Movimento de gaveta em joelhos de cães submetidos à estabilização extracapsular após secção do ligamento cruzado cranial in vitro

A técnica TightRope, que procura aperfeiçoar a estabilização extra-capsular com sutura lateral, por meio da realização de mínimas incisões e criação de túneis ósseos em pontos isométricos, que permitem a inserção de mecanismo que anula o movimento de gaveta, além de reduzir a ocorrência de complicações graves. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar a modificação da técnica TightRope em joelhos de cadáveres caninos com a finalidade de disponibilizar um procedimento simples e de custo reduzido para tratamento da Ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial (RLCCr). Experimentalmente, foram utilizados 20 membros pélvicos de dez cadáveres caninos, provenientes do setor de patologia da Universidade Norte do Paraná, os quais pesavam entre 6,3 e 24kg. Para estabilização do LCCr, rompido intencionalmente, foi adotada a técnica de TightRope modificada utilizando fio de poliamida, cavilha e emprego de um parafuso ortopédico para proporcionar a fixação óssea. Comparando os valores de deslocamento obtidos durante a realização do movimento de gaveta previamente à ruptura do LCCr e após a realização do procedimento cirúrgico, observou-se que a modificação da técnica TightRope promoveu estabilidade significativa para a maioria (12 de 20) dos joelhos testados (P=0,0033). Contudo, essa estabilidade foi inferior, quando comparada à estabilidade do ligamento intacto.The TightRope technique, that has been developed, aims to improve the extra-capsular stabilization with lateral suture through smaller incisions and creating isometric bone tunnels at points that allow the inclusion of a mechanism that overrides the movement of drawer and reduce the occurrence of serious complications. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the TightRope modified technique in canine cadaver knees in order to provide a simple and cost effective treatment for cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCrLR). Experimentally; we used 20 pelvic limbs of ten canine corpses from the pathology service at the University of Northern Parana, which weighed between 6.3 and 24kg. To stabilize the cranial cruciate ligament (CCrL), which has been broken intentionally, the TightRope modified technique was adopted by using modified polyamide yarn, pin and a grub screw to provide orthopedic bone fixation. Comparing the displacement values obtained during the movement of the drawer before the break of CCrL and after the surgical procedure was observed that the TightRope modified technique provided significant stability for the majority (12 of 20) of the knees tested (P=0.0033). However, the stability of the technique was lower than the stability of the intact ligament.Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ)Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR)Medico Veterinário AutônomoUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ

Tratamento criocirúrgico de tumores e de fístulas, em cães Cryosurgical treatment of tumors and fistulas in dogs

O presente trabalho descreve a técnica criocirúrgica utilizando nitrogênio líquido em seis cães com neoplasias cutâneas, em cinco com tumores venéreos transmissíveis e em seis com fístulas na região anal. O aparelho utilizado permitiu que o nitrogênio líquido ebulisse continuadamente, sendo liberado em forma de pulverização com controle sobre a pressão do vapor.<br>This paper describes the use of a cryosurgical technique in six dogs with skin neoplasm, five with transmissible venereal tumors and six with perianal fistulas. The cryosurgical unit allowed liquid nitrogen boiling and its releasing as spray, owing to the control of nitrogen gas pressure

Prótese total articulada de joelho utilizada no tratamento de osteossarcoma apendicular em cão Total articulated prosthesis for treatment of apendicular osteosarcoma in a dog

O objetivo do trabalho foi reportar o planejamento cirúrgico, a técnica operatória, a instrumentação e os resultados da substituição completa do terço médio distal do fêmur, do platô tibial e da articulação do joelho por prótese em um cão acometido por osteossarcoma no fêmur esquerdo. A prótese foi confeccionada em aço, apresentando três componentes articulados, mantendo o movimento semelhante à articulação do joelho. As porções femorais e tibiais da prótese foram cimentadas aos respectivos ossos, após ostectomia do fêmur e do platô tibial. O animal foi submetido a seis sessões de quimioterapia, com doxorrubicina e carboplatina, intercaladas mensalmente, objetivando inibir o crescimento de possíveis metástases pulmonares. Durante os seis primeiros dias, o animal apresentou neuropraxia e impotência funcional do membro. Aos 10 dias, o cão iniciou leve apoio e aos 30 dias já utilizava o membro pélvico de forma mais efetiva, porém, o ângulo de extensão da articulação foi reduzido de 150&deg; a 100&deg; devido à contratura muscular e à fibrose na região da fossa poplítea. Após um ano de observação, não houve melhora do ângulo de extensão do joelho, porém, o animal fazia uso do membro com claudicação. Aos 425 dias de pós-operatório, o animal veio a óbito por insuficiência renal. Nesse tempo não ocorreram metástases pulmonares ou locais visíveis radiograficamente, mas o proprietário não permitiu a realização da necropsia do paciente, sendo impossível confirmar outros dados que pudessem esclarecer melhor a causa morte. Conclui-se que a substituição total do joelho de cão é uma cirurgia factível, que permite a preservação e a utilização do membro após ressecção da neoplasia, embora outras pesquisas devam ser conduzidas para obtenção de melhores resultados pós-cirúrgicos.<br>This report describes the surgical technique, instrumentation and results of complete substitution of portion distal of the femur and knee articulation to prosthesis, in a dog with bone tumor in distal left femur. The prosthesis was made of steel, and composed by three articulated components with the goal of maintaining range of motion as a normal knee movement. The femoral and tibial prosthesis portions were fixed to the respective bones during the surgery, after femural and tibial plato ostectomy. The patient received six doses of adjuvant chemotherapy, composed by doxorrubicin monthly alternated with carboplatin. At six days after surgery the dog developed neuropraxy and non-weight bearing lameness. At 10 days the dog started to mild use of the limb and at 30 days it was more effective, but the extension of the stifle range was reduced by 100&deg; because of the fibrosis and muscle contracture on the popliteal fossa. At one year, this angle didn't improve but the dog continued to bear weight on the limb. At 425 days, the dog had died by renal failure. At this time, there was no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis, but the necropsy was declined by the owner, impairing the collection of more data. In conclusion, the replacement of total knee and half of the femur in dogs is possible and viable, but further study is warranted in order to obtain better technique and specific instrumentation, to attain better surgical outcomes

Measurement of the Cross Section for High-pTp_T Hadron Production in Scattering of 160 GeV/c Muons off Nucleons

The cross section for production of charged hadrons with high transverse momenta in scattering of 160 GeV/c muons off nucleons at low photon virtualities has been measured at the COMPASS experiment at CERN. The results, which cover transverse momenta from 1.1 to 3.6 GeV/c, are compared to a next-to-leading order perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (NLO pQCD) calculation in order to evaluate the applicability of pQCD to this process in the kinematic domain of the experiment. The shape of the calculated differential cross section as a function of transverse momentum is found to be in good agreement with the experimental data, but the normalization is underestimated by NLO pQCD. This discrepancy may point towards the relevance of terms beyond NLO in the pQCD framework. The dependence of the cross section on the pseudo-rapidity and on the charge of the hadrons is also discussed

Exclusive ρ0\rho^0 muoproduction on transversely polarised protons and deuterons

The transverse target spin azimuthal asymmetry A_UT in hard exclusive production of rho^0 mesons was measured at COMPASS by scattering 160 GeV/c muons off transversely polarised protons and deuterons. The measured asymmetry is sensitive to the nucleon helicity-flip generalised parton distributions E^q, which are related to the orbital angular momentum of quarks in the nucleon. The Q^2, x_B and p_t^2 dependence of A_UT is presented in a wide kinematic range. Results for deuterons are obtained for the first time. The measured asymmetry is small in the whole kinematic range for both protons and deuterons, which is consistent with the theoretical interpretation that contributions from GPDs E^u and E^d approximately cancel.The transverse target spin azimuthal asymmetry AUTsin(ϕ−ϕS) in hard exclusive production of ρ0 mesons was measured at COMPASS by scattering 160 GeV/ c muons off transversely polarised protons and deuterons. The measured asymmetry is sensitive to the nucleon helicity-flip generalised parton distributions Eq , which are related to the orbital angular momentum of quarks in the nucleon. The Q2 , xBj and pT2 dependence of AUTsin(ϕ−ϕS) is presented in a wide kinematic range: 1(GeV/c)2<Q2<10(GeV/c)2 , 0.003<xBj<0.3 and 0.05(GeV/c)2<pT2<0.5(GeV/c)2 for protons or 0.10(GeV/c)2<pT2<0.5(GeV/c)2 for deuterons. Results for deuterons are obtained for the first time. The measured asymmetry is small in the whole kinematic range for both protons and deuterons, which is consistent with the theoretical interpretation that contributions from GPDs Eu and Ed approximately cancel.The transverse target spin azimuthal asymmetry A_UT in hard exclusive production of rho^0 mesons was measured at COMPASS by scattering 160 GeV/c muons off transversely polarised protons and deuterons. The measured asymmetry is sensitive to the nucleon helicity-flip generalised parton distributions E^q, which are related to the orbital angular momentum of quarks in the nucleon. The Q^2, x_B and p_t^2 dependence of A_UT is presented in a wide kinematic range. Results for deuterons are obtained for the first time. The measured asymmetry is small in the whole kinematic range for both protons and deuterons, which is consistent with the theoretical interpretation that contributions from GPDs E^u and E^d approximately cancel