT and TD-DFT calculations were employed to characterize the excited states and to obtain information on the photochemistry of the complexes. All the RuII pyridine complexes follow a relatively similar photochemical L-ligand dissociation mechanism, likely to occur from a series of 3MC triplet states with dissociative character. The photochemical process proved to be much more efficient when UVA-range irradiation was used. More strikingly, light activation was used to phototrigger binding of these potential anticancer agents with discriminating preference toward 9-ethylguanine (9-EtG) over 9-ethyladenine (9-EtA). Calf thymus (CT)-DNA binding studies showed that the irradiated complexes bind to CT-DNA, whereas the nonirradiated forms bind negligibly. Studies of CT-DNA interactions in cell-free media suggest combined weak monofunctional coordinative and intercalative binding modes. The RuII arene complexes [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(Py)]2+ (1), [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(4-MeOPy)]2+ (3), [(η6-p-cym)Ru(4,4′-bpy)]2+ (4), [(η6-hmb)Ru(bpm)(Py)]2+ (8), [(η6-ind)Ru(bpm)(Py)]2+ (9), [(η6-p-cym)Ru(phen)(Py)]2+ (10), [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bathophen)(Py)]2+ (12), [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(NA)]2+ (15), and [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(MN)]2+ (16) were cytotoxic toward A2780 human ovarian cancer cell line in the absence of photoirradiation (IC50 values in the range of 9.0–60 μM)

Bipyrimidine ruthenium(II) arene complexes : structure, reactivity and cytotoxicity

The synthesis and characterization of complexes [(η6-arene)Ru(N,N′)X][PF6], where arene is para-cymene (p-cym), biphenyl (bip), ethyl benzoate (etb), hexamethylbenzene (hmb), indane (ind) or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (thn), N,N′ is 2,2′-bipyrimidine (bpm) and X is Cl, Br or I, are reported, including the X-ray crystal structures of [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)I][PF6], [(η6-bip)Ru(bpm)Cl][PF6], [(η6-bip)Ru(bpm)I][PF6] and [(η6-etb)Ru(bpm)Cl][PF6]. Complexes in which N,N′ is 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione or 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (bathophen) were studied for comparison. The RuII arene complexes undergo ligand-exchange reactions in aqueous solution at 310 K; their half-lives for hydrolysis range from 14 to 715 min. Density functional theory calculations on [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)Cl][PF6], [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)Br][PF6], [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)I][PF6], [(η6-bip)Ru(bpm)Cl][PF6], [(η6-bip)Ru(bpm)Br][PF6] and [(η6-bip)Ru(bpm)I][PF6] suggest that aquation occurs via an associative pathway and that the reaction is thermodynamically favourable when the leaving ligand is I > Br ≈ Cl. pK a* values for the aqua adducts of the complexes range from 6.9 to 7.32. A binding preference for 9-ethylguanine (9-EtG) compared with 9-ethyladenine (9-EtA) was observed for [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)Cl][PF6], [(η6-hmb)Ru(bpm)Cl]+, [(η6-ind)Ru(bpm)Cl]+, [(η6-thn)Ru(bpm)Cl]+, [(η6-p-cym)Ru(phen)Cl]+ and [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bathophen)Cl]+ in aqueous solution at 310 K. The X-ray crystal structure of the guanine complex [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)(9-EtG-N7)][PF6]2 shows multiple hydrogen bonding. Density functional theory calculations show that the 9-EtG adducts of all complexes are thermodynamically preferred compared with those of 9-EtA. However, the bmp complexes are inactive towards A2780 human ovarian cancer cells. Calf thymus DNA interactions for [(η6-p-cym)Ru(bpm)Cl][PF6] and [(η6-p-cym)Ru(phen)Cl][PF6] consist of weak coordinative, intercalative and monofunctional coordination. Binding to biomolecules such as glutathione may play a role in deactivating the bpm complexes

Digitalización de documentos científicos en el Centro de Información y Documentación Científica del Instituto Nacional de Salud

Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorEl documento digital no refiere asesorPretende introducir a los investigadores sobre la importancia de la digitalización como medio para conseguir la preservación de la información, no sólo contenida originalmente en formato tradicional, papel, sino también digital. Como tal, el presente informe describe el proceso de digitalización llevado a cabo por el Centro de Información y Documentación Científica del INS y se ha subdividido en cuatro capítulos para su mejor comprensión.Trabajo de suficiencia profesiona

PELATIHAN MENGIDENTIFIKASI KESULITAN PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KARIR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SKPK PADA SISWA SMA DI MGBK SMA JAKARTA TIMUR

