8 research outputs found

    DĂ©veloppement d’un systĂšme magnĂ©tique d’assistance Ă  la coaptation valvulaire cardiaque : Ă©tude de faisabilitĂ©

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    Les valvulopathies cardiaques sont des maladies cardiaques frĂ©quentes. Certaines se traduisent par un manque de coaptation des valves, on dĂ©signe ce type de pathologie sous le terme d’insuffisance. Le traitement standard de ces valvulopathies consiste Ă  remplacer les valves malades par des valves prothĂ©tiques. L'absence de substitut valvulaire idĂ©al et les inconvĂ©nients inhĂ©rents au matĂ©riel prothĂ©tique et Ă  la nĂ©cessitĂ© d’un traitement anticoagulant, incitent Ă  favoriser, chaque fois que cela est possible, les techniques de chirurgie conservatrice des valves. Actuellement, la rĂ©paration de la valve aortique demeure un dĂ©fi chirurgical. En revanche en ce qui concerne la valve mitrale une rĂ©paration est plus souvent rĂ©alisable. Cependant, la faisabilitĂ© et le rĂ©sultat final, dĂ©pends du mĂ©canisme de la fuite, de l’extension des lĂ©sions ainsi que de la technique de rĂ©paration chirurgicale utilisĂ©e. C’est pour tenter de surmonter tous ces obstacles qu’est nĂ© le projet d’étude des forces magnĂ©tiques d’aimants permanents comme traitement complĂ©mentaire Ă  une plastie ou comme traitement exclusif, pour rĂ©tablir une coaptation valvulaire efficace. Pour concrĂ©tiser cette idĂ©e, nous avons rĂ©alisĂ© notre recherche en trois Ă©tapes essentielles : 1- La conception d’un systĂšme magnĂ©tique d’aide Ă  la coaptation. 2- Une Ă©tude de faisabilitĂ© portant sur la vĂ©rification du fonctionnement des aimants in vitro et in vivo. 3- La vĂ©rification de l’efficacitĂ© de la force magnĂ©tique pour atteindre la coaptation nĂ©cessaire pour corriger l’insuffisance valvulaire. Cette recherche a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e en Ă©troite collaboration entre le service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Cardio-vasculaire du groupe hospitalier PitiĂ©-SalpĂȘtriĂšre Ă  Paris et le groupe de recherche Ă©lectrodynamique - GREM3 - du Laboratoire LAPLACE Ă  Toulouse. Les aimants ont Ă©tĂ© fabriquĂ©s en tenant compte des facteurs suivants : la biocompatibilitĂ©, la conservation de l'aimantation en milieu sanguin, la flexibilitĂ© mĂ©canique des Ă©lĂ©ments implantĂ©s, et la nĂ©cessitĂ© de stĂ©rilisation. L'une des prĂ©occupations principales Ă©tait d’obtenir une force magnĂ©tique adaptĂ©e pour fermer la valve et permettre son ouverture en fonction du cycle cardiaque. Dans un deuxiĂšme temps, sur la base des concepts prĂ©cĂ©demment dĂ©crits, et aprĂšs rĂ©alisation des tests in vitro, une Ă©tude expĂ©rimentale a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e in vivo en vue de dĂ©montrer la faisabilitĂ© du projet. Cette phase d’expĂ©rimentation animale a consistĂ© en l’implantation d’aimants permanents sur la valve aortique chez sept moutons gardĂ©s en vie pendant 3 mois. Les rĂ©sultats ont Ă©tĂ© satisfaisants : aucun prolapsus iatrogĂšne, parfaite bio-tolĂ©rance des aimants implantĂ©s sans nĂ©cessitĂ© de traitement anticoagulant, absence de rĂ©action inflammatoire visible Ă  l’autopsie aprĂšs sacrifice des moutons au troisiĂšme mois postopĂ©ratoire. En dernier lieu, afin d’étudier la valeur de la force magnĂ©tique nĂ©cessaire pour atteindre la coaptation souhaitĂ©e dans l’insuffisance valvulaire, trois modĂšles d’aimants ont Ă©tĂ© implantĂ©s chez quatre moutons. Malheureusement les rĂ©sultats n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© entiĂšrement satisfaisants. Actuellement, forts des enseignements tirĂ©s de ces expĂ©riences, nous tentons d’amĂ©liorer le problĂšme de fabrication des aimants ; de nouveaux aimants sont en cours de rĂ©alisation. A notre connaissance, l’utilisation de la force magnĂ©tique pour corriger l'insuffisance valvulaire n'a jamais Ă©tĂ© rapportĂ©e dans la littĂ©rature. MĂȘme si la phase d’expĂ©rimentation des aimants destinĂ©s Ă  traiter ces insuffisances valvulaires n’est pas arrivĂ©e Ă  son terme, nous avons montrĂ© la faisabilitĂ© du concept sur valve saine. Ce champ d'investigation doit continuer Ă  ĂȘtre explorĂ© compte tenu des