Numerical analysis of a fin-tube plate heat exchanger with winglets

In this presented work, numerical analysis of heat transfer and flow characteristic using longitudinal vortex generators (LVGS) in fin and flat tube heat exchanger has been presented. Conjugate heat transfer 3D numerical model has been developed and successfully carried out. Rectangular winglets were set in pairs, with downstream orientation. The effects of impact angles of (20⁰ , 30⁰, and 40⁰ ) as well as tubes and winglets were placed in one row lined arrangement and air flow by forward arrangement and backward arrangement. Reynolds number is ranged from 500 to 5000. The numerical results showed that in the range of the present study, the variation of these parameters can result in the increase of heat transfer. The study focuses on the Influence of the different parameters of VGs on heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of one row lined circular-tube banks. The characteristics of average Nu number and skin friction coefficient are studied numerically by the aid of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) commercial code of FLUENT ANSYS 14. The results showed increasing in the heat transfer and skin friction coefficient with the increasing of Re number. It has been observed that the overall Nuav number of one circular tubes increases by 23-31% ,by 23-43% and by 23-47% with angles of (20⁰, 30°, and 40⁰) respectively, in forward arrangement and the overall Nuav number of one circular tubes increases by 23-42%, by 23-46% and 23-52%with angles of (20⁰, 30°, and 40⁰) respectively, in backward arrangement, with increasing in the overall average of skin friction coefficient. Also the results showed that the rectangular winglet pairs (RWPs) can significantly improve the heat transfer performance of the fin and-tube heat exchangers with a moderate pressure loss penalty

A Comparative Study for Some Atherogenic Indices in Sera of Myocardial infarction, Ischemic Heart Disease Patients and Control

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the first world's leading causes of death. One of the major risk factor for the development of CVD is dyslipidemia, which involve elevated plasma levels of (TG), (TCh),   (LDL-C), (VLDL-C) and a low level of (HDL-C). Generally, the hyperlipidemias are at risk of Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and peripheral vascular disease. The strong association between the risk of Cardiovascular Artery Diseases (CAD), high levels of LDL-C and low levels of HDL-C has been well established. However enormous contributions of TG to CVD have been underestimated. Indeed high levels of TG have been associated with an increased incidence of CAD and an increased population of small dense LDL-C particles. The ratio of TG to HDL-C was proved as strong predictor of Myocardial Infarction (MI).Cardio Risk Ratio (CRR) and Atherogenic Coefficient (AC) have a good predictive value for future cardiovascular events. Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), which indicated that plasma atherogenecity, was also a significant independent predicator of CAD. This study was primarily to evaluate the serum lipid profile and to estimate the atherogenic indices (CRR, AC and AIP). Results showed no significant changes in TCh, TG, and HDL-C levels in MI and HID, while LDL-C showed significant increases in MI and IHD, VLDL-C showed highly significant decreases in MI and IHD, compared to control The atherogenic indices showed significant and no significant increases in MI and IHD respectively, compared to control. The risk factor according to AIP for MI is more in developing CVD than IHD. Keywords: CVD, MI, IHD, AIP

Aqueous Extract of Grape Leaves Effects on Liver Enzymes and Some Kidney Function Parameters in Hyperthyroidism Female Animals

Vitis vinifera L. is kind of grape grown widely in Asia, Europe and America.It has many nutritional and pharmacological uses in the Indian traditional medicine, also by European folk healers and many other nations, for treatment of many medical conditions such as nausea , thirst , cough , constipation , smallpox , cholera, hemorrhoids and some of skin and eye diseases.In the present study, Vitis vinifera L. leaves was collected from shrub, grown in IRAQ. The aqueous leaves extract used, was prepared and evaluated for kidney functions (urea, creatinine ,uric acid) and liver enzymes  activity (AST,ALT) in induced hyperthyroidism female rabbits. Results showed significant decrease ( p<0.05) in levels and activities of the studied parameters .Our conclusion this herb may inhibits enzymes activity, that was activated by Levothyroxine  sodium. So we think there is a relation between the drug and enzymes releasing sources. Keywords: Vistis vinifera L., L- thyroxin, Urea, Creatinine, Uric acid, AST, ALT

A study of requirements engineering practices among software developers at UUM Information Technology (UUMIT)

