Engineering Large Eddy Simulation of Diesel Sprays

The main objective of this PhD thesis is the study of Diesel sprays under evaporative conditions by means of Large Eddy Simulations (LES) techniques. This study has been performed implementing a precise, low-demanding LES model in the free, full-purpose Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code OpenFOAM. The starting point was a careful and exhaustive review of the physical processes involved in sprays. An emphasis in CFD methodology, particularly for LES methods, was essential for the thesis, as we were able to find the possible problems and limitations of our approximation. Moreover, as the most widely used techniques for the industrial simulation of sprays are based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes models, we have highlighted the many advantages of LES modeling. As the latter are, by definition, more computationally expensive than RANS, we made an optimal configuration that, while it is able to recover accurately the experimental results, its characteristic time is in the same order of magnitude that RANS ones. As applicability is a must in this thesis, we use the surname ¿Engineering¿ LES. One of the key points of the thesis has been the correct configuration of the flow turbulent conditions on the inlet. In order to get accurate results, the turbulent structures coming from this inlet need to be time- and spacecoherent. An adequate calibration of this conditions is needed to perform any spray simulation. Last but not least, all the simulations performed where validated against experiments, obtaining a very good agreement even close to the nozzleMompó Laborda, JM. (2014). Engineering Large Eddy Simulation of Diesel Sprays [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/37345TESI

Feature selection in a credit scoring model

This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematics and Mathematical Physics Applied to Financial Markets.This paper proposes different classification algorithms—logistic regression, support vector machine, K-nearest neighbors, and random forest—in order to identify which candidates are likely to default for a credit scoring model. Three different feature selection methods are used in order to mitigate the overfitting in the curse of dimensionality of these classification algorithms: one filter method (Chi-squared test and correlation coefficients) and two wrapper methods (forward stepwise selection and backward stepwise selection). The performances of these three methods are discussed using two measures, the mean absolute error and the number of selected features. The methodology is applied for a valuable database of Taiwan. The results suggest that forward stepwise selection yields superior performance in each one of the classification algorithms used. The conclusions obtained are related to those in the literature, and their managerial implications are analyzed

Thermal Perception in Mild Climate: Adaptive Thermal Models for Schools

A comprehensive assessment of indoor environmental conditions is performed on a representative sample of classrooms in schools across southern Spain (Mediterranean climate) to evaluate the thermal comfort level, thermal perception and preference, and the relationship with HVAC systems, with a comparison of seasons and personal clothing. Almost fifty classrooms were studied and around one thousand pool-surveys distributed among their occupants, aged 12 to 17. These measurements were performed during spring, autumn, and winter, considered the most representative periods of use for schools. A new proposed protocol has been developed for the collection and subsequent analysis of data, applying thermal comfort indicators and using the most frequent predictive models, rational (RTC) and adaptive (ATC), for comparison. Cooling is not provided in any of the rooms and natural ventilation is found in most of the spaces during midseasons. Despite the existence of a general heating service in almost all classrooms in the cold period, the use of mechanical ventilation is limited. Heating did not usually provide standard set-point temperatures. However, this did not lead to widespread complaints, as occupants perceive the thermal environment as neutral—varying greatly between users—and show a preference for slightly colder environments. Comparison of these thermal comfort votes and the thermal comfort indicators used showed a better fit of thermal preference over thermal sensation and more reliable results when using regional ATC indicators than the ASHRAE adaptive model. This highlights the significance of inhabitants’ actual thermal perception. These findings provide useful insight for a more accurate design of this type of building, as well as a suitable tool for the improvement of existing spaces, improving the conditions for both comfort and wellbeing in these spaces, as well as providing a better fit of energy use for actual comfort conditions

Automotive aftermarket forecast in a changing world: The stakeholders' perceptions boost!

This article belongs to the Section Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability.This study presents a methodology for forecasting the medium– and long–term real revenues of the automotive post–sales service sectors, assuming the automobile industry is nowadays undergoing a deep process of transformation. There are several conditioning factors, usage as well as environmental reasons, that makes past times an unreasonable guide for a future forecast. Firstly, we estimate, using regression models, the most important variables for the automobile sector that will affect the long–term forecasts of the automotive aftermarket’s revenues. Secondly, we apply participatory methods to quantify the impact of the new conditioning factors. This is a research tool used for the Spanish automotive aftermarket. Our results indicate how stakeholders’ perceptions modulate the forecasts for those economic sectors involved in a disrupted changing business model.We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and FEDER through Grant RTI-2018-099403-B-I00 and the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science through Grant ECO2017-82445-R

Manufacturing firms’ export activity: Business and financial cycles overlaps!

