« Haro sur l’affichage ! » Agir par écrit contre la publicité dans l’espace public parisien

Cet article propose une analyse du phénomène des graffitis anti-publicitaires à travers une enquête réalisée auprès du collectif des Déboulonneurs, rassemblant des militants spécialisés dans les actions médiatiques réalisées à visage découvert. L’étude d’une action spécifique mise en œuvre par ce collectif (les « barbouillages ») met en évidence la façon dont ces militants inscrivent leur lutte contre ce qui est désigné comme une « pollution visuelle » dans l’espace physique de la ville. Les « barbouillages », dont le but officiel est de modifier la loi sur l’affichage publicitaire, sont construits comme des événements publics. Deux aspects de cette mise en scène de l’écrit dans l’espace urbain seront ici explorés. D’une part, dans le rapport aux forces de l’ordre, dont la présence systématique est prise en considération à travers l’énonciation de principes de non-violence. D’autre part, dans la circulation de l’écriture exposée contestataire, maîtrisée à destination des médias. Nous verrons enfin comment ces actions reposent sur l’attribution d’une force à l’écriture exposée.This article proposes an analysis of the phenomenon of anti-advertising graffitis, through an inquiry carried out within the collective of Déboulonneurs. This group assembles french activists specialized in openly realized media actions. The study of a specific action by this collective (the “scribblings”) highlights the way these activists expose their fight against a “visual pollution” in the physical space of cities. Those “scribblings”, which official goal is to modify advertising laws, are constructed as public events. Two aspects of this writing performance in the urban space will be investigated here. On one hand, the relationship with police forces, whose systematic presence is taken into consideration by setting nonviolence principles. On the other hand, the circulation of protest writings, especially designed for the media. Finally, we will see how these actions are based on the attribution of a strength to the exposed writing

Action publique et ordre social à l'épreuve des incivilités - des dispositifs et des hommes

Rapport de recherche - Destinataire : Ministère de l'Equipement, DiveC'est à la recherche des signes d'une interaction entre l'univers de la vie qutotidienne et celui des politiques publiques que nous sommes partis sur le terrain. L'angle que nous avons choisi pour examiner la construction locale d'une politique de sécurité découle de cette perspective : c'est à l'articulation entre ce que font (ou ne font pas) les acteurs institués et les représentants des autorités et ce que font (ou ne font pas ou plus) les habitants, que nous situerons nos analyses. L'enquête sera centrée sur une population, celle des habitants des cités de banlieue, autant que sur les dispositifs de traitement de l'insécurité

La poursuite du divin. Écritures votives des lieux de culte catholiques parisiens

This work is an ethnography of the contemporary practices of votive writing within catholic places of worship of the Parisian diocese. The votive writing is understood here as an act which aim is the address to the divine beings (God, The Virgin Mary, the saints). This study is mainly pragmatic and fits into an anthropology of writing careful to texts and their materialism, their situation and to organizational layout prevailing in their manufacturing, their usage, their preservation. The problem is related to the efficiency of writing within a religious frame. The investigation takes place in parochial churches, places of pilgrimage and a chapel of an airport. It describes the votive activity, its preparation and fulfilment, taking into account resources and constraints. It investigates the daily administration of these writings and the work realized by reception teams of the various places of worship to control and promote these practices. This analysis highlights the diversity of the intercession procedure and questions inferred delegation activities.Ce travail consiste en une ethnographie des pratiques contemporaines d’écriture votive au sein de lieux de culte catholiques du diocèse parisien. L’écriture votive est ici entendue comme un acte ayant pour visée l’adresse aux êtres divins (Dieu, la Vierge, les saints). L’approche de cet objet est donc principalement d’ordre pragmatique et s’inscrit dans une anthropologie de l’écriture attentive aussi bien aux textes et à leur matérialité qu’à la situation des écrits et à l’agencement organisationnel prévalant à leur fabrication, leur usage, leur conservation. La problématique porte sur l’efficacité attribuée à l’écrit au sein d’un dispositif cultuel. L’enquête prend place dans des églises paroissiales, des lieux de pèlerinage et une chapelle d’aéroport. Elle s’attache à décrire l’action votive dans sa préparation et son accomplissement, tenant compte des ressources et des contraintes sur lesquelles s’appuient les orants. Elle explore également l’administration quotidienne de ces écrits et le travail réalisé par les équipes d’accueil des différents lieux de culte pour contrôler et promouvoir ces pratiques d’écriture. L’analyse met ainsi en avant la richesse de la procédure d’intercession à l’oeuvre dans ces prières écrites et interroge les activités de délégation qu’elle induit