Requirements Engineering (RE) is a systemic and integrated process of eliciting, elaborating, negotiating, validating and managing the requirements of a system in software development project. UUM has been supported by various systems in academic, administrative, students’ affair and many others. Most of the current systems are developed and maintained by the Information Technology Department (UUMIT). The aim of this study is to review the current requirements engineering practices and proposing requirements engineering practices during software development at UUMIT. The outsourcing of software development is rapidly growing because of its allied benefits in the limited resources of the organizations. The main problem that is discussed in this research is the lack of studies that support software development activities at the Information Technology department (UUMIT). The study used quantitative methodology and systematic literature review to answer research questions. The main significance of this study is helping educational institutes to produce quality software development and saving cost and time by implementing requirements engineering practices. In addition to that, the study contributes to UUM by identifying the activity needed for software development so that the management is able to allocate budget to provide adequate and precise training as well as seminars for the software developers. The researcher investigated three variables; Requirements Description, Requirements Development (Requirements Elicitation, Requirements Analysis and Negotiation, Requirements Validation), and Requirement Management. The results from the survey showed that the current practice of requirement engineering in IT department of UUM is encouraging, but need for further development because most of RE practices associated with requirement development and requirement management are achieved on a regular basis and not frequently. The researcher recommended providing effective training programs for UUMIT staffs on RE practices and increases their understanding on system requirements using RE practices to develop better systems for the university. Further investigation is required in the future to understand the effect of other RE practices on software developmen

Chemical, Physical and Biological Properties of the Kinds of Water used for Drinking in the Baghdad Province -Al Karada Area

Water is a main component of all living things. It is irregular in numerous of its physical and chemical properties. a number of are necessary for life while others have profound effects on the size and shape of living organisms, how they work, and the constraint within which they must operate. Field study was conducted for the three sites of water in the province of Baghdad province, al- Karada area (river water and piped water and water tank) where the samples were collected during the month of November 2014. Measured temperature, electrical conductivity and the function of acid and ions of positive and negative (chlorine  and sulfates , carbonat , nitrates , sodium , calcium , magnesium  and total hardness and TDS and total suspended solids as well as the estimation of heavy metals (copper Cu, lead Pb, zinc Zn and iron Fe) in addition to bacterial totals included total bacteria (TB) , total colon bacteria (Tc) and  Fecal coliform bacteria (Fc). Keywords: Water, Chemical, Physical, Biological, Baghda

Analysis of Water Quality using -Chemical –Physical- Biological Parameters of the Kinds of Water used for Drinking in the Baghdad Province- Al Adhamiya City

The current study was carried out to analyze and evaluate the drink water samples collected from residential areas of Baghdad Province al-adhamiya City. The level of TDS, alkalinity, Ca, Mg, Hardness, Electrical Conductivity, pH, and selected heavy metals (Fe, Cr, Cd & Zn) were determined. The results showed that all water samples have alkaline pH. All these water samples have very low concentration of Fe and Zn. The concentration of Cr and Cd was observed higher than the prescribed limit of WHO and ISI. In the light of this analysis we can conclude that all these water samples require some treatment before their use for drinking purpose. The field study was conducted for the three sites of water in the province of Baghdad province, al- adhamiya city (river water and piped water and water tank) where the samples were collected during the month of September 2014. The result establishes that drinks water sample in three site, is useful for irrigation and household purpose, and suitable for drinking. A correlation study has been carried out amongst all possible pairs of the physical and chemical parameters to assess drink water quality. Correlation study indicates that different parameters are strongly interrelated. The correlation and regression provides an excellent tool for the prediction of parameter values within reasonable degree of accuracy. Were studied and compared with National Drinking Water Quality Standard (NDWQS) of Iraq and WHO water quality guidelines. The results revealed that most of the parameters were in normal range and indicated suitability for drinking purposes. Keywords: Water, Chemical, Physical, Biological, Baghdad, Al-Adhamiya

Symbiotic Success: Unveiling the Crucial Link Between Human Resources Strategies and Elevated Customer Satisfaction an Analytical Study of a Sample of Small Companies

