KELATEN KEIKALLE : Kulttuurikohteiden esteettömyyskartoituksia Jyväskylässä

Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli kerätä tietoa kahden jyväskyläläisen kulttuurikohteen fyysisestä esteettömyydestä. Aiheeseen keskityttiin käyttäjälähtöisesti. Keskeisenä kysymyksenä oli selvittää, kuinka valitut kohteet Jyväskylässä soveltuvat liikuntarajoitteiselle käyttäjälle. Työ pohjautuu yhdenvertaisuutta ja tasa-arvoa ohjaavaan lakiperustaan sekä julistuksiin vammais-ten ihmisten oikeuksista. Näiden pääajatusten perusteella opinnäytetyössä syvennyttiin fyysiseen esteettömyyteen saavutettavuuden ja osallisuuden näkökulmasta. Olennainen osa-alue oli myös kulttuurinen saavutettavuus kartoitettavien kohteiden ollessa kulttuurikohteita. Ilokivi ja Aalto-sali valittiin kartoituskohteiksi yhteistyössä Jyväskylän vammaisneuvoston kanssa. Työ toimitetaan kartoitettuihin kohteisiin sekä Jyväskylän kaupungin Vammaisneuvostolle. Kartoitukset toteutettiin talvikauden 2010–2011 aikana. Menetelmänä käytettiin Invalidiliitto ry:n ESKEH-esteettömyyskartoitusmenetelmää. Alvar Aallon suunnittelemat kulttuurikohteet mahdollis-tavat liikuntavammaisen ihmisen osallistumisen. Muutostarpeita todettiin vain vähän. Tarkemmat tulokset ja johtopäätökset esitellään opinnäytetyön kirjallisessa osiossa.The target of the study was to collect information about the physical accessibility of two cultural venues in Jyväskylä. The theme was approached from the practical point of view. The focus was on finding out how the selected venues in Jyväskylä would suit to a physically disabled consumer. The study was based on the legislation directing equality and on the declarations on the rights of the disabled people. Based on these main themes, physical accessibility from the point of view of participation and attainability was examined. An essential area was also cultural accessibility as the venues surveyed were also cultural venues by nature. Ilokivi and Aalto Hall were chosen as survey objects in cooperation with the Jyväskylä Council for the Disabled People. The study will be delivered to the venues in question and the Jyväskylä Council for the Disabled People. The surveys were carried out during the winter term 2010-2011. The method used was the ESKEH accessibility survey method issued by the Finnish Association of People with Physical Disabilities. The cultural venues designed by Alvar Aalto enabled participation of a disabled person. There were only minor needs for change found. More detailed results and conclusions are presented in the written part of the study

"The old Finnish traditional food has more significance to me” : Traditions in consumers cooking and food choices

