1,299 research outputs found
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration vs fine-needle biopsy for the diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasoundguided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) as a method of obtaining preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) has been reported in several series.
Fine-needle biopsies (FNB) are increasingly employed to obtain core specimens during EUS. However, the differences in
efficacy between these sampling methods in the diagnosis
of PanNETs still needs to be defined.
Patients and methods Over a 13-year period, all patients
who underwent EUS-guided tissue sampling of suspicious
pancreatic lesions with clinical, endoscopic and pathologic
details were entered into an electronic database. Lesions
underwent EUS-FNA or FNB sampling, or a combination of
the two. The accuracy and safety of different EUS-guided
sampling methods for confirmed PanNETs were investigated.
Results A total of 91 patients (M/F: 42/49, median age: 57
years), who underwent 102 EUS procedures had a final diagnosis of PanNET. Both EUS-guided sampling modalities
were used in 28 procedures, EUS-FNA alone was used in 61
cases, while EUS-FNB alone in 13 cases. Diagