End of Course Testing in Georgia High Schools

The requirement for end-of-course testing to replace Georgia\u27s current high school graduation test surfaced on January 30, 1999, when Representatives Porter, Jamieson, Taylor, Ashe, and O\u27Neal co-sponsored House Bill 308. This bill amended the Quality Basic Education Act to require that secondary school students pass end-of-course tests in order to receive credit for Algebra I, American and Georgia Government, American history, American literature, Biology I, Chemistry I, Geometry, and Writing and Composition. According to this bill, the State Board of Education no later than July 1, 2000, would be required to adopt end-of-course assessment instruments ... and shall establish a passing score for each such instrument. On and after September 1, 2000, students would not receive credit for these courses unless they earned a passing score (Georgia School Superintendents Association, 1999-2000). The bill passed the General Assembly and became law on July 1, 1999

Consumers' and producers' cooperatives in the United States

This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

A study of the causes of success and failure in the state-wide arithmetic contest of 1925

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Die urbane Frauenbewegung in Mexiko - Interventionen gegen sexistische Gewalt

"Mexiko gilt gemeinhin als die Wiege des 'machismo'. Obwohl verläßliche Statistiken bis heute nicht zur Verfügung stehen, scheinen dort, glaubt man der Medienberichterstattung der letzten Jahre, Gewalt und Erniedrigung vielleicht noch mehr als anderswo zum Alltag mexikanischer Frauen zu gehören. Doch Teile von ihnen haben sich genau dagegen zusammengeschlossen und organisiert: Ein Frauenhaus, vier Sonderkommissariate für Sexualdelikte, ein Zentrum für die Behandlung der Opfer innerfamiliärer Gewalt und eine stattliche Reihe geänderter oder neu verabschiedeter Gesetze im Straf- und Zivilrecht sind die greifbaren Ergebnisse der Interaktion zwischen Feministinnen und einem krisengeschüttelten mexikanischen Staat, die hier nachgezeichnet werden sollen. Fokus der Analyse ist dabei die Hauptstadt Mexiko-City, denn die dortigen Entwicklungen im politischen und gesetzgeberischen Bereich haben Vorreiterfunktion für die anderen mexikanischen Bundesstaaten." (Autorenreferat

Nabón: construyendo el Sumak Kawsay desde abajo

Nabón: Construyendo el Sumak Kawsay desde abajo relata varias etapas de los procesos sociales vividos en Nabón (Azuay). Presenta interesantes análisis sociológicos sobre el modelo de desarrollo alternativo, comprendido desde lo comunitario, la interactividad con la institucionalidad local, la complementariedad de la asistencia técnica y la cooperación internacional. La construcción colectiva de veinticinco años en Nabón, liderada por mujeres e inspirada en las prácticas indígenas de autogobierno, suscita interés mundial. La soberanía alimentaria, la producción agroecológica, el fortalecimiento de mercados locales, la reconstrucción de relaciones armónicas con la naturaleza y la profundización de la democracia, como se practican en Nabón, constituyen pistas para salir de la crisis social, ecológica, económica y política que la sociedad enfrenta

San Mao and the known world

'San Mao' was one of the most popular writers of the 1970s and 1980s in the Chinese-speaking world. This study deals with some of San Mao's best-loved stories, namely the tales set in the Sahara Desert and in Europe. It examines San Mao's portrayals of foreign countries and foreign people, and of herself in interaction with them. It endeavours to demonstrate the function of San Mao as an exemplary self for readers, and to situate the San Mao persona in relation to the world she created in her texts

Gritos, grietas y siembras de nuestros territorios del sur: Catherine Walsh y el pensamiento crítico-decolonial en América Latina

Este libro es un trabajo colectivo, de homenaje y reconocimiento al trabajo investigativo, pedagógico y activista de Catherine Walsh. Sus trayectorias han privilegiado el proyecto político, ético y existencial de la interculturalidad crítica y la decolonialidad, cuyos ejes centrales entretejen la geopolítica del conocimiento, las luchas políticas y la praxis social de los pueblos afrodescendientes e indígenas, los pensamientos feministas y las pedagogías alternativas. Cathy es una incansable tejedora de espacios colectivos que abren grietas y siembran semillas. Su tarea ha sido encaminar y acompañar a colectivos, líderes y lideresas que trabajan fuera de la academia. Y su compromiso ha sido ese: pensar “con”, nunca sobre o a propósito de otros. El activismo social, la in-disciplina, la desobediencia epistémica, el pensamiento crítico, enraizado en la lucha por la justicia social, contra la violencia y la deshumanización que viven hoy los pueblos y comunidades racializadas en América Latina, definen el caminar de Catherine Walsh. Aquí, quienes caminaron con ella, estudiantes, colegas, intelectuales y militantes latinoamericanos, relatan las dimensiones de la transformación impulsada por ella en los cuerpos, las comunidades y los territorios del pensar

New Insights into the Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in Regulating the Inflammatory Response after Tissue Injury

Major trauma results in a strong inflammatory response in injured tissue. This posttraumatic hyperinflammation has been implied in the adverse events leading to a breakdown of host defense mechanisms and ultimately to delayed organ failure. Ligands to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have recently been identified as potent modulators of inflammation in various acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. The main mechanism of action mediated by ligand binding to PPARs is the inhibition of the nuclear transcription factor NF-κB, leading to downregulation of downstream gene transcription, such as for genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines. Pharmacological PPAR agonists exert strong anti-inflammatory properties in various animal models of tissue injury, including central nervous system trauma, ischemia/reperfusion injury, sepsis, and shock. In addition, PPAR agonists have been shown to induce wound healing process after tissue trauma. The present review was designed to provide an up-to-date overview on the current understanding of the role of PPARs in the pathophysiology of the inflammatory response after major trauma. Therapeutic options for using recombinant PPAR agonists as pharmacological agents in the management of posttraumatic inflammation will be discussed

Neo-Extractivism in Latin America – one side of a new phase of global capitalist dynamics

The aim of this text is to make sense of the emerging political-institutional, territorial, and socio-ecological dynamics and contradictions of neo-extractivism in Latin America in the context of global capitalist development. In contrast to some existing literature, we argue that the term ‘neo-extractivism’ should not be restricted to countries with progressive governments but be applied to all Latin American societies that, since the 1970s and especially since the year 2000, depend predominantly on the exploitation and exportation of nature. We argue that the often vague usage of the term neo-extractivism can be strengthened when it is seen in line with dominant development models. Therefore we refer to regulation theory and its historical heuristic of different phases of capitalist development. This enables us to look at the temporal-spatial interdependencies between shifting socio-economic and technological developments, world market structures, and political-institutional configurations that characterize neo-extractivism across scales and beyond national borders