Nostalgiaan perustuva ruoan kuluttaminen on kasvussa. Erityisesti suomalainen itsetekemisen perinne ruoanvalmistuksessa nousi esiin keväällä 2020 koronapandemian rajoitteiden lukitessa ihmiset koteihinsa. Suomalaiseen ruokaperinne on perustunut itsetekemisen lisäksi kulttuurille ominaisiin raaka-aineisiin ja valmistustapoihin. Ruokaperinteet ja ruoanvalmistustaidot ovat siirtyneet sukupolvelta toiselle. Ruokakulttuuri on kuitenkin jatkuvassa muutoksessa. Teollistumisen myötä ruokia ei ole ollut välttämätöntä valmistaa itse. Suomalainen itsetekemisen kulttuuri on ollut kuitenkin vahva. Tutkielmassa tarkastellaan sitä, millä tavalla suomalaiset perinteet ilmenevät ruoan valinnassa ja valmistuksessa sekä sitä, mikä kuluttajia motivoi ruokaperinteiden ylläpitämisessä. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin teemahaastatteluin kymmeneltä ihmiseltä, jotka pitivät samalla myös ruokapäiväkirjaa. Tutkittavien hankinnassa hyödynnettiin lumipallomenetelmää. Aineiston analysoinnissa käytettiin aineistolähtöistä sisällön analyysia. Suomalaiset perinteet näyttäytyivät raaka-aineiden valintana, perinneruokien nauttimisena sekä aterioiden valmistamisena kotona sekä erilaisten ruokatuotteiden itsetekemisenä. Kuluttajat nauttivat ruoanvalmistuksesta ja he olivat valmiita käyttämään vapaa-aikaansa ruoan valmistamiseen eli itse tekemiseen. He haluavat päättää sen, mitä ateria tai ruoka-annos sisältää ja he kokevat että itsetekemällä saavat makumieltymystensä mukaista ruokaa. Itsetekeminen vaatii kuitenkin erilaisia resursseja, minkä vuoksi kuluttajat eivät ole halukkaita valmistamaan kaikkea ruokaa raaka-aineista, vaan hyödyntävät myös valmistuotteita. Perinneruoat ovat lohturuokaa ja niihin liittyy muistoja omasta lapsuudesta. Nostalgian siivittämänä haluttiin myös itse toimia ruokaperinteiden jatkajana. Perinneruoat ovat kuitenkin muutoksessa kansainvälistymisen ja kasvisruokailun myötä.Nostalgy-based food consumption is on the rise. In the spring of 2020 and the beginning of the Covid19-pandemic the traditional trend of self-made food has become more visible in the Finn-ish households, undoubtedly partly due to the restrictions and quarantines caused by the pan-demic. The fundamentals of Finnish food traditions have been built on ingredients specific to culture and cooking methods, in addition to the appreciation of self-made food. Traditions of cooking and the know-how have been passed on from generation to the next. However, the food culture and the food industry are in a constant state of change. As the industrialization has grown more and more prominent, it has not been necessary to prepare the food by one's own making. The Finnish culture of self-made food is, and remains strong The dissertation examines the ways in which Finnish traditions appear in the process of choosing and cooking food, as well as what motivates consumers in maintaining food traditions. The research material was collected through thematic interviews from ten subjects who also keep a food-diary. The snowball method was used when acquiring subjects. The collected mate-rial was analyzed with a data-driven content analysis. Finnish traditions manifest as ingredient choices, consumption of traditional cuisine, home cooking and the appreciation of self-made food products. Consumers enjoy cooking which is why they were ready to spend their free time to cooking by themselves. It seems they want to decide what a meal and portion of food contains and they feel that by making it themselves they get to match it to their taste preferences. On the other hand, self-made food requires a vari-ety of resources which is why consumers aren't ready to prepare all the food from raw ingredi-ent, but also exploit of ready-made products. Traditional food is considered comfort-food which entail memories from one's own childhood. For nostalgic reasons the traditions regarding food and cooking are kept alive and passed on to the next generation. However the traditional food are changing due to globalization and vegetarian diet

Exploring the association between canine perineal hernia and neurological, orthopedic, and gastrointestinal diseases

Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Background: Perineal hernia (PH) is a relatively common condition in intact male dogs, but the etiology remains unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of gastrointestinal (GI), neurological, and orthopedic conditions to the development of PH in male dogs. Patient history with a focus on chronic GI disease was assessed using an owner questionnaire. Neurological conditions were explored, applying neurological, electromyographic (EMG), and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) examinations and combining these with computed tomography (CT) imaging. To exclude possible orthopedic diseases, an orthopedic examination was conducted together with CT analysis. The chi-squared test was used to assess the associations between categorical variables. Results: Altogether, 66 male dogs with diagnosed PH were recruited for this study. The frequency of neurological, orthopedic, and GI diseases was low in dogs with PH. No signs of generalized neuro- or myopathies were detected. Still, perineal and bulbourethral reflexes were decreased or missing in 44.6% (29/65) and 40.0% (26/65) of dogs, respectively. Mild or moderate occlusion of the intervertebral foramen at the lumbosacral (LS) junction occurred in 18.5% (12/65) of dogs and was caused by spondylosis deformans in 83.3% (10/12). Moderate disc protrusion was evident in 9.2% (6/65) of dogs. Conclusion: No evidence was found that PH is caused by gastrointestinal, orthopedic, or neurological conditions. Abnormalities in perineal and bulbourethral reflexes are most likely secondary to PH.Peer reviewe

Thoracic Limb Angular Deformity in Chondrodystrophic Dogs: Repeatability of Goniometric Measurement of External Rotation and Carpal Valgus

Peer reviewe

Clinical and Genetic Findings in 28 American Cocker Spaniels with Aural Ceruminous Gland Hyperplasia and Ectasia

American Cocker Spaniels (ACSs) develop aural ceruminous gland hyperplasia and ectasia more often than dogs of other breeds. Data on the cause and development of these breed characteristic histopathological changes are lacking. We performed video-otoscopic examinations and dermatological work-up on 28 ACSs, obtained aural biopsies from each dog and assessed the statistical associations between the presence of ceruminous gland hyperplasia and ectasia and disease history, clinical or microbiological findings and underlying cause of otitis externa (OE). Histological lesions of ceruminous gland hyperplasia and ectasia were observed in aural biopsies from 6/13 clinically healthy ears and 13/15 ears with OE from 19/28 examined dogs. Nine of 28 dogs had histologically normal ceruminous glands (odds ratio [OR] 6.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-36.6). Bacterial growth in microbiological culture of aural exudate (OR 14.1, 95% CI 2.1-95.3) was associated with ceruminous glandular changes, whereas previous history of OE, cutaneous findings or underlying allergies were not. Pedigree analysis and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) were performed on 18 affected and eight unaffected dogs based on histopathological diagnosis. While the GWAS indicated a tentative, but not statistically significant, association of ceruminous gland hyperplasia and ectasia with chromosome 31, a larger cohort is needed to confirm this preliminary result. Based on our results, ceruminous gland hyperplasia and ectasia may also precede clinical signs of OE in ACSs and a genetic aetiological component is likely Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to verify our preliminary results. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

Metabolomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles and Alternative Normalization Methods Reveal Enriched Metabolites and Strategies to Study Prostate Cancer-Related Changes

Body fluids are a rich source of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which carry cargo derived from the secreting cells. So far, biomarkers for pathological conditions have been mainly searched from their protein, (mi) RNA, DNA and lipid cargo. Here, we explored the small molecule metabolites from urinary and platelet EVs relative to their matched source samples. As a proof-of-concept study of intra-EV metabolites, we compared alternative normalization methods to profile urinary EVs from prostate cancer patients before and after prostatectomy and from healthy controls. Methods: We employed targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to profile over 100 metabolites in the isolated EVs, original urine samples and platelets. We determined the enrichment of the metabolites in the EVs and analyzed their subcellular origin, pathways and relevant enzymes or transporters through data base searches. EV-and urine-derived factors and ratios between metabolites were tested for normalization of the metabolomics data. Results: Approximately 1 x 10(10) EVs were sufficient for detection of metabolite profiles from EVs. The profiles of the urinary and platelet EVs overlapped with each other and with those of the source materials, but they also contained unique metabolites. The EVs enriched a selection of cytosolic metabolites including members from the nucleotide and spermidine pathways, which linked to a number of EV-resident enzymes or transporters. Analysis of the urinary EVs from the patients indicated that the levels of glucuronate, D-ribose 5-phosphate and isobutyryl-L-carnitine were 2-26-fold lower in all pre-prostatectomy samples compared to the healthy control and post-prostatectomy samples (p <0.05). These changes were only detected from EVs by normalization to EV-derived factors or with metabolite ratios, and not from the original urine samples. Conclusions: Our results suggest that metabolite analysis of EVs from different samples is feasible using a high-throughput platform and relatively small amount of sample material. With the knowledge about the specific enrichment of metabolites and normalization methods, EV metabolomics could be used to gain novel biomarker data not revealed by the analysis of the original EV source materials.Peer reviewe

Moraalinen toimijuus vanhustyössä

Tutkimus käsittelee vanhustyössä työskentelevien hoitajien moraalista toimijuutta moraalisissa ristiriitatilanteissa. Moraalisen toimijuuden rajoittumisen on esitetty olevan keskeinen tekijä eettisen kuormituksen synnyssä. Eettinen kuormitus on yhdistetty esimerkiksi heikentyneeseen työhyvinvointiin ja hoidon laatuun sekä hoitoalan pito- ja vetovoimaisuuden vähenemiseen. Tutkimuskysymys on: miten vanhustyössä työskentelevien hoitajien kohtaamat moraaliset ristiriidat voivat rajoittaa heidän moraalista toimijuuttaan? Aineisto muodostui 40:n vanhustyössä työskentelevän hoitajan ja esihenkilön teemahaastatteluista. Aineisto analysoitiin teorialähtöisellä sisällönanalyysilla, hyödyntäen Hallamaan muotoilua moraalisesta toimijuudesta. Tutkimuksen päätulos on, että hoitajien moraalinen toimijuus näyttäytyi varsin rajoittuneena. Heidän mahdollisuutensa asettaa tavoitteita moraaliselle toiminnalle, tehdä rationaalisia moraalisia päätöksiä ja toimia moraalisesti oikein rajoittuivat. Johtopäätöksenä esitetään, että vanhustyössä tulee luoda riittävät edellytykset hoitajien moraaliselle toimijuudelle

Antimicrobial prophylaxis is considered sufficient to preserve an acceptable surgical site infection rate in clean orthopaedic and neurosurgeries in dogs

Background Surgical site infections (SSI) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. To lower the incidence of SSI, antimicrobial prophylaxis is given 30-60 min before certain types of surgeries in both human and veterinary patients. However, due to the increasing concern of antimicrobial resistance, the benefit of antimicrobial prophylaxis in clean orthopaedic and neurosurgeries warrants investigation. The aims of this retrospective cross-sectional study were to review the rate of SSI and evaluate the compliance with antimicrobial guidelines in dogs at a veterinary teaching hospital in 2012-2016. In addition, possible risk factors for SSI were assessed. Results Nearly all dogs (377/406; 92.9%) received antimicrobial prophylaxis. Twenty-nine dogs (7.1%) did not receive any antimicrobials and only four (1.1%) received postoperative antimicrobials. The compliance with in-house and national protocols was excellent regarding the choice of prophylactic antimicrobial (cefazolin), but there was room for improvement in the timing of prophylaxis administration. Follow-up data was available for 89.4% (363/406) of the dogs. Mean follow-up time was 464 days (range: 3-2600 days). The overall SSI rate was 6.3%: in orthopaedic surgeries it was 6.7%, and in neurosurgeries it was 4.2%. The lowest SSI rates (0%) were seen in extracapsular repair of cranial cruciate ligament rupture, ulnar ostectomy, femoral head and neck excision, arthrotomy and coxofemoral luxation repair. The highest SSI rate (25.0%) was seen in arthrodesis. Omission of antimicrobials did not increase the risk for SSI (P = 0.56; OR 1.7; CI(95%)0.4-5.0). Several risk factors for SSI were identified, including methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus pseudintermediuscarriage (P = 0.02; OR 9.0; CI(95%)1.4-57.9) and higher body temperature (P = 0.03; OR 1.69; CI(95%)1.0-2.7; mean difference + 0.4 degrees C compared to dogs without SSI). Conclusions Antimicrobial prophylaxis without postoperative antimicrobials is sufficient to maintain the overall rate of SSI at a level similar to published data in canine clean orthopedic and neurosurgeries.Peer reviewe

Uudenlaista kehittämiskulttuuria julkisen sektorin työpaikoille

Uudenlaista kehittämiskulttuuria julkisen sektorin työpaikoille -hankkeessa toteutettiin Työterveyslaitoksen Terveyttä edistävän työpaikan kriteeristö -prosessi TEDI. Sen tavoitteena on edistää työhyvinvointia voimavara- ja ratkaisukeskeisesti yhteiskehittämisprosessin, työpajatoiminnan ja TEDI-osaajien verkostoitumisen kautta. Raportissa esitellään hanke, jossa TEDI-yhteiskehittämismenetelmää käytettiin, kehitettiin ja arvioitiin kolmannen kerran. Työyksiköihin valmennettiin ensimmäistä kertaa omat sisäiset TEDI-osaajansa