Action publique et ordre social à l'épreuve des incivilités - des dispositifs et des hommes

C'est à la recherche des signes d'une interaction entre l'univers de la vie qutotidienne et celui des politiques publiques que nous sommes partis sur le terrain. L'angle que nous avons choisi pour examiner la construction locale d'une politique de sécurité découle de cette perspective : c'est à l'articulation entre ce que font (ou ne font pas) les acteurs institués et les représentants des autorités et ce que font (ou ne font pas ou plus) les habitants, que nous situerons nos analyses. L'enquête sera centrée sur une population, celle des habitants des cités de banlieue, autant que sur les dispositifs de traitement de l'insécurité.

Compromised ventilation caused by tracheoesophageal fistula and gastrointestinal endoscope undergoing removal of disk battery on esophagus in pediatric patient -A case report-

Ingestion of disk batteries may have serious complications such as esophageal burn, perforation, and tracheoesophageal fistula, particularly when the battery is caught in the esophagus. Proper placement of the tracheal tube is critical when tracheoesophageal fistula was occurred from esophageal impaction the battery. Endoscopy of upper gastrointestinal tract in infants and children is an important and effective tool for the diagnosis and treatment of foreign body ingestion. But upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in infant and children has very high risk of tracheal compression and airway compromise. We present a case of ventilatory compromise during insertion of the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in 16-month-old child with tracheoesophageal fistula secondary to disk battery ingestion

Characteristics and management of congenital esophageal stenosis: findings from a multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Congenital esophageal stenosis (CES) is a rare condition frequently associated with esophageal atresia (EA). There are limited data from small series about the presentation, treatment, and outcomes of CES. METHODS: Medical records of all patients with CES included in the French Network on Esophageal Malformations and Congenital Diseases were reviewed retrospectively with regard to diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. RESULTS: Over 18 years, 61 patients (30 boys) had CES, and 29 (47%) of these patients also had EA. The mean age at diagnosis was 24 months (1 day to 14 years) and was younger in patients with CES and EA than in those with isolated CES (7 vs. 126 months, p < 0.05). Twenty-one of the 61 patients with CES had no clinical symptoms: in three patients, the findings were incidental, and in 18 of the 29 patients with associated EA, CES was diagnosed at the time of surgical repair of EA or during a postoperative systematic esophageal barium study. In the 40 other patients, at diagnosis, 50% presented with dysphasia, 40% with vomiting, 50% with food impaction, and 42% with respiratory symptoms. Diagnosis of CES was confirmed by esophageal barium study (56/61) and/or esophageal endoscopy (50/61). Sixteen patients had tracheobronchial remnants (TBR), 40 had fibromuscular stenosis (FMS), and five had membrane stenosis (MS). Thirty-four patients (56%) were treated by dilation only (13/34 remained asymptomatic at follow-up); 15 patients were treated by dilation but required later surgery because of failure (4/15 remained asymptomatic at follow-up); and nine patients had a primary surgical intervention (4/9 were asymptomatic at follow-up). Dilation was complicated by esophageal perforation in two patients (3.4%). At follow-up, dysphagia remained in 36% (21/58) of patients, but the incidence did not differ between the EA and the isolated CS groups (10/29 vs. 7/32, p = 0.27). CONCLUSIONS: CS diagnosis can be delayed when associated with EA. Dilation may be effective for treating patients with FMS and MS, but surgical repair is often required for those with TBR. Our results show clearly that, regardless of the therapeutic option, dysphagia occurs frequently, and patients with CES should be followed over the long term