Abstract The community service is one of task in tri dharma perguruan tinggi, for this session, community service activity have aims to train guidance and counseling teachers in identifying career decision-making difficulties for students using the SKPK (Career Decision Making Difficulties Questionnaire /CDDQ). Difficulties in career decision making are still experienced by high school students. The form of career decision in question is determining the choice of further study. Most students are not know where they will continue their education. The training on the use of SKPK was attended by 20 high school BK teachers in East Jakarta. Systematic activities consist of a general explanation of the importance of analyzing the difficulty of career decision making in high school to further carry out SKPK filling tests and how to analyze SKPK data entry results to be made in a data processing format. Based on preliminary data before the activity was carried out all teachers stated that there had never been an instrument that specifically analyzed the difficulties of career decision making, the impact was that there were no career BK services specifically directed at how to overcome the difficulties of career decision making. source of accurate information obtained through the assessment. Abstrak Pengabdian kepada masyarkat merupakan salah satu tugas dalam tri dharma perguruan tinggi, Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melatih guru-guru bimbingan dan konseling dalam mengidentifikasi kesulitan pengambilan keputusan karir pada siswa dengan menggunakan SKPK (Skala kesulitan Pengambilan keputusan Karir). Kesulitan pengambilan keputusan karir masih banyak dialami oleh siswa SMA. Bentuk keputusan karir yang dimaksud adalah menentukan pilihan studi lanjutan. Sebagian besar siswa tidak mengetahui secara pasti kemana mereka akan melanjutkan Pendidikan. Pelatihan penggunaan SKPK dihadiri oleh 20 orang guru Bimbingan dan Konseling SMA di Jakarta Timur. Sistematika kegiatan terdiri dari penjelasan umum mengenai pentingnya menganalisis kesulitan pengambilan keputusan karir di SMA untuk selanjutnya melakukan ujicoba pengisian SKPK dan cara menganalisis hasil entri data SKPK untuk dibuat dalam format pengolahan data. Berdasarkan data awal sebelum kegiatan dilaksanakan seluruh guru menyatakan bahwa belum pernah ada instrument yang secara spesifik menganalisis kesulitan pengambilan keputusan karir, dampaknya adalah tidak ada layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling karir yang secara spesifik diarahkan kepada cara mengatasi kesulitan pengambilan keputusan karir tersebut, Program Bimbingan dan Konseling karir yang dijalankan tidak memiliki sumber informasi yang akurat yang diperoleh melalui asessmen

College students : risk preferences and pregaming

Pre-gaming is a drinking practice performed before attending a social event where more alcohol may or may not be consumed (Borsari, Murphy, et al., 2007; Pedersen & LaBrie, 2007; White & Hingson, 2013; Zamboanga et al., 2011; Pilatti et al., 2018) and is highly prevalent among young adults. There is abundant literature linking pre-gaming to binge drinking and the negative consequences associated with alcohol consumption. Therefore, pregaming and the associated health risks are important public health issues. The aim of this research is to extend the scarce research on this issue in Argentina in three respects. First, we adopt a microeconomic approach to analyze students' decisions to participate in pre-gaming. Second, we identify students' preferences in relation to their tolerance to the risk of exposing their health to health-damaging behaviors and analyze their relationship with choice. Third, we used primary information collected from a survey of consumption habits carried out in the faculties of economic sciences of the UNC and UNCU. Using selected items we identify four classes or groups according to their risk preferences. Although more than 40% of the students pregame, belonging to the groups with a greater predisposition to risk is associated with a higher probability of attending pre-parting.Fil: Lara, María Inés. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: De Santis, Mariana Olga. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Carrazana Rivera, Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Castroff, Carolina Edith. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas

Limitación de soporte vital. Cuidados paliativos y final de vida en UCI

La misión de los cuidados intensivos es restaurar la situación basal de salud libre de discapacidad severa atendiendo al principio bioético de beneficencia, respetando la dignidad y voluntad del paciente de ser tratado lo que vendría a ser atender al principio bioético de autonomía, y realizando todo esto de una forma adecuada a la mejor evidencia actual, justa y sostenible atendiendo a los principios de no maleficencia y de justicia. Cuando no es posible es cuando los profesionales tienen la obligación ética de iniciar un diálogo de manera respetuosa y prudente con el  paciente y/o la familia y el resto de profesionales implicados (atención primaria, enfermería, especialistas...etc.) de cara a llegar a un consenso sobre limitar los tratamientos de soporte vital y/o adecuar  los cuidados y continuar el tratamiento con un plan terapéutico de cuidados dirigidos al confort, control de síntomas y a mejorar la calidad de vida (Plan de cuidados paliativos) para preservar la dignidad del paciente, evitar el sufrimiento y proporcionar un tratamiento compasivo de soporte y acompañamiento durante el proceso de muerte si se diera el mismo atendiendo al paciente y a la familia con el máximo cuidado y respeto en un marco de humanización de la salud. Atender de forma excelente el final de la vida significa dignificar a las personas que están pasando por ese proceso, aportar un valor extraordinario de humanidad y debe ser un objetivo prioritario actual en nuestro quehacer diario en las unidades de cuidados intensivos