Endelig nok om Hitler?

- Hitler: Mein Kampf. Eine kritische Edition. Band I-II. Hrgs. von Christian Hartmann, Thomas Vordermayer, Roman Töppel. Institut für Zeitgeschichte, München-Berlin, 2016.- Othmar Plöckinger: Geschichte eines Buches: Adolf Hitlers „Mein Kampf“. München, 2006.- Hitlers „Mein Kampf“. Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte (APuZ 43-45/2015). Herausgegeben von der Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung. Bonn, 2015 [gratis hos Bundeszentrale].- Volker Ullrich: Adolf Hitler. Biographie. Band 1: Die Jahre des Aufstiegs 1889-1939. S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, 2013.- Peter Longerich: Hitler. Biographie. Siedler Verlag, München, 2015.- Wolfram Pyta: Hitler. Der Künstler als Politiker und Feldherr. Eine Herrschaftsanalyse. Siedler Verlag, München, 2015.- Thomas Weber: Wie Adolf Hitler zum Nazi wurde. Vom unpolitischen Soldaten zum Autor von „Mein Kampf“. Propyläen Verlag, Berlin, 2016.- Christoph Raichle: Hitler als Symbolpolitiker. Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart, 2014.- Hitler und die Deutschen. Volksgemeinschaft und Verbrechen. (Im Auftrag der Stiftung Deutsches Historische Museum Berlin). Hrgs. von Hans-Ulrich Thamer und Simone Erpel. Dresden, 2011

Joseph Goebbels (1897-1945) – en politisk karriere

I foråret 2013 arrangerede Det Kongelige Bibliotek en foredragsrække under titlen “Kontroversielle politikere i det 20. og 21. århundrede” og inviterede her en række danske historikere til at præsentere deres forskning. Foredraget om Hitlers propagandaminister Joseph Goebbels bringes her i en lettere revideret udgave.I foråret 2013 arrangerede Det Kongelige Bibliotek en foredragsrække under titlen “Kontroversielle politikere i det 20. og 21. århundrede” og inviterede her en række danske historikere til at præsentere deres forskning. Foredraget om Hitlers propagandaminister Joseph Goebbels bringes her i en lettere revideret udgave

Sow and Litter Performance for Individual Crate and Group Hoop Barn Gestation Housing Systems: A Progress Report II

The effects of swine gestation housing on sow and litter performance were evaluated at the Iowa State University Lauren Christian Swine Research and Demonstration Farm near Atlantic, IA. The gestation systems were 1) individual gestation crates in a mechanically ventilated, partially slatted floor, manure flush confinement building (CRATE); and 2) group pens in deep-bedded, naturally ventilated hoop structures (HOOP). The HOOP sows were fed with individual feed stalls. The sows were artificially inseminated in a confinement breeding barn with slatted floors and were later moved to their assigned gestation housing treatment. Sows included in the study continued in the same gestation housing their entire time at the farm. All first-litter gilts were gestated in individual gestation crates to minimize sow size differential in the groups. There were 35 sows per group in the HOOP barns. Farrowing occurred every 2 weeks on a year-round basis. All sows were fed 4.5 lb/day and increased to 6 lb/day during the last trimester of gestation. During the winter, HOOP sows were fed 25% more and CRATE sows were fed 5% more. Reproductive performance was summarized for 493 litters during the period March 2001 to September 2003. This is a progress report of a continuing study. Preliminary trends were a shorter wean-to-breed interval, 0.5 more live pigs born per litter, and 0.5 more pigs weaned/sow/year for HOOP sows compared with CRATE sows. Higher percentages of stillborn and mummied pigs were observed in the HOOP sows compared with the CRATE sows. Slightly lower pre-wean mortality and sow culling rates occurred in the CRATE sows as compared with HOOP sows, with similar sow mortality rates for both groups. The preliminary data suggests that gestating sows can be housed in deep-bedded hoop barns equipped with individual feeding stalls and achieve results comparable to individual crated gestation systems

Molecular Ultrasound Imaging of Junctional Adhesion Molecule A Depicts Acute Alterations in Blood Flow and Early Endothelial Dysregulation

