Maximal regularity in lpl_p spaces for discrete time fractional shifted equations

In this paper, we are presenting a new method based on operator-valued Fourier multipliers to \- characterize the existence and uniqueness of $\ell_p$-solutions for discrete time fractional models in the form \Delta^{\alpha}u(n,x) = Au(n ,x) + \sum_{j=1}^k \beta_j u(n-\tau_j,x) +f(n,u(n,x)),\,\,\, n \in \mathbb{Z}, x \in \Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N, \beta_j\in\mathbb{R}\hspace{0.1cm}\mbox{and}\hspace{0.1cm} \tau_j \in \mathbb{Z}, where $A$ is a closed linear operator defined on a Banach space $X$ and $\Delta^{\alpha}$ denotes the Gr\"unwald-Letnikov fractional derivative of order $\alpha>0.$ If $X$ is a $UMD$ space, we provide this characterization only in terms of the $R$-boundedness of the operator-valued symbol associated to the abstract model. To illustrate our results, we derive new qualitative properties of nonlinear difference equations with shiftings, including fractional versions of the logistic and Nagumo equations

Gait stability at early stages of multiple sclerosis using different data sources

Background: People at early stages of multiple sclerosis have subtle balance problems that may affect gait stability. However, differences in methods of determining stability such as sensor type and placements, may lead to different results and affect their interpretation when comparing to controls and other studies. Questions: Do people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) exhibit lower gait stability? Do location and type of data used to calculate stability metrics affect comparisons? Methods: 30 PwMS with no walking impairments as clinically measured and 15 healthy controls walked on a treadmill at 1.2 ms−1 while 3D acceleration data was obtained from sacrum, shoulder and cervical markers and from an accelerometer placed at the sacrum. The local divergence exponent was calculated for the four data sources. An ANOVA with group (multiple sclerosis and control) and data source as main factors was used to determine the effect of disease, data source and their interaction on stability metrics. Results: PwMS walked with significantly less stability according to all sensors (no interaction). A significant effect of data source on stability was also found, indicating that the local divergence exponent derived from sacrum accelerometer was lower than that derived from the other 3 sensor locations. Significance: PwMS with no evident gait impairments are less stable than healthy controls when walking on a treadmill. Although different data sources can be used to determine MS-related stability deterioration, a consensus about location and data source is needed. The local divergence exponent can be a useful measure of progression of gait instability at early stages of MS

Alcaloides de especies chilenas del género Rhodophiala C. Presl (Amaryllidaceae) y su importancia quimiotaxonómica

The family Amaryllidaceae is widely distributed from temperate to tropical regions. Amaryllidaceae species from thesubfamily Amaryllidoideae can biosynthesize alkaloids with important physiological effects. Rhodophiala C. Presl isone of the native genera of Amaryllidoideae of Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and Brazil. However, despite thediversity of this genus in Chile, their alkaloids have only been studied previously in one species of this country. The presentwork aims to analyze the alkaloid profi les and chemotaxonomically compare three other Chilean species of Rhodophiala:Rhodophiala bagnoldii (Herb.) Traub, Rhodophiala pratensis (Poepp.) Traub and Rhodophiala volckmannii Phil. Bulbextracts were analyzed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and alkaloids were characterizedaccording to retention time and fragmentation pattern. The skeleton type alkaloids detected were lycorine, crinine,galanthamine, homolycorine, tazettine and montanine. All analyzed species showed different alkaloid profi les, indicatingthese compounds can be used as a chemotaxonomic tool. Furthermore, the alkaloid types detected in this genus havemultiple reported biological properties and these species can constitute new sources of important medicinal products.La familia Amaryllidaceae está ampliamente distribuida desde regiones templadas a tropicales. Las especies de la subfamiliaAmaryllidoideae biosintetizan alcaloides con importantes efectos fi siológicos. Rhodophiala C. Presl es uno de los génerosnativos de Amaryllidoideae de Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay y Brasil. Sin embargo, a pesar de la diversidad deeste género en Chile, sólo se han estudiado los alcaloides de una especie de este país. En este trabajo se analiza el perfi lalcaloideo y se comparan quimiotaxonómicamente otras tres especies chilenas del género Rhodophiala: Rhodophialabagnoldii (Herb.) Traub, Rhodophiala pratensis (Poepp.) Traub y Rhodophiala volckmannii Phil. Se analizaron extractosde bulbos mediante cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas (CG-EM). Los alcaloides fueron caracterizados por sutiempo de retención y patrón de fragmentación. Los tipos de esqueletos de los alcaloides detectados fueron licorina, crinina,galantamina, homolicorina, tazetina y montanina. Todas las especies analizadas presentaron diferentes perfi les alcaloideos,por lo que estos compuestos pueden ser usados como una herramienta quimiotaxonómica. Además, los tipos de alcaloidesdetectados en este género tienen múltiples propiedades biológicas reportadas en literatura y estas especies pueden constituirnuevas fuentes de productos de importancia medicinal

Influence of host sex and age on infracommunities of metazoan parasites of Prochilodus lineatus

149 specimens of Prochilodus lineatus were collected on the upper Paraná River floodplain. Of these, 121 (82.1 %) were parasitized. 33 species of metazoan parasites were recorded. Rhinonastes pseudocapsaloideum was classified as secondary, while all other species were classified as satellites. Ergasilus sp. and Tereancistrum curimba were positively associated and their abundances were positively correlated. Saccocoelioides magnorchis and S. nanii were positively associated and their abundances were positively correlated. The mean diversity in the infracommunities of P. lineatus was H = 0.6875 ± 0.4398. Host standard length was not correlated with parasite diversity (rs = 0.1726; p = 0.0533). The abundances of T. curimba and Kritskyia boegeri, and S. magnorchis and S. nanii were significantly correlated with host length. Correlation between fish age and parasite prevalence was not significant. The abundances of Amplexibranchius sp., K. boegeri and S. magnorchis were significantly different among host age classes. For Amplexibranchius sp., the three-year old age class had more parasites. For K. boegeri, the intermediate age classes had the most numerous parasites. Only Tereancistrum curimba showed significant difference in the prevalence between the sexes, with females being more parasitized

Well-posedness for degenerate third order equations with delay and applications to inverse problems

[EN] In this paper, we study well-posedness for the following third-order in time equation with delay <disp-formula idoperators defined on a Banach space X with domains D(A) and D(B) such that t)is the state function taking values in X and u(t): (-, 0] X defined as u(t)() = u(t+) for < 0 belongs to an appropriate phase space where F and G are bounded linear operators. Using operator-valued Fourier multiplier techniques we provide optimal conditions for well-posedness of equation (0.1) in periodic Lebesgue-Bochner spaces Lp(T,X), periodic Besov spaces Bp,qs(T,X) and periodic Triebel-Lizorkin spaces Fp,qs(T,X). A novel application to an inverse problem is given.The first, second and third authors have been supported by MEC, grant MTM2016-75963-P. The second author has been supported by AICO/2016/30. The fourth author has been supported by MEC, grant MTM2015-65825-P.Conejero, JA.; Lizama, C.; Murillo-Arcila, M.; Seoane Sepúlveda, JB. (2019). 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Formation of Flavanol-aldehyde Adducts in Barrel-aged White Wine - Possible Contribution of These Products to Colour

[EN] This paper describes the formation and diversity of new compounds resulting from the polymerisation of furanic and phenolic flavanol-aldehydes with HPLC¿DAD and LC¿ES/MS analysis. Polymerisation, resulting from nucleophilic reactions, formed dimers, trimers, soluble and insoluble polymers. Reactions in hydroalcoholic solution with pure aldehydes (phenolic and furanic) and flavanols (catechin) were studied. The study was repeated with different aldehydes in white wine. This research focused particularly on the colour properties of the released products and their potential impact on the colour of white wine. Some products were purified and isolated; these were mainly catechinfurfuraldehyde, catechin-methyl-5-furfuraldehyde, catechin-hydroxymethyl-furfuraldehyde, catechin-vanillin, and catechin-syringaldehyde dimers. The most powerful coloured products resulted from furanic aldehydes. Over the course of the experiment, the reaction produced dimers, trimers and oligomers. After 50 to 60 days, the colour of the solution was mainly due to soluble polymeric forms. In addition, the role of SO2 , generally used during vinification and ageing, was studied. The influence of SO2 on the kinetics of the reaction was limited.Vivas, N.; Nonier, MFB.; Absalon, C.; Lizama Abad, V.; Jamet, F.; De Gaulejac, NV.; Vitry, C.... (2008). Formation of Flavanol-aldehyde Adducts in Barrel-aged White Wine - Possible Contribution of These Products to Colour. South African journal of enology and viticulture. 29(2):98-108. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/105310S9810829

Carotenoids from persimmon juice processing

[EN] The aim of this study was the use and revalorization of two persimmon by-products A and B generated in the juice production process. The by-product B resulting from a pectinase enzymatic treatment of peels and pulp to optimize juice extraction was especially suitable for recovery of valuable bioactive carotenoids. The extraction solvents and solvent combinations used were: ethanol, acetone, ethanol/acetone (50:50 v/v) and ethanol/ acetone/hexane (25:25:50 v/v/v). HPLC-DAD analysis detected and identified a total of nine individual carotenoids namely violaxanthin, neoxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, ß-cryptoxanthin 5,6-epoxide, ß-cryptoxanthin, ¿-carotene, and ß-carotene. ß-cryptoxanthin and ß-carotene represented 49.2% and 13.2% of the total carotenoid content (TCC) in the acetone extract from by-product B. TCC contributed greatly to antioxidant activity of acetone extract derived from this by-product. Pectinase enzymatic treatment of persimmon peels and pulp followed by absolute acetone extraction of carotenoids could be an efficient method to obtain a rich extract in these compounds that could be used as nutraceutical ingredient.This study was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades through the funded project 'Simbiosis industrial en el aprovechamiento integral del caqui (Diospyros kaki); Ejemplo de bioeconomia' (CTM2017-88978-R). Sara Gea-Botella thanks the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion la Ayuda para la Formacion de Doctores en Empresas "Doctorados Industriales" (DI-16-08465) through the R+D+i project entitled 'Evaluacion in vitro e in vivo de un extracto procedente de subproductos de la industrializacion del caqui'. The authors wish to thank Mitra Sol Technologies S.L. the given technical assistance.Gea-Botella, S.; Agulló, L.; Martí, N.; Martínez-Madrid, M.; Lizama Abad, V.; Martín-Bermudo, F.; Berná, G.... (2021). Carotenoids from persimmon juice processing. Food Research International. 141:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109882S1814