7 research outputs found

    Nivel y relación de sedentarismo y estado nutricional de una muestra de alumnos/as de 2° a 5° básico que asisten a colegios particulares pagados en las comunas de Las Condes, Vitacura, Providencia y Lo Barnechea en el segundo semestre escolar, año 2014

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    Tesis (Profesor de Educación física, Licenciado en Educación)El objetivo de la presente investigación es comparar el nivel de sedentarismo, respecto al estado nutricional de una muestra de alumnos y alumnas de segundo, tercero, cuarto y quinto básico que asisten a colegios particulares pagados de las comunas de Las Condes, Vitacura, Providencia y Lo Barnechea. Esto, porque hoy en dia se sabe que los niños y niñas de Chile, Latinoamérica y a nivel mundial prefieren más los juegos de video, la televisión, computador, celulares y poca actividad fisica, independiente de si es a un nivel recreativo o competitivo. Por lo que las palabras claves, Sedentarismo y Estado Nutricional, están completamente relacionadas, ya que cualquiera que se presente, la otra estará de alguna manera influyendo en aquellos efectos que de alguna u otra forma afectan la salud y bienestar de los menores de edad. El procedimiento se dividió en dos partes. Primero: se midió y peso a los alumnos de 2º a 5º Básico y con los datos obtenidos se estimó el IMC (Indice de Masa Corporal). Los niños debían dirigirse a la enfermería en compañía de una profesora. Lugar en donde se llevó a cabo la evaluación. De esta manera se logrará saber el Estado Nutricional a nivel general en el que se encuentran los alumnos. La Segunda parte se trató de entregarles un cuestionario a los mismos niños, en donde debían responder para determinar la cantidad de veces que realizan actividad física en la semana y cuanto tiempo le dedican. Esto, para establecer el nivel de Sedentarismo

    Diet quality index as a predictor of treatment efficacy in overweight and obese adolescents: The EVASYON study

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    The EVASYON Study Group.[Background & aim]: A diet quality index (DQI) is a tool that provides an overall score of an individual's dietary intake when assessing compliance with food-based dietary guidelines. A number of DQIs have emerged, albeit their associations with health-related outcomes are debated. The aim of the present study was to assess whether adherence to dietary intervention, and the overall quality of the diet, can predict body composition changes.[Methods]: To this purpose, overweight/obese adolescents (n = 117, aged: 13–16 years; 51 males, 66 females) were recruited into a multi-component (diet, physical activity and psychological support) family-based group treatment programme. We measured the adolescents' compliance and body composition at baseline and after 2 months (intensive phase) and 13 months (extensive phase) of follow-up. Also, at baseline, after 6 months, and at the end of follow-up we calculated the DQI.[Results]: Global compliance with the dietary intervention was 37.4% during the intensive phase, and 14.3% during the extensive phase. Physical activity compliance was 94.1% at 2-months and 34.7% at 13months and psychological support compliance were growing over the intervention period (10.3% intensive phase and 45.3% during extensive phase). Adolescents complying with the meal frequency criteria at the end of the extensive phase had greater reductions in FMI z-scores than those did not complying (Cohen's d = 0.53). A statistically significant association was observed with the diet quality index. DQI-A variation explained 98.1% of BMI z-score changes and 95.1% of FMI changes.[Conclusions]: We conclude that assessment of changes in diet quality could be a useful tool in predicting body composition changes in obese adolescents involved in a diet and physical activity intervention programme backed-up by psychological and family support.The study was supported by the Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality via the Carlos III Institute of Health (FIS Grant PI051080, PI051579). The EVASYON study received the award for the best applied research project in 2009 from AESAN (Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition from the Spanish Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs. The study was supported by Aragon's Regional Government (DGA, Diputación General de Aragón) and European Regional Development Fund.Peer reviewe

    Contemporary use of cefazolin for MSSA infective endocarditis: analysis of a national prospective cohort

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    Objectives: This study aimed to assess the real use of cefazolin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infective endocarditis (IE) in the Spanish National Endocarditis Database (GAMES) and to compare it with antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP). Methods: Prospective cohort study with retrospective analysis of a cohort of MSSA IE treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Outcomes assessed were relapse; intra-hospital, overall, and endocarditis-related mortality; and adverse events. Risk of renal toxicity with each treatment was evaluated separately. Results: We included 631 IE episodes caused by MSSA treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Antibiotic treatment was cloxacillin, cefazolin, or both in 537 (85%), 57 (9%), and 37 (6%) episodes, respectively. Patients treated with cefazolin had significantly higher rates of comorbidities (median Charlson Index 7, P <0.01) and previous renal failure (57.9%, P <0.01). Patients treated with cloxacillin presented higher rates of septic shock (25%, P = 0.033) and new-onset or worsening renal failure (47.3%, P = 0.024) with significantly higher rates of in-hospital mortality (38.5%, P = 0.017). One-year IE-related mortality and rate of relapses were similar between treatment groups. None of the treatments were identified as risk or protective factors. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cefazolin is a valuable option for the treatment of MSSA IE, without differences in 1-year mortality or relapses compared with cloxacillin, and might be considered equally effective

    Política global y fútbol : el deporte como preocupación de las ciencias sociales

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    Este libro colectivo enfoca el futbol pero también otros deportes- en la perspectiva de las Ciencias Sociales, en particular las Relaciones Internacionales. Partiendo de la premisa de que ese deporte dejó de tener una naturaleza estato-céntrica para adquirir ciudadanía global, los diferentes capítulos de la obra analizan tópicos tales como la geopolítica y geo-economía del futbol, instrumentalización de este (como mecanismo de poder de los Estados), el problema de los nacionalismos ligados al deporte, el enorme negocio comercial en torno al futbol, la FIFA y los escándalos de corrupción, la importante temática del género y deporte, el asunto de los rituales culturales en las prácticas futbolísticas, la diplomacia deportiva, la psicología del futbolista, entre otros. El libro pretende brindar aristas del futbol tomado como objeto social, poniendo al descubierto aspectos relevantes que el espectador de un partido no está acostumbrado a ver. Es un esfuerzo colectivo e interdisciplinario de visibilizar lo que generalmente no vemos, de llamar la atención al lector y al aficionado acerca del telón de fondo que envuelve el deporte más popular del mundo

    Mural Endocarditis: The GAMES Registry Series and Review of the Literature

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    Characteristics and predictors of death among 4035 consecutively hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Spain

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    Long-term effect of a practice-based intervention (HAPPY AUDIT) aimed at reducing antibiotic prescribing in patients with respiratory tract infections

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