Objective: The junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) is physiologically located in interendothelial tight junctions and focally redistributes to the luminal surface of blood vessels under abnormal shear and flow conditions accompanying atherosclerotic lesion development. Therefore, JAM-A was evaluated as a target for molecularly targeted ultrasound imaging of transient endothelial dysfunction under acute blood flow variations. Approach and Results: Flow-dependent endothelial dysfunction was induced in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (n=43) by carotid partial ligation. JAM-A expression was investigated by molecular ultrasound using antibody-targeted poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) microbubbles and validated with immunofluorescence. Flow disturbance and arterial remodeling were assessed using functional ultrasound. Partial ligation led to an immediate drop in perfusion at the ligated side and a direct compensatory increase at the contralateral side. This was accompanied by a strongly increased JAM-A expression and JAM-A-targeted microbubbles binding at the partially ligated side and by a moderate and temporary increase in the contralateral artery (approximate to 14x [P<0.001] and approximate to 5x [P<0.001] higher than control, respectively), both peaking after 2 weeks. Subsequently, although JAM-A expression and JAM-A-targeted microbubbles binding persisted at a higher level at the partially ligated side, it completely normalized within 4 weeks at the contralateral side. Conclusions: Temporary blood flow variations induce endothelial rearrangement of JAM-A, which can be visualized using JAM-A-targeted microbubbles. Thus, JAM-A may be considered as a marker of acute endothelial activation and dysfunction. Its imaging may facilitate the early detection of cardiovascular risk areas, and it enables the therapeutic prevention of their progression toward an irreversible pathological state

Enriched biodiversity data as a resource and service

Background: Recent years have seen a surge in projects that produce large volumes of structured, machine-readable biodiversity data. To make these data amenable to processing by generic, open source “data enrichment” workflows, they are increasingly being represented in a variety of standards-compliant interchange formats. Here, we report on an initiative in which software developers and taxonomists came together to address the challenges and highlight the opportunities in the enrichment of such biodiversity data by engaging in intensive, collaborative software development: The Biodiversity Data Enrichment Hackathon. Results: The hackathon brought together 37 participants (including developers and taxonomists, i.e. scientific professionals that gather, identify, name and classify species) from 10 countries: Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Finland, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the UK, and the US. The participants brought expertise in processing structured data, text mining, development of ontologies, digital identification keys, geographic information systems, niche modeling, natural language processing, provenance annotation, semantic integration, taxonomic name resolution, web service interfaces, workflow tools and visualisation. Most use cases and exemplar data were provided by taxonomists. One goal of the meeting was to facilitate re-use and enhancement of biodiversity knowledge by a broad range of stakeholders, such as taxonomists, systematists, ecologists, niche modelers, informaticians and ontologists. The suggested use cases resulted in nine breakout groups addressing three main themes: i) mobilising heritage biodiversity knowledge; ii) formalising and linking concepts; and iii) addressing interoperability between service platforms. Another goal was to further foster a community of experts in biodiversity informatics and to build human links between research projects and institutions, in response to recent calls to further such integration in this research domain. Conclusions: Beyond deriving prototype solutions for each use case, areas of inadequacy were discussed and are being pursued further. It was striking how many possible applications for biodiversity data there were and how quickly solutions could be put together when the normal constraints to collaboration were broken down for a week. Conversely, mobilising biodiversity knowledge from their silos in heritage literature and natural history collections will continue to require formalisation of the concepts (and the links between them) that define the research domain, as well as increased interoperability between the software platforms that operate on these concepts

Embedded nanograting-based waveplates for polarization control in integrated photonic circuits

Femtosecond laser direct writing (FLDW) enables precise three-dimensional structuring of transparent host materials such as fused silica. With this technique, reliable integrated optical circuits can be written, which are also a possible candidate for future quantum technologies. We demonstrate the manufacturing of integrated waveplates with arbitrary orientations and various phase delays by combining embedded birefringent nanograting structures and FLDW waveguides in fused silica glass. These waveplates can be used both for classical applications and for quantum gates