avantages qu’ont ces aimants. D’une part, ils sont techniquement faciles Ă  poser et pourraient donc permettre de rĂ©aliser une rĂ©paration rapide et reproductible des valves. D’autre part, en raison de cette simplicitĂ©, on pourrait envisager une implantation par voie percutanĂ©e exclusive, ouvrant alors une voie nouvelle, en matiĂšre de chirurgie conservatrice des insuffisances valvulaires cardiaques (aortique et mitrale). ABSTRACT : Valvular heart diseases are important cardiac pathology and valvular heart insufficiency is one of them. The standard treatment is valve replacement with prosthetic valve. Lacks of ideal prosthetic valve and the drawbacks inherent in prosthetic material and anticoagulant therapy, encourage us to develop techniques of conservative surgery of the valve. Today, repair of the aortic valve remains a surgical challenge, but mitral valve repair is frequently possible. However, the result and possibility of repair depends on the mechanism of insufficiency and the extension of the lesion of the mitral valve. For overcoming all these obstacles, we proposed the theory to study of the magnetic forces of permanent magnets as an adjuvant, or as exclusive treatment to restore effective valve coaptation. To realize this idea, we based our research on three steps: 1 - Characterization of magnets required. 2 - Feasibility study of the magnets in vitro and in vivo 3 - Verification of the effectiveness of the magnetic force to achieve the desired coaptation in valvular insufficiency. This research is done in collaboration between the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery of PitiĂ©-SalpĂȘtriĂšre hospital in Paris and the research group Electrodynamics - GREM3 LAPLACE Laboratory in Toulouse. The magnets were fabricated by taking into account the following factors: lowprofile and permanency; biocompatibility; the conservation of magnetization in a blood medium; mechanical flexibility of the implanted elements; and the possibility of sterilization. One of the main concerns was to elaborate the adapted intensity of the magnetic force, such that it would be sufficiently strong to close the valve, yet be weak enough to allow valve opening during cardiac cycle. To assess the feasibility, before conducting experiments in animals, in vitro data were obtained and judged appropriate by using a circulating pig heart model with a paracorporeal pneumatic (ThoratecÂź) ventricular assist device. The phase of animal testing was carried out by the establishment of three permanent magnets on the aortic valve in seven sheep kept alive for 3 months and the results were satisfactory: - No iatrogenic prolepses, - Perfect bio-tolerance without the need for anticoagulation - No visible inflammatory reaction at autopsy on the third postoperative month. Finally, to study the effectiveness of the magnetic force to achieve the desired coaptation in valvular insufficiency, three models of magnets have been tested on 4 sheep, but the results were not satisfactory. Currently we try to solve the problem and new magnets are by the way of conception. To our knowledge, the use of magnetic force to correct valvular incompetence has never been reported. Even if the experimental phase of magnets for treating valvular insufficiency has not reached its conclusion, we demonstrated the feasibility of the concept of healthy valve. This field of investigation must continue to be explored because the magnets have several advantages. On the one hand, they are technically easy to perform, and could thus allow a rapid repair. On the other hand, because of this simplicity, we could consider a percutaneous implantation, which will open a new way for conservative surgery in valvular insufficiency

    Experimental use of magnets in cardiac valve repair

    No full text
    Les valvulopathies cardiaques sont des maladies cardiaques frĂ©quentes. Certaines se traduisent par un manque de coaptation des valves, on dĂ©signe ce type de pathologie sous le terme d’insuffisance. Le traitement standard de ces valvulopathies consiste Ă  remplacer les valves malades par des valves prothĂ©tiques. L'absence de substitut valvulaire idĂ©al et les inconvĂ©nients inhĂ©rents au matĂ©riel prothĂ©tique et Ă  la nĂ©cessitĂ© d’un traitement anticoagulant, incitent Ă  favoriser, chaque fois que cela est possible, les techniques de chirurgie conservatrice des valves. Actuellement, la rĂ©paration de la valve aortique demeure un dĂ©fi chirurgical. En revanche en ce qui concerne la valve mitrale une rĂ©paration est plus souvent rĂ©alisable. Cependant, la faisabilitĂ© et le rĂ©sultat final, dĂ©pends du mĂ©canisme de la fuite, de l’extension des lĂ©sions ainsi que de la technique de rĂ©paration chirurgicale utilisĂ©e. C’est pour tenter de surmonter tous ces obstacles qu’est nĂ© le projet d’étude des forces magnĂ©tiques d’aimants permanents comme traitement complĂ©mentaire Ă  une plastie ou comme traitement exclusif, pour rĂ©tablir une coaptation valvulaire efficace. Pour concrĂ©tiser cette idĂ©e, nous avons rĂ©alisĂ© notre recherche en trois Ă©tapes essentielles : 1- La conception d’un systĂšme magnĂ©tique d’aide Ă  la coaptation. 2- Une Ă©tude de faisabilitĂ© portant sur la vĂ©rification du fonctionnement des aimants in vitro et in vivo. 3- La vĂ©rification de l’efficacitĂ© de la force magnĂ©tique pour atteindre la coaptation nĂ©cessaire pour corriger l’insuffisance valvulaire. Cette recherche a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e en Ă©troite collaboration entre le service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Cardio-vasculaire du groupe hospitalier PitiĂ©-SalpĂȘtriĂšre Ă  Paris et le groupe de recherche Ă©lectrodynamique - GREM3 - du Laboratoire LAPLACE Ă  Toulouse. Les aimants ont Ă©tĂ© fabriquĂ©s en tenant compte des facteurs suivants : la biocompatibilitĂ©, la conservation de l'aimantation en milieu sanguin, la flexibilitĂ© mĂ©canique des Ă©lĂ©ments implantĂ©s, et la nĂ©cessitĂ© de stĂ©rilisation. L'une des prĂ©occupations principales Ă©tait d’obtenir une force magnĂ©tique adaptĂ©e pour fermer la valve et permettre son ouverture en fonction du cycle cardiaque. Dans un deuxiĂšme temps, sur la base des concepts prĂ©cĂ©demment dĂ©crits, et aprĂšs rĂ©alisation des tests in vitro, une Ă©tude expĂ©rimentale a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e in vivo en vue de dĂ©montrer la faisabilitĂ© du projet. Cette phase d’expĂ©rimentation animale a consistĂ© en l’implantation d’aimants permanents sur la valve aortique chez sept moutons gardĂ©s en vie pendant 3 mois. Les rĂ©sultats ont Ă©tĂ© satisfaisants : aucun prolapsus iatrogĂšne, parfaite bio-tolĂ©rance des aimants implantĂ©s sans nĂ©cessitĂ© de traitement anticoagulant, absence de rĂ©action inflammatoire visible Ă  l’autopsie aprĂšs sacrifice des moutons au troisiĂšme mois postopĂ©ratoire. En dernier lieu, afin d’étudier la valeur de la force magnĂ©tique nĂ©cessaire pour atteindre la coaptation souhaitĂ©e dans l’insuffisance valvulaire, trois modĂšles d’aimants ont Ă©tĂ© implantĂ©s chez quatre moutons. Malheureusement les rĂ©sultats n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© entiĂšrement satisfaisants. Actuellement, forts des enseignements tirĂ©s de ces expĂ©riences, nous tentons d’amĂ©liorer le problĂšme de fabrication des aimants ; de nouveaux aimants sont en cours de rĂ©alisation. A notre connaissance, l’utilisation de la force magnĂ©tique pour corriger l'insuffisance valvulaire n'a jamais Ă©tĂ© rapportĂ©e dans la littĂ©rature. MĂȘme si la phase d’expĂ©rimentation des aimants destinĂ©s Ă  traiter ces insuffisances valvulaires n’est pas arrivĂ©e Ă  son terme, nous avons montrĂ© la faisabilitĂ© du concept sur valve saine. Ce champ d'investigation doit continuer Ă  ĂȘtre explorĂ© compte tenu des avantages qu’ont ces aimants. D’une part, ils sont techniquement faciles Ă  poser et pourraient donc permettre de rĂ©aliser une rĂ©paration rapide et reproductible des valves. D’autre part, en raison de cette simplicitĂ©, on pourrait envisager une implantation par voie percutanĂ©e exclusive, ouvrant alors une voie nouvelle, en matiĂšre de chirurgie conservatrice des insuffisances valvulaires cardiaques (aortique et mitrale).Valvular heart diseases are important cardiac pathology and valvular heart insufficiency is one of them. The standard treatment is