This paper models how the business and financial cycles interact in firms’ export activity. Specifically, we study the influence of macroeconomic variables on the decision to export and on the volume of exports, being controlled by firms’ characteristics. A distinction is made between the firms’ export activity in reaction to increases in external demand after improvements in national competitiveness, and firms’ exporting in response to a reduction in aggregate internal demand. The decision to export depends positively on the countries’ competitiveness variables, and the volume of exports also depends positively on national competitiveness and negatively on growth of internal demand. We also find a positive influence of the leverage of the economy on extensive and intensive export activity. Our results suggest that the financial cycle overlaps with the business cycle in influencing firm export activity decisions

Green bond finance in Europe and the stock market reaction

This paper examines the increasing importance of green, social and sustainable bonds in the financial markets. We first detail the theoretical framework, introducing sustainable development and green finance; relating green bonds to both ecological economics literature, and the central banks perspective; and, finally, analyzing the green bonds efficiency as a financial resource. Afterwards, we estimate the effect of green bond issues on the companies share’s price. So we collect the companies share’ prices around the announcement of the issue. Then we build an event time window with different time ranges before and after the announcement with the accumulated returns in order to be able to observe the reaction in the market in different stages. We demonstrate that the announcement of a green bond has a positive reaction in the market by increasing the return on shares of green bond issuin

Mincha d´aqui: De la dinamización territorial a la acción comercial

Celebrada en "Feria del Jamón de Teruel y Alimentos de Calidad

Análisis Modal de Fallos y Efectos en el proceso farmacoterapéutico de la Unidad de Atención Farmacéutica a Pacientes Externos del Hospital Universitario de San Juan de Alicante

Objetivo: Identificar los riesgos asociados a los procesos asistenciales de Validación, Dispensación y Seguimiento de la Unidad Atención Farmacéutica a Pacientes Externos (UFPE) del Hospital Universitario de San Juan de Alicante (HUSJA) mediante la metodología del Análisis de Modal de Fallos y Efectos, analizar los puntos críticos, conocer las etapas en las que se pueden producir los riesgos, y proponer, en su caso, medidas de mitigación. Material y métodos: Se realizaron entrevistas con el personal responsable de la actividad de la UFPE, mediante las cuales se definió el diagrama de flujo. Posteriormente con la herramienta de calidad Análisis Modal de Fallos y Efectos (AMFE), se identificaron los posibles riesgos, los efectos que producían y las causas que los generaban. Cada uno de los riesgos localizados, se valoraron en función de la gravedad de su consecuencia (severidad), la probabilidad de que ocurra, y la facilidad o dificultad de detectar el riesgo cuando ocurre (detectabilidad). Una vez valorado el riesgo, se propuso su aceptación o acciones de mitigación, actuando en disminuir la severidad, disminuir la probabilidad, o aumentar la detectabilidad, o cualquier combinación de estas tres acciones. Resultados: Se detectaron y analizaron 62 riesgos de los cuales 29 fueron considerados riesgos aceptables, 29 fueron riesgos medios y 4 fueron riesgos elevados. Las medidas tomadas en consecuencia fueron destinadas a reducir los riesgos medios y elevados. Conclusiones: El AMFE es una herramienta útil que nos permite el análisis de los puntos críticos del proceso y las etapas en las que se pueden producir errores, gracias a los cuales se ha obtenido una visión objetiva del funcionamiento del servicio de la UFPE y de los riesgos asociados, y se han sugerido medidas para reducirlos

Los condicionantes de la política militar norteafricana de Felipe II: estrategias, logística, campañas y sostenimiento de las plazas : de Los Gelves a la paz con el turco

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Departamento de Historia Moderna, leída el 01-04-2011Depto. de Historia Moderna y ContemporáneaFac. de Geografía e HistoriaTRUEunpu

La primera obra del arquitecto José Romero Aguirre

[SPA] Entre los años cincuenta y setenta del siglo XX se produjeron en la arquitectura española profundas transformaciones. A lo largo de su carrera profesional, el arquitecto José Romero Aguirre (1922-1979) es una figura clave de esos cambios en Zaragoza, la ciudad donde nació, trabajó y murió. Proyectó y construyó iglesias, colegios, residencias y conventos. Su primera obra religiosa, el convento de carmelitas descalzas de San José, de 1953, es un ejemplo de solución honrada, proyectada por un joven recién titulado que tan sólo tuvo a su disposición los justos medios que la escasez y el ambiente le permitieron. [ENG] Between the 50's and the 70`s of the twentieth century, there were profound transformations in Spanish architecture. During his long professional career, the architect José Romero Aguirre (1922-1979) was an important figure involved with these changes in Saragossa, the city where he was born, where he worked and where he died. He designed and built churches, schools, residences and convents. His first religious work, the convent of the Carmelitas Descalzas of San José, of 1953, is a well thought out example. It was designed by a young man, new in the profession, who had very few means at his disposal and worked within limited environmental boundaries