Compliance with Gluten Free Diet Is Associated with Better Quality of Life in Celiac Disease

The quality of life (QOL) of patients with celiac disease (CD) can be altered by both symptoms of the disease and by the restrictions of the gluten-free diet (GFD). The objective was to determine the factors associated with better QOL in a large cohort of CD patients. A link to an online survey was sent to the members of the French Association of Gluten Intolerant People (AFDIAG). The French-Celiac Disease Questionnaire (F-CDQ), scoring from 0 to 100, was used to measure the QOL. Other data collected were sociodemographic characteristics, information on CD, purchasing and consumption habits of gluten-free products, and a self-assessment scale (ranging from 0 to 10) to determine the compliance with the GFD. Among the 907 CD patients who returned the questionnaire, 787 were analyzed (638 women (81%); median age: 49 years; 71% with self-assessed GFD compliance > 8). Their median F-CDQ was 73 (range: 59-82). In multivariate analysis, the main factors associated with a better quality of life were the long duration of the GFD, good compliance with the GFD, and the number of follow-up visits. Compliance with and duration of the GFD are associated with a better quality of life in patients with CD. Taking this into consideration would offset its restrictive aspect and improve its adherence

JIMD Rep

Primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) is an inherited disease of fatty acid beta-oxidation with autosomal recessive inheritance. The disease manifests as metabolic decompensation with hypoketotic hypoglycaemia associated with cardiomyopathy, hepatomegaly, rhabdomyolysis, and seizures. Various outcomes are described from asymptomatic adults to dramatic sudden infant death syndrome cases. We present a severe case of PCD decompensation in an 18-week-old female. She presented with hypotonia, moaning, diarrhea, and vomiting at the pediatric emergency. Initially suspected as intracranial hypertension, the clinical condition evolved rapidly and caused a reversible cardiac arrest with profound hypoglycemia. Despite carnitine supplementation, she succumbed from cardiac arrhythmia and multivisceral failure 4 days after admission. The genetic analyses showed a PCD with biallelic pathogenic variants of gene. The case report is notable for the severity of the cardiac damage possibly favored by maternal carnitine deficiency during pregnancy. The analysis of previously published PCD cases highlights (i) the importance of having large access to emergency biochemical tests for early therapeutic care although the disease has unpredictable severity and (ii) the fact that the clinical outcome remains unpredictable if carnitine treatment is initiated late

J Clin Med

In cystic fibrosis (CF), cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) dysfunction leads to digestive disorders that promote intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis enhancing gastrointestinal symptoms. In pancreatic insufficiency CF patients, both intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis, are associated with an increase in the fecal calprotectin (FC) level. However, associations between the FC level, gastrointestinal symptoms, and quality of life (QoL) remain poorly studied. We aimed to assess such associations in pancreatic insufficiency CF children. The FC level was measured in pancreatic insufficiency CF children's stool samples. Children and their parents completed two questionnaires: The Gastrointestinal Symptoms Scales 3.0-PedsQL(TM) and the Quality of Life Pediatric Inventory 4.0-PedsQL(TM). Lower scores indicated worse symptomatology or QoL. Thirty-seven CF children were included. A FC level above 250 µg/g was associated with worse gastrointestinal symptoms and QoL scores. The FC level was inversely correlated with several gastrointestinal scores assessed by children (i.e., Total, "Heart Burn Reflux", "Nausea and Vomiting", and "Gas and Bloating"). Several QoL scores were correlated with gastrointestinal scores. The FC level was weakly associated with clinical parameters. Some gastrointestinal and QoL scores were related to disease severity associated parameters. In CF, the FC level, biomarker previously related to intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis, was associated with worse digestive symptoms and QoL scores