2,307 research outputs found
Designing for Behavior and Culture in Local Food Systems
Although food systems and design may seem like they do not have much in common, design is as essential to the human experience as food. Herbert Simon is quoted as saying, Everyone designs who devises courses of action aimed at changing existing situations into preferred ones.
This view positions design to help address current issues around behavior and culture in local food systems. In this paper, we analyze the approaches of various common and emerging models in the local food movement through several design lenses. We highlight opportunities for innovation in local food initiatives by using design-based thinking tools that can influence behavior and culture around food. Finally, we present two case studies and provide actionable takeaways that can be used by local constituents. With a view toward fostering interdisciplinary dialogue around pressing food systems issues, the authors feel design is an important and accessible practice in the formulation of culture and behavior that can bring valuable insights to this discussion.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/fss2014/1015/thumbnail.jp
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Macfarlandin C, a Spongian Diterpenoid Harboring a Concave-Substituted cis-Dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanone Fragment.
The enantioselective total synthesis of the rearranged spongian diterpenoid (-)-macfarlandin C is reported. This is the first synthesis of a rearranged spongian diterpenoid in which the bulky hydrocarbon fragment is joined via a quaternary carbon to the highly hindered concave face of the cis-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one moiety. The strategy involves a late-stage fragment coupling between a tertiary carbon radical and an electrophilic butenolide resulting in the stereoselective formation of vicinal quaternary and tertiary stereocenters. A stereoselective Mukaiyama hydration that orients a pendant carboxymethyl side chain cis to the bulky octahydronapthalene substituent was pivotal in fashioning the challenging concave-substituted cis-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanone fragment
Nb3Sn wire shape and cross sectional area inhomogeneity in Rutherford cables
During Rutherford cable production the wires are plastically deformed and
their initially round shape is distorted. Using X-ray absorption tomography we
have determined the 3D shape of an unreacted Nb3Sn 11 T dipole Rutherford
cable, and of a reacted and impregnated Nb3Sn cable double stack.
State-of-the-art image processing was applied to correct for tomographic
artefacts caused by the large cable aspect ratio, for the segmentation of the
individual wires and subelement bundles inside the wires, and for the
calculation of the wire cross sectional area and shape variations. The 11 T
dipole cable cross section oscillates by 2% with a frequency of 1.24 mm (1/80
of the transposition pitch length of the 40 wire cable). A comparatively
stronger cross sectional area variation is observed in the individual wires at
the thin edge of the keystoned cable where the wire aspect ratio is largest.Comment: 6 pages, 11 figures, presented at EUCAS 201
Gold-Catalyzed Intramolecular Aminoarylation of Alkenes: C-C Bond Formation through Bimolecular Reductive Elimination
Gold-ilocks and the 3 mol % catalyst: Bimetallic gold bromides allow the room temperature aminoarylation of unactivated terminal olefins with aryl boronic acids using Selectfluor as an oxidant. A catalytic cycle involving gold(I)/gold(III) and a bimolecular reductive elimination for the key CC bond-forming step is proposed. dppm= bis(diphenylphosphanyl)methane
Functional Characterisation of Alpha-Galactosidase A Mutations as a Basis for a New Classification System in Fabry Disease
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.The study has been supported partially by an unrestricted scientific grant from Shire Human Genetic Therapies (Germany
Coupling JOREK and STARWALL for Non-linear Resistive-wall Simulations
The implementation of a resistive-wall extension to the non-linear MHD-code
JOREK via a coupling to the vacuum-field code STARWALL is presented along with
first applications and benchmark results. Also, non-linear saturation in the
presence of a resistive wall is demonstrated. After completion of the ongoing
verification process, this code extension will allow to perform non-linear
simulations of MHD instabilities in the presence of three-dimensional resistive
walls with holes for limited and X-point plasmas.Comment: Contribution for "Theory Of Fusion Plasmas, Joint Varenna - Lausanne
International Workshop, Villa Monastero, Varenna, Italy (27.-31.8.2012)",
accepted for publication in Journal of Physics Conference Serie
Non-linear Simulations of MHD Instabilities in Tokamaks Including Eddy Current Effects and Perspectives for the Extension to Halo Currents
The dynamics of large scale plasma instabilities can strongly be influenced
by the mutual interaction with currents flowing in conducting vessel
structures. Especially eddy currents caused by time-varying magnetic
perturbations and halo currents flowing directly from the plasma into the walls
are important. The relevance of a resistive wall model is directly evident for
Resistive Wall Modes (RWMs) or Vertical Displacement Events (VDEs). However,
also the linear and non-linear properties of most other large-scale
instabilities may be influenced significantly by the interaction with currents
in conducting structures near the plasma. The understanding of halo currents
arising during disruptions and VDEs, which are a serious concern for ITER as
they may lead to strong asymmetric forces on vessel structures, could also
benefit strongly from these non-linear modeling capabilities. Modeling the
plasma dynamics and its interaction with wall currents requires solving the
magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) equations in realistic toroidal X-point geometry
consistently coupled with a model for the vacuum region and the resistive
conducting structures. With this in mind, the non-linear finite element MHD
code JOREK has been coupled with the resistive wall code STARWALL, which allows
to include the effects of eddy currents in 3D conducting structures in
non-linear MHD simulations. This article summarizes the capabilities of the
coupled JOREK-STARWALL system and presents benchmark results as well as first
applications to non-linear simulations of RWMs, VDEs, disruptions triggered by
massive gas injection, and Quiescent H-Mode. As an outlook, the perspectives
for extending the model to halo currents are described.Comment: Proceeding paper for Theory of Fusion Plasmas (Joint Varenna-Lausanne
International Workshop), Varenna, Italy (September 1-5, 2014); accepted for
publication in: to Journal of Physics: Conference Serie
- …