valve replacement with prosthetic valve. Lacks of ideal prosthetic valve and the drawbacks inherent in prosthetic material and anticoagulant therapy, encourage us to develop techniques of conservative surgery of the valve. Today, repair of the aortic valve remains a surgical challenge, but mitral valve repair is frequently possible. However, the result and possibility of repair depends on the mechanism of insufficiency and the extension of the lesion of the mitral valve. For overcoming all these obstacles, we proposed the theory to study of the magnetic forces of permanent magnets as an adjuvant, or as exclusive treatment to restore effective valve coaptation. To realize this idea, we based our research on three steps: 1 - Characterization of magnets required. 2 - Feasibility study of the magnets in vitro and in vivo 3 - Verification of the effectiveness of the magnetic force to achieve the desired coaptation in valvular insufficiency. This research is done in collaboration between the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery of PitiĂ©-SalpĂȘtriĂšre hospital in Paris and the research group Electrodynamics - GREM3 LAPLACE Laboratory in Toulouse. The magnets were fabricated by taking into account the following factors: lowprofile and permanency; biocompatibility; the conservation of magnetization in a blood medium; mechanical flexibility of the implanted elements; and the possibility of sterilization. One of the main concerns was to elaborate the adapted intensity of the magnetic force, such that it would be sufficiently strong to close the valve, yet be weak enough to allow valve opening during cardiac cycle. To assess the feasibility, before conducting experiments in animals, in vitro data were obtained and judged appropriate by using a circulating pig heart model with a paracorporeal pneumatic (ThoratecÂź) ventricular assist device. The phase of animal testing was carried out by the establishment of three permanent magnets on the aortic valve in seven sheep kept alive for 3 months and the results were satisfactory: - No iatrogenic prolepses, - Perfect bio-tolerance without the need for anticoagulation - No visible inflammatory reaction at autopsy on the third postoperative month. Finally, to study the effectiveness of the magnetic force to achieve the desired coaptation in valvular insufficiency, three models of magnets have been tested on 4 sheep, but the results were not satisfactory. Currently we try to solve the problem and new magnets are by the way of conception. To our knowledge, the use of magnetic force to correct valvular incompetence has never been reported. Even if the experimental phase of magnets for treating valvular insufficiency has not reached its conclusion, we demonstrated the feasibility of the concept of healthy valve. This field of investigation must continue to be explored because the magnets have several advantages. On the one hand, they are technically easy to perform, and could thus allow a rapid repair. On the other hand, because of this simplicity, we could consider a percutaneous implantation, which will open a new way for conservative surgery in valvular insufficiency

    Développement d'un systÚme magnétique d'assistance à la coaptation valvulaire cardiaque (étude de faisabilité)

    No full text
    Les valvulopathies cardiaques sont des maladies cardiaques frĂ©quentes. Certaines se traduisent par un manque de coaptation des valves, on dĂ©signe ce type de pathologie sous le terme d insuffisance. Le traitement standard de ces valvulopathies consiste Ă  remplacer les valves malades par des valves prothĂ©tiques. L'absence de substitut valvulaire idĂ©al et les inconvĂ©nients inhĂ©rents au matĂ©riel prothĂ©tique et Ă  la nĂ©cessitĂ© d un traitement anticoagulant, incitent Ă  favoriser, chaque fois que cela est possible, les techniques de chirurgie conservatrice des valves. Actuellement, la rĂ©paration de la valve aortique demeure un dĂ©fi chirurgical. En revanche en ce qui concerne la valve mitrale une rĂ©paration est plus souvent rĂ©alisable. Cependant, la faisabilitĂ© et le rĂ©sultat final, dĂ©pends du mĂ©canisme de la fuite, de l extension des lĂ©sions ainsi que de la technique de rĂ©paration chirurgicale utilisĂ©e. C est pour tenter de surmonter tous ces obstacles qu est nĂ© le projet d Ă©tude des forces magnĂ©tiques d aimants permanents comme traitement complĂ©mentaire Ă  une plastie ou comme traitement exclusif, pour rĂ©tablir une coaptation valvulaire efficace. Pour concrĂ©tiser cette idĂ©e, nous avons rĂ©alisĂ© notre recherche en trois Ă©tapes essentielles : 1- La conception d un systĂšme magnĂ©tique d aide Ă  la coaptation. 