Opportunities and Challenges in Developing a Cryptosporidium Controlled Human infection Model For Testing antiparasitic agents

Cryptosporidiosis is a leading cause of moderate-to-severe diarrhea in low- and middle-income countries, responsible for high mortality in children younger than two years of age, and it is also strongly associated with childhood malnutrition and growth stunting. There is no vaccine for cryptosporidiosis and existing therapeutic options are suboptimal to prevent morbidity and mortality in young children. Recently, novel therapeutic agents have been discovered through high-throughput phenotypic and target-based screening strategies, repurposing malaria hits, etc., and these agents have a promising preclinical in vitro and in vivo anti

Opportunities in Doing the Greater Good: a Bigger Role for Pharma

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Opportunities and challenges in developing a Cryptosporidium controlled human infection model for testing novel anti-parasitic agents

Cryptosporidiosis is a leading cause of moderate-to-severe diarrhea in the developing countries, responsible for high mortality in children younger than two years of age, and also strongly associated with childhood malnutrition and growth stunting. There is no vaccine for cryptosporidiosis and no effective chemotherapeutic options are available to prevent morbidity and mortality in young children. Recently, novel therapeutic agents have been discovered through high-throughput through phenotypic and target-based screening strategies, repurposing malaria hits etc. and these agents have a promising preclinical in vitro and in vivo anti-Cryptosporidium efficacy. A challenge to bringing safe and effective new therapies to young vulnerable children in the clinic is the ethical obligation to establish some prospect of benefit before initiating pediatric studies, especially in low- and middle-income populations. A Cryptosporidium controlled human infection model (CHIM) in healthy adult volunteers can be a robust clinical proof of concept model for evaluating novel therapeutics. CHIM could potentially accelerate the development path to pediatric studies by establishing the safety of a proposed pediatric dosing regimen and documenting preliminary efficacy in adults. We present here some perspectives on the opportunities and perceived challenges with Cryptosporidium CHIM

Interrater Reliability of Expert Electroencephalographers Identifying Seizures and Rhythmic and Periodic Patterns in EEGs.

The validity of brain monitoring using electroencephalography (EEG), particularly to guide care in patients with acute or critical illness, requires that experts can reliably identify seizures and other potentially harmful rhythmic and periodic brain activity, collectively referred to as "ictal-interictal-injury continuum" (IIIC). Previous interrater reliability (IRR) studies are limited by small samples and selection bias. This study was conducted to assess the reliability of experts in identifying IIIC.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe