Microcontroller-driven hydrogen car

This paper presents a hydrogen-powered car with 8 minutes autonomy. The hydrogen is produced by electrolysis, which requires an external power supply. The gas is retained on an isolated compartment in the car. Then, it goes to the fuel cell, which produces the energy for the car motor. The car follows a white line on a black track using five infrared sensors that detect white and black colors. A servomotor controls its direction. Guidelines to the servomotor are given by a system based on an 8051 microcontroller, according to the information it receives from the infrared sensors

Tecnología y frontera: la invención fracasada de Iberia

INTRODUCCIÓN Maquinismo Ibérico es sin duda un título problemático. No es evidente que haya mucho qué decir sobre máquinas en Iberia, una región caracterizada en la mayor parte de los manuales por su retraso tecnológico y por sus dificultades en incorporar los cambios de la revolución industrial. Además, tampoco es obvia la opción de juntar las experiencias española y portuguesa en un mismo libro, cuando la historia nos enseña el triste destino de los afanes iberizantes. Sin embargo, intentaremos defender la pertinencia de semejante esfuerzo y afirmamos, desde ya, nuestra convicción que para hablar de Iberia en el siglo XIX es fundamental incorporar al relato ingenieros y teodolitos, máquinas de vapor y ensanches urbanos, o canales y exposiciones industriales

Integrated monitoring of mola mola behaviour in space and time

Over the last decade, ocean sunfish movements have been monitored worldwide using various satellite tracking methods. This study reports the near-real time monitoring of finescale (< 10 m) behaviour of sunfish. The study was conducted in southern Portugal in May 2014 and involved satellite tags and underwater and surface robotic vehicles to measure both the movements and the contextual environment of the fish. A total of four individuals were tracked using custom-made GPS satellite tags providing geolocation estimates of fine-scale resolution. These accurate positions further informed sunfish areas of restricted search (ARS), which were directly correlated to steep thermal frontal zones. Simultaneously, and for two different occasions, an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) videorecorded the path of the tracked fish and detected buoyant particles in the water column. Importantly, the densities of these particles were also directly correlated to steep thermal gradients. Thus, both sunfish foraging behaviour (ARS) and possibly prey densities, were found to be influenced by analogous environmental conditions. In addition, the dynamic structure of the water transited by the tracked individuals was described by a Lagrangian modelling approach. The model informed the distribution of zooplankton in the region, both horizontally and in the water column, and the resultant simulated densities positively correlated with sunfish ARS behaviour estimator (r(s) = 0.184, p < 0.001). The model also revealed that tracked fish opportunistically displace with respect to subsurface current flow. Thus, we show how physical forcing and current structure provide a rationale for a predator's finescale behaviour observed over a two weeks in May 2014

Microcontroller-driven hydrogen fuel cell car

This paper presents a fuel cell car with 8 minutes autonomy, capable of following a white line on a black track, using infrared sensors that detect white and black colors. A servomotor controls its direction. Guidelines to the servomotor are given by a system based on an 8051 microcontroller, according to the information it receives from the infrared sensors. The hydrogen needed by the fuel cell is produced by electrolysis, which requires an external power supply. The gas is retained on an isolated tank placed in the car. Then, it is used by the fuel cell to produce the electric energy required by the car motor.Sociedade SOLINHAS – Acabamento de Fios, Lda

“De fusta e de fierro”: Medieval weaponry in the Iberian Peninsula

Esta obra estudia las armas empleadas en los reinos ibéricos medievales (siglos XI-XVI) desde una perspectiva múltiple y pluridisciplinar. El lector podrá conocer qué heridas causaban en combate, cómo se representaban en los sellos y en los tapices de los reyes, las técnicas de ataque y defensa de los caballeros y qué armamento llevaban a bordo los navíos de guerra. Descubrirá también los materiales militares hallados recientemente por la arqueología, cuánto costaba el armamento personal, los inicios de la industria armamentística y la circulación y el consumo de armas. E incluso podrá conocer cómo presentan los videojuegos de nuestros días las armas y las vestimentas de la Edad Media y qué perspectivas de estudio tendrá que abordar la investigación sobre armas medievales ibéricas en los próximos años.Depto. de Historia de América y Medieval y Ciencias HistoriográficasFac. de Geografía e HistoriaTRUEpu

Para um melhor conhecimento dos domínios coloniais: a constituição de redes de informação no Império português em finais do Setecentos For a better understanding of colonial domains: the creation of an information net during the Portuguese Empire at the end of the eighteenth century

O artigo trata da atuação de cientistas, funcionários portugueses e mesmo nativos, inclusive indígenas, na sustentação de uma rede de informações sobre as potencialidades econômicas dos territórios administrados pela coroa portuguesa, tendo como principal foco o Brasil. Visando o desenvolvimento econômico do reino, amostras representativas da fauna e flora locais eram enviadas às instituições da corte, como o Jardim Botânico da Ajuda, o Arsenal Real do Exército e o Hospital Real Militar de Lisboa, onde eram analisadas para posterior utilização na agricultura, comércio e farmácia.<br>This article focus on the participation of scientists, Portuguese agents and even natives - including Indians - in the developing of an information net that focused on the economic potential of territories subject to the Portuguese Crown, mainly of Brazil. Aiming at the Crown's economic development, Brazilian fauna and flora samples were sent to some institutions in Portugal, such as Jardim Botânico da Ajuda, Arsenal Real do Exército and Hospital Real Militar in Lisbon, where they were analyzed for future application to agriculture, trade and medicine making