2- Une Ă©tude de faisabilitĂ© portant sur la vĂ©rification du fonctionnement des aimants in vitro et in vivo. 3- La vĂ©rification de l efficacitĂ© de la force magnĂ©tique pour atteindre la coaptation nĂ©cessaire pour corriger l insuffisance valvulaire. Cette recherche a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e en Ă©troite collaboration entre le service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Cardio-vasculaire du groupe hospitalier PitiĂ©-SalpĂȘtriĂšre Ă  Paris et le groupe de recherche Ă©lectrodynamique - GREM3 - du Laboratoire LAPLACE Ă  Toulouse. Les aimants ont Ă©tĂ© fabriquĂ©s en tenant compte des facteurs suivants : la biocompatibilitĂ©, la conservation de l'aimantation en milieu sanguin, la flexibilitĂ© mĂ©canique des Ă©lĂ©ments implantĂ©s, et la nĂ©cessitĂ© de stĂ©rilisation. L'une des prĂ©occupations principales Ă©tait d obtenir une force magnĂ©tique adaptĂ©e pour fermer la valve et permettre son ouverture en fonction du cycle cardiaque. Dans un deuxiĂšme temps, sur la base des concepts prĂ©cĂ©demment dĂ©crits, et aprĂšs rĂ©alisation des tests in vitro, une Ă©tude expĂ©rimentale a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e in vivo en vue de dĂ©montrer la faisabilitĂ© du projet. Cette phase d expĂ©rimentation animale a consistĂ© en l implantation d aimants permanents sur la valve aortique chez sept moutons gardĂ©s en vie pendant 3 mois. Les rĂ©sultats ont Ă©tĂ© satisfaisants : aucun prolapsus iatrogĂšne, parfaite bio-tolĂ©rance des aimants implantĂ©s sans nĂ©cessitĂ© de traitement anticoagulant, absence de rĂ©action inflammatoire visible Ă  l autopsie aprĂšs sacrifice des moutons au troisiĂšme mois postopĂ©ratoire. En dernier lieu, afin d Ă©tudier la valeur de la force magnĂ©tique nĂ©cessaire pour atteindre la coaptation souhaitĂ©e dans l insuffisance valvulaire, trois modĂšles d aimants ont Ă©tĂ© implantĂ©s chez quatre moutons. Malheureusement les rĂ©sultats n ont pas Ă©tĂ© entiĂšrement satisfaisants. Actuellement, forts des enseignements tirĂ©s de ces expĂ©riences, nous tentons d amĂ©liorer le problĂšme de fabrication des aimants ; de nouveaux aimants sont en cours de rĂ©alisation. A notre connaissance, l utilisation de la force magnĂ©tique pour corriger l'insuffisance valvulaire n'a jamais Ă©tĂ© rapportĂ©e dans la littĂ©rature. MĂȘme si la phase d expĂ©rimentation des aimants destinĂ©s Ă  traiter ces insuffisances valvulaires n est pas arrivĂ©e Ă  son terme, nous avons montrĂ© la faisabilitĂ© du concept sur valve saine. Ce champ d'investigation doit continuer Ă  ĂȘtre explorĂ© compte tenu des avantages qu ont ces aimants. D une part, ils sont techniquement faciles Ă  poser et pourraient donc permettre de rĂ©aliser une rĂ©paration rapide et reproductible des valves. D autre part, en raison de cette simplicitĂ©, on pourrait envisager une implantation par voie percutanĂ©e exclusive, ouvrant alors une voie nouvelle, en matiĂšre de chirurgie conservatrice des insuffisances valvulaires cardiaques (aortique et mitrale).Valvular heart diseases are important cardiac pathology and valvular heart insufficiency is one of them. The standard treatment is valve replacement with prosthetic valve. Lacks of ideal prosthetic valve and the drawbacks inherent in prosthetic material and anticoagulant therapy, encourage us to develop techniques of conservative surgery of the valve. Today, repair of the aortic valve remains a surgical challenge, but mitral valve repair is frequently possible. However, the result and possibility of repair depends on the mechanism of insufficiency and the extension of the lesion of the mitral valve. For overcoming all these obstacles, we proposed the theory to study of the magnetic forces of permanent magnets as an adjuvant, or as exclusive treatment to restore effective valve coaptation. To realize this idea, we based our research on three steps: 1 - Characterization of magnets required. 