NÃO SILENCIOU SOBRE O SEU TEMPO

Texto por Osman Lins

Ruínas de mundos perdidos: a estética residual de Brennand

This study tries to understand modern ruins through a Benjaminian reading. Besides analyzing Brennand’s heads as remainders of worlds which were lost in catastrophes, it relates Brennand’s sculptures to ruins in the works of some writers and poets such as Osman Lins, Antonio José Ponte, João Cabral de Melo Neto and Jorge Luis Borges

Insecticide resistance in the sand fly, Phlebotomus papatasi from Khartoum State, Sudan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Phlebotomus papatasi </it>the vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most widely spread sand fly in Sudan. No data has previously been collected on insecticide susceptibility and/or resistance of this vector, and a first study to establish a baseline data is reported here.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Sand flies were collected from Surogia village, (Khartoum State), Rahad Game Reserve (eastern Sudan) and White Nile area (Central Sudan) using light traps. Sand flies were reared in the Tropical Medicine Research Institute laboratory. The insecticide susceptibility status of first progeny (F1) of <it>P. papatasi </it>of each population was tested using WHO insecticide kits. Also, <it>P. papatasi </it>specimens from Surogia village and Rahad Game Reserve were assayed for activities of enzyme systems involved in insecticide resistance (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), non-specific carboxylesterases (EST), glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) and cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (Cyt p450).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Populations of <it>P. papatasi </it>from White Nile and Rahad Game Reserve were sensitive to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), permethrin, malathion, and propoxur. However, the <it>P. papatasi </it>population from Surogia village was sensitive to DDT and permethrin but highly resistant to malathion and propoxur. Furthermore, <it>P. papatasi </it>of Surogia village had significantly higher insecticide detoxification enzyme activity than of those of Rahad Game Reserve. The sand fly population in Surogia displayed high AChE activity and only three specimens had elevated levels for EST and GST.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The study provided evidence for malathion and propoxur resistance in the sand fly population of Surogia village, which probably resulted from anti-malarial control activities carried out in the area during the past 50 years.</p

Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2009: II. Neurology, cardiovascular, experimental, pharmacology and sedation, communication and teaching

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A imagem e suas formas de visualidade nos livros didáticos de Português<A NAME="top_"></A> Image and its forms od visuality in didactic books of Portuguese language

A importância do estudo da imagem e de sua utilização nos veículos de comunicação, principalmente os de caráter pedagógico, instaura, no âmbito escolar, a necessidade de se defrontar com a presença avassaladora da imagem visual no cotidiano dos sujeitos. Este texto pretende compreender os diferentes modos de visualidade em livros didáticos de Português, de 5 a 8 séries do Ensino Fundamental, nas décadas de 1960, 1970 e 1990. Qual o papel da escola ao se apropriar do discurso imagético e submetê-lo ao discurso pedagógico? Ao longo das décadas analisadas, como as imagens foram sendo constituídas por um discurso específico do processo de escolarização? Três abordagens teóricas, a saber, a imagem do ponto de vista funcional, semiótico e cognitivo, têm o objetivo de compor um conjunto de reflexões cujo eixo é a relação ensino-aprendizagem.<br>The importance of studying the image and its use in the media, mainly in the media with pedagogical features, establishes, in the school environment, the need to cope with the overwhelming presence of visual image in people's everyday life. This paper intends to analyze and understand the different aspects of visuality in Portuguese didactic books used in the last grades of Junior High School (from 5th to 8th grade of the Fundamental School in the Brazilian School System), during the 60s, 70s and 90s. Which role does school play, since it takes hold of the imagetical speech and submits it to the pedagogical speech? How have images been built by a speech that is specific to the school process, along the decades mentioned above? Three theoretical approaches, namely image seen form the functional, semiotical and cognitive points of view, aim at the constructing a set of reflections, the core of which is the teaching-learning relationship