The study aims to understand the role of the availability of skilled people in marketing activities for Iraqi technology companies c to acquire nice hangs in Consumer behavior, which maintains the business enterprise’s position in the marketplace price stability It was obtained by conducting a survey, whereby the survey obtained various objectives and hypotheses. The important finding of study is that marketing activity is one of the most important functions in firms that are directly connected with the public, as that activity helps to create an enabling environment in which the public also accepts these firms’ products. The most important recommendation of the study is the importance of increasing the interest of Iraqi companies in marketing and human activities that can have a better analysis of consumer behavior and pursue best marketing practices of Iraqi industrial companies internationally between comparisons In sectors and obtain positive attitudes results related to customer satisfaction

Reduce The Noise in Speech Signals Using Wavelet Filtering

 تنخفض قدرة قنوات البيانات غالبا ما بسبب الضوضاء وتشوه الإشارات المرسلة . يستخدم تخفيض الضوضاء في مجالات  مختلفة (حيث لا يمكن عزل الإشارات المرسلة من الضوضاء والتشويه): في التعرف على الكلام ومعالجة الصور وأنظمة الاتصالات المتنقلة ومعالجة الإشارات الطبية والأنظمة الراديوية والرادارية وما إلى ذلك. توضح هذه الورقة مشكلة وجود ضوضاء في إشارات الكلام. ويتم النظر في نموذج ضوضاء غوسية بيضاء مضافة وإضافته إلى إشارة الكلام - نمذجة عملية الضوضاء. حيث تم   دراسة الميزات الاساسية للمويجات المستخدمة لتقليل الضوضاء. وتم النظر في الخوارزمية الاساسية لعميلة  ازالة الضوضاء باستخدام تقنيات تحليل المويجات. تم بناء التنفيذ العملي للحد من الضوضاء. تم رسم الاشارة الاصلية والاشاره المشوهة  والاشاره المستخلصه بعد تقليل الضوضاء. تم تحليل نتائج إلغاء الضوضاء باستخدام أسر مختلفة من المويجات، حيث تم رسم الاشكال للصلات المتبادلة بين إشارات الكلام المشوهة والنظيفة.تقليل الضوضاء نفذ باستخدام برنامج ماتلاب.The capacity of the data channels is often reduced due to noise and distortion of the transmitted signals. Noise reduction is used in various areas (where from noise and distortion the transmitted signals cannot be isolated): speech / speaker recognition, image processing, mobile communication systems, medical signal processing, radio and radar systems, etc. This paper illustrates the problem of the presence of noise in speech signals. A model of additive white Gaussian noise is considered and adding it to the speech signal – modeling of noise process. The main features of wavelets, which used in noise reduction, are described. The main algorithm of the noise cancellation process using wavelet analysis techniques is considered. Carried out the practical implementation of noise reduction. The graphs of the original, noisy and cleaned signals are plotted. An analysis of the results of noise cancellation was carried out using different families of wavelets, graphs of the cross correlation of noisy and clean speech signals are plotted. Noise reduction carried out using Matlab programing

Assessment of Vanes Effectiveness in Controlling Erosion and Deposition Zones at a River Confluence using a 2D model

Controlling erosion and deposition zones that are usually forming at rivers confluences are important for improving river hydraulic efficiency. The flow in rivers confluences is highly complex, due to rapid changes associated with the river flow dynamics, sediment transport, and morphology. A two-dimensional (2D) numerical model was used to simulate the confluence between Kurau and Ara rivers, Perak, Malaysia. The numerical model has been calibrated and validated by using field data. The model was used to investigate the effectiveness of different shapes and sizes of 30o obstacles/vanes in controlling erosion and deposition zones at the confluence of Kurau and Ara rivers. The simulation results show that the best performance of 30o obstacles/vanes was found when a single obstacle/vane was introduced in the flow

On M-Compact Ring

In the present paper, we have introduced some new definitions On M-cover ring, M-compact ring, weakly M-compact ring, weakly M-compact c. ring, M-compact c. ring, M-compact locally ring and M-compact strong locally ring, we obtain some examples and results related to M-cover ring, M-compact ring, weakly M-compact ring, weakly M-compact c. ring, M-compact c. ring, M-compact locally ring and M-compact strong locally ring. Keywords: rings, M-cover ring, M-compact ring, ring homomorphism, ring isomorphism