2 - Feasibility study of the magnets in vitro and in vivo 3 - Verification of the effectiveness of the magnetic force to achieve the desired coaptation in valvular insufficiency. This research is done in collaboration between the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery of PitiĂ©-SalpĂȘtriĂšre hospital in Paris and the research group Electrodynamics - GREM3 LAPLACE Laboratory in Toulouse. The magnets were fabricated by taking into account the following factors: lowprofile and permanency; biocompatibility; the conservation of magnetization in a blood medium; mechanical flexibility of the implanted elements; and the possibility of sterilization. One of the main concerns was to elaborate the adapted intensity of the magnetic force, such that it would be sufficiently strong to close the valve, yet be weak enough to allow valve opening during cardiac cycle. To assess the feasibility, before conducting experiments in animals, in vitro data were obtained and judged appropriate by using a circulating pig heart model with a paracorporeal pneumatic (ThoratecÂź) ventricular assist device. The phase of animal testing was carried out by the establishment of three permanent magnets on the aortic valve in seven sheep kept alive for 3 months and the results were satisfactory: - No iatrogenic prolepses, - Perfect bio-tolerance without the need for anticoagulation - No visible inflammatory reaction at autopsy on the third postoperative month. Finally, to study the effectiveness of the magnetic force to achieve the desired coaptation in valvular insufficiency, three models of magnets have been tested on 4 sheep, but the results were not satisfactory. Currently we try to solve the problem and new magnets are by the way of conception. To our knowledge, the use of magnetic force to correct valvular incompetence has never been reported. Even if the experimental phase of magnets for treating valvular insufficiency has not reached its conclusion, we demonstrated the feasibility of the concept of healthy valve. This field of investigation must continue to be explored because the magnets have several advantages. On the one hand, they are technically easy to perform, and could thus allow a rapid repair. On the other hand, because of this simplicity, we could consider a percutaneous implantation, which will open a new way for conservative surgery in valvular insufficiency.TOULOUSE-INP (315552154) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Effect of recipient gender and donor‐specific antibodies on antibody‐mediated rejection after heart transplantation

    No full text
    International audienceGender-difference regarding antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) after heart transplantation has been described. However, no study accounted for the presence of preformed donor-specific antibodies (pfDSA), a known risk factor of AMR, more common among women than men. In a single-institution 6-year cohort (2010-2015), time to AMR was assessed, comparing men with women by survival analysis with a 1-year death-censored follow-up. All AMRs were biopsy proven. Confounding variables that were accounted for included mean intensity fluorescence (MFI) of pfDSA, recipient age, HLA-, size- and sex-mismatch. 463 patients were included. Overall incidence of AMR was 10.3% at 1 year. After adjusting for confounding variables, independent risk factors of AMR were female recipient gender (adjusted hazard-ratio [adj. HR] = 1.78 [1.06-2.99]), P = .03) and the presence of pfDSA (adj. HR = 3.20 [1.80-5.70], P < .001). This association remained significant when considering pfDSA by their MFI; female recipient gender had an adj. HR = 2.2 (P = .026) and MFI of pfDSA (per 1 MFI-increase) adj. HR = 1.0002 (P < .0001). In this cohort, women were at higher risk of AMR than men and this risk increase was additive to that of pfDSA. These findings may suggest a gender-related difference in the severity of pfDSA

    Analysis of a multicenter registry on evaluation of transit-time flow in coronary artery disease surgery

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    International audienceOBJECTIVE: The Evaluation of Transit-Time Flow in Coronary Artery Disease Surgery (EFCAD) registry aims to assess the influence of transit-time flow measurement (TTFM) in daily practice. METHODS: EFCAD is a prospective, multicenter study involving 9 centers performing TTFM during isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. Primary end point was occurrence and risk factors of major adverse cardiac events, including perioperative myocardial infarction, urgent postoperative coronary angiogram and/or revascularization, and hospital mortality. Secondary end points were rate of graft revision during surgery and factors affecting graft flow. We respected the limit values set by the experts: mean graft flow &gt;15 mL/minute and pulsatility index ≀5. RESULTS: Between May 2017 and March 2021, 1616 patients were registered in the EFCAD database. After review, 1414 were included for analyses. Of those, 1176 were eligible for primary end point analysis. Graft revision, mainly due to inadequate TTFM values, occurred in 2% (29 patients). The primary end point occurred in 46 (3.9%) patients, and it was related with left anterior descending artery graft flow ≀15 mL/minute (odds ratio, 3.64; P &lt; .001). Graft flow was related with number of grafts (3 vs 1-2, ÎČ = -1.6; 4-6 vs 1-2, ÎČ = -4.1; P &lt; .001; ÎČ &gt; 0 indicates higher flow), and graft origin (aorta vs Y, ÎČ = 9.2; in situ left internal thoracic artery vs Y, ÎČ = 3.2; in situ right internal thoracic artery vs Y, ÎČ = 2.3; P &lt; .001). CONCLUSIONS: Data from EFCAD study suggest that TTFM is reliable to evaluate graft flow, and acceptance of inadequate flow on left anterior descending artery anastomosis influence postoperative outcomes. In our opinion, TTFM assessment should be routinely used in coronary artery bypass procedures, even if interpretation depends on learning curves

    Évaluation Ă  long terme de la transplantation cardiaque effectuĂ©e aprĂšs assistance ventriculaire comparativement Ă  la transplantation cardiaque standard

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    International audienceBACKGROUND:Data on the long-term outcome of heart transplantation in patients with a ventricular assist device (VAD) are scarce.AIM:To evaluate long-term outcome after heart transplantation in patients with a VAD compared with no mechanical circulatory support.METHODS:Consecutive all-comers who underwent heart transplantation were included at a single high-volume centre from January 2005 until December 2012, with 5 years of follow-up. Clinical and biological characteristics, operative results, outcomes and survival were recorded. Regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of 1-year and 5-year mortality.RESULTS:Fifty-two patients with bridge to transplantation by VAD (VAD group) and 289 patients transplanted without a VAD (standard group) were enrolled. The mean age was 46±11 years in the VAD group compared with 51±13 years in the standard group (P=0.01); 17% of the VAD group and 25% of the standard group were women (P=0.21). Ischaemic time was longer in the VAD group (207±54 vs 169±60minutes; P<0.01). There was no difference in primary graft failure (33% vs 25%; P=0.22) or 1-year mortality (17% vs 28%; P=0.12). In the multivariable analysis, preoperative VAD was an independent protective factor for 1-year mortality (odds ratio 0.40, 95% confidence interval 0.17-0.97; P=0.04). Independent risk factors for 1-year mortality were recipient age>60 years, recipient creatinine, body surface area mismatch and ischaemic time. The VAD and standard groups had similar long-term survival, with 5-year mortality rates of 35% and 40%, respectively (P=0.72).CONCLUSIONS:Bridge to transplantation by VAD was associated with a reduction in 1-year mortality, leading critically ill patients to similar long-term survival compared with patients who underwent standard heart transplantation. This alternative strategy may benefit carefully selected patientsContextePeu de donnĂ©es sont disponibles concernant le devenir des patients transplantĂ©s aprĂšs l’implantation d’un dispositif d’assistance ventriculaire (DAV).ObjectifsÉvaluer le devenir Ă  long terme aprĂšs transplantation cardiaque des patients implantĂ©s d’un DAV, comparativement aux patients transplantĂ©s sans dispositif.MĂ©thodesTous les patients consĂ©cutifs qui ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une transplantation cardiaque entre janvier 2005 et dĂ©cembre 2012 ont Ă©tĂ© inclus au sein d’un unique centre Ă  haut volume, avec un suivi de 5 ans. Les caractĂ©ristiques cliniques, biologiques, les rĂ©sultats opĂ©ratoires, le devenir et la mortalitĂ© totale ont Ă©tĂ© relevĂ©s. Des analyses de rĂ©gression ont Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©es pour dĂ©terminer les facteurs prĂ©dictifs de mortalitĂ© Ă  1 et 5 ans.RĂ©sultatsCinquante-deux patients « DAV » et 289 patients « standards » transplantĂ©s sans DAV ont Ă©tĂ© inclus. L’ñge moyen Ă©tait de 46 ± 11 ans dans le groupe DAV vs 51 ± 13 ans dans le groupe standard (p = 0,01) et 17% des patients DAV Ă©taient de sexe fĂ©minin vs 25% (p = 0,21). Le temps d’ischĂ©mie froide Ă©tait plus long dans le groupe DAV (207 ± 54 vs 169 ± 60 min, p < 0,01). Il n’y avait pas de diffĂ©rence de dĂ©faillance primaire du greffon (33% vs 25%, p = 0,22) ou de mortalitĂ© Ă  1 an (17% vs 28%, p = 0,12). Le DAV prĂ©-transplantation Ă©tait un facteur protecteur indĂ©pendant de mortalitĂ© Ă  1 an (OR 0,40 [0,17-0,97], p = 0,04). Les facteurs de risque indĂ©pendants de mortalitĂ© Ă  1 an Ă©taient l’ñge du receveur>60 ans, la crĂ©atinine de receveur, le mismatch de surface corporelle et la durĂ©e d’ischĂ©mie. Les patients DAV et standards avaient une survie Ă  long terme similaire, avec une mortalitĂ© Ă  5 ans respectivement de 35% et 40% (p = 0,72).ConclusionsLe pont vers la transplantation par un DAV Ă©tait associĂ© Ă  une rĂ©duction de la mortalitĂ© Ă  1 an, conduisant les patients les plus critiques Ă  une survie Ă  long terme comparable Ă  celle des patients transplantĂ©s de façon standard. Cette stratĂ©gie alternative est susceptible de bĂ©nĂ©ficier Ă  une population de patients sĂ©lectionnĂ©s

    Analysis of a multicenter registry on evaluation of transit-time flow in coronary artery disease surgeryCentral MessagePerspective

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    Objective: The Evaluation of Transit-Time Flow in Coronary Artery Disease Surgery (EFCAD) registry aims to assess the influence of transit-time flow measurement (TTFM) in daily practice. Methods: EFCAD is a prospective, multicenter study involving 9 centers performing TTFM during isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. Primary end point was occurrence and risk factors of major adverse cardiac events, including perioperative myocardial infarction, urgent postoperative coronary angiogram and/or revascularization, and hospital mortality. Secondary end points were rate of graft revision during surgery and factors affecting graft flow. We respected the limit values set by the experts: mean graft flow >15 mL/minute and pulsatility index ≀5. Results: Between May 2017 and March 2021, 1616 patients were registered in the EFCAD database. After review, 1414 were included for analyses. Of those, 1176 were eligible for primary end point analysis. Graft revision, mainly due to inadequate TTFM values, occurred in 2% (29 patients). The primary end point occurred in 46 (3.9%) patients, and it was related with left anterior descending artery graft flow ≀15 mL/minute (odds ratio, 3.64; P  0 indicates higher flow), and graft origin (aorta vs Y, ÎČ = 9.2; in situ left internal thoracic artery vs Y, ÎČ = 3.2; in situ right internal thoracic artery vs Y, ÎČ = 2.3; P < .001). Conclusions: Data from EFCAD study suggest that TTFM is reliable to evaluate graft flow, and acceptance of inadequate flow on left anterior descending artery anastomosis influence postoperative outcomes. In our opinion, TTFM assessment should be routinely used in coronary artery bypass procedures, even if interpretation depends on learning curves
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