Hypoactive sexual desire disorder

This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of hypoactive sexual desire disorder

Rêver la médiathèque, la réaliser

la médiathèque sur mesure? C\u27est le projet de Lezoux, petite ville d\u27Auvergne où les habitants ont été invités à projeter leurs visions de la future médiathèque qui leur est destinée

Est-ce qu’une intervention de groupe réalisée auprès de pères volontaires qui fréquentent le centre de pédiatrie sociale Assistance d’enfants en difficulté (AED) et effectuée selon un cadre théorique bio-écologique et une approche d’aide mutuelle permet de modifier leur vision personnelle de l’engagement paternel?

Essai critique présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l’obtention du grade de M.Sc. en service socialMon stage s’est déroulé durant l’automne 2011 et l’hiver 2012 au centre de pédiatrie sociale Assistance d’enfants en difficulté (AED) du quartier Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, soit l’un des deux centres de pédiatrie sociale en communauté chapeauté par la Fondation du Docteur Gilles Julien avec le Centre de services préventifs à l’enfance (CSPE). Ainsi, l’AED utilise le modèle de pédiatrie sociale en communauté qui favorise l’intégration sociale, le respect des droits fondamentaux et la réduction des impacts liés aux conditions de vie difficiles pour offrir prioritairement des soins et services aux enfants et aux familles vivant en situation de vulnérabilité. Donc, le centre vise non seulement à appliquer la notion de responsabilité envers les enfants et adolescents, mais aussi à leur assurer des services préventifs et curatifs en tenant compte des déterminants sociaux, environnementaux et des conséquences sur leur santé (Fondation du Dr Julien, 2011b). De ce fait, l’AED s’adresse aux enfants naissants jusqu’aux adolescents âgés de 14 ans habitant dans le quartier Hochelaga-Maisonneuve et vise à offrir un accueil chaleureux, un accompagnement adapté aux besoins de l’enfant et de sa famille et en plus de proposer de nombreux services. De la sorte, les différents besoins tels que la socialisation, l’attachement, la sécurité, l’identité, l’hygiène, l’alimentation et l’accès à un logement sont pris en considération. Bref, les forces des enfants et des familles sont identifiées et misent en valeur par une approche valorisante et un renforcement positif (Fondation du Dr Julien, 2011b). C’est ainsi que lors de mon stage, j’ai tenté de répondre à la question suivante : Est-ce qu’une intervention de groupe réalisée auprès de pères volontaires qui fréquentent le centre de pédiatrie sociale Assistance d’enfants en difficulté et effectuée selon un cadre théorique bio-écologique et une approche d’aide mutuelle permet de modifier leur vision personnelle de l’engagement paternel

Sigma Convergence in Northern Regions : a comparison between Finland and the Canadian Province of Quebec

Only abstract. Paper copies of master’s theses are listed in the Helka database (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Electronic copies of master’s theses are either available as open access or only on thesis terminals in the Helsinki University Library.Vain tiivistelmä. Sidottujen gradujen saatavuuden voit tarkistaa Helka-tietokannasta (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Digitaaliset gradut voivat olla luettavissa avoimesti verkossa tai rajoitetusti kirjaston opinnäytekioskeilla.Endast sammandrag. Inbundna avhandlingar kan sökas i Helka-databasen (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Elektroniska kopior av avhandlingar finns antingen öppet på nätet eller endast tillgängliga i bibliotekets avhandlingsterminaler.The research topic of this master's thesis is regional sigma convergence in the canadian province of Quebec. While the subject of regional convergence has been widely studied in Finland, it has not been (until now) a subject of study for the province of Quebec (Canada). This thesis can be separated in two parts. First, it gives some definitions and theoritical background for and against regional convergence. Special attention is given to new theories or empirical findings and how they might affect convergence in Northern regions either now or in a near future. The second part investigate sigma convergence in Quebec from 1985 to 1995 and compare the results with the same tests done for Finland to see if a similar pattern occured. The period from 1990 to 1995 is of particular interest since both Quebec and Finland were affected by a severe recession. The empirical part used data from the "Institut de la statistique du Québec". The final sample was made of per capita taxable income from 79 regions. Two main statistical tools were used for the study : Markov chain matrix and income-gap equation. The results show that regional convergence occured in Quebec during the whole period of study. However, it seems that the process of convergence slowed down in the second period of the study (1990-1995) compared to the first period (1985-1990). This result was different for Finland where regional divergence was found, especially after 1990. In both cases (Finland and Quebec), only one convergence club was found

Une médiathèque entre Dore et Allier

Une nouvelle médiathèque se conçoit aujourd\u27hui pour un territoire et avec ses habitants. À la suite de notre dernier dossier « Pratiques participatives », la communauté de communes Entre Dore et Allier apporte un nouvel exemple d\u27un projet pleinement pensé en concertation

Glycogen Synthesis is Induced in Hypoxia by the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor and Promotes Cancer Cell Survival

The hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), in addition to genetic and epigenetic changes, is largely responsible for alterations in cell metabolism in hypoxic tumor cells. This transcription factor not only favors cell proliferation through the metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and lactic acid production but also stimulates nutrient supply by mediating adaptive survival mechanisms. In this study we showed that glycogen synthesis is enhanced in non-cancer and cancer cells when exposed to hypoxia, resulting in a large increase in glycogen stores. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the mRNA and protein levels of the first enzyme of glycogenesis, phosphoglucomutase1 (PGM1), were increased in hypoxia. We showed that induction of glycogen storage as well as PGM1 expression were dependent on HIF-1 and HIF-2. We established that hypoxia-induced glycogen stores are rapidly mobilized in cells that are starved of glucose. Glycogenolysis allows these “hypoxia-preconditioned” cells to confront and survive glucose deprivation. In contrast normoxic control cells exhibit a high rate of cell death following glucose removal. These findings point to the important role of hypoxia and HIF in inducing mechanisms of rapid adaptation and survival in response to a decrease in oxygen tension. We propose that a decrease in pO2 acts as an “alarm” that prepares the cells to face subsequent nutrient depletion and to survive

On-site secretory vesicle delivery drives filamentous growth in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans

International audienceCandida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that colonises the skin as well as genital and intestinal mucosa of most healthy individuals. The ability of C. albicans to switch between different morphological states, for example, from an ellipsoid yeast form to a highly polarised, hyphal form, contributes to its success as a pathogen. In highly polarised tip-growing cells such as neurons, pollen tubes, and filamentous fungi, delivery of membrane and cargo to the filament apex is achieved by long-range delivery of secretory vesicles tethered to motors moving along cytoskeletal cables that extend towards the growing tip. To investigate whether such a mechanism is also critical for C. albicans filamentous growth, we studied the dynamics and organisation of the C. albicans secretory pathway using live cell imaging and three-dimensional electron microscopy. We demonstrate that the secretory pathway is organised in distinct domains, including endoplasmic reticulum membrane sheets that extend along the length of the hyphal filament, a sub-apical zone exhibiting distinct membrane structures and dynamics and a Spitzenkörper comprised of uniformly sized secretory vesicles. Our results indicate that the organisation of the secretory pathway in C. albicans likely facilitates short-range "on-site" secretory vesicle delivery, in contrast to filamentous fungi and many highly polarised cells

Induction of neutralising antibodies by virus-like particles harbouring surface proteins from highly pathogenic H5N1 and H7N1 influenza viruses

There is an urgent need to develop novel approaches to vaccination against the emerging, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. Here, we engineered influenza viral-like particles (Flu-VLPs) derived from retroviral core particles that mimic the properties of the viral surface of two highly pathogenic influenza viruses of either H7N1 or H5N1 antigenic subtype. We demonstrate that, upon recovery of viral RNAs from a field strain, one can easily generate expression vectors that encode the HA, NA and M2 surface proteins of either virus and prepare high-titre Flu-VLPs. We characterise these Flu-VLPs incorporating the HA, NA and M2 proteins and we show that they induce high-titre neutralising antibodies in mice

βIVΣ1 spectrin stabilizes the nodes of Ranvier and axon initial segments

Saltatory electric conduction requires clustered voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) at axon initial segments (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier (NR). A dense membrane undercoat is present at these sites, which is thought to be key for the focal accumulation of channels. Here, we prove that βIVΣ1 spectrin, the only βIV spectrin with an actin-binding domain, is an essential component of this coat. Specifically, βIVΣ1 coexists with βIVΣ6 at both AIS and NR, being the predominant spectrin at AIS. Removal of βIVΣ1 alone causes the disappearance of the nodal coat, an increased diameter of the NR, and the presence of dilations filled with organelles. Moreover, in myelinated cochlear afferent fibers, VGSC and ankyrin G clusters appear fragmented. These ultrastructural changes can explain the motor and auditory neuropathies present in βIVΣ1 −/− mice and point to the βIVΣ1 spectrin isoform as a master-stabilizing factor of AIS/NR membranes

Defects in AMPAR trafficking and microglia activation underlie socio-cognitive deficits associated to decreased expression of Phosphodiesterase 2A

Phosphodiesterase 2 A (PDE2A) is an enzyme involved in the homeostasis of cAMP and cGMP and is the most highly expressed PDE in human brain regions critical for socio-cognitive behavior. In cerebral cortex and hippocampus, PDE2A expression level is upregulated in Fmr1-KO mice, a model of the Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), the most common form of inherited intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Indeed, PDE2A translation is negatively modulated by FMRP, whose functional absence causes FXS. While the pharmacological inhibition of PDE2A has been associated to its pro-cognitive role in normal animals and in models of ID and ASD, homozygous PDE2A mutations have been identified in patients affected by ID, ASD and epilepsy. To clarify this apparent paradox about the role of PDE2A in brain development, we characterized here Pde2a+/− mice (homozygote animals being not viable) at the behavioral, cellular, molecular and electrophysiological levels. Pde2a+/− females display a milder form of the disorder with reduced cognitive performance in adulthood, conversely males show severe socio-cognitive deficits throughout their life. In males, these phenotypes are associated with microglia activation, elevated glutathione levels and increased externalization of Glutamate receptor (GluR1) in CA1, producing reduced mGluR-dependent Long-term Depression. Overall, our results reveal molecular targets of the PDE2A-dependent pathway underlying socio-cognitive performance. These results clarify the mechanism of action of pro-cognitive drugs based on PDE2A inactivation, which have been shown to be promising therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, FXS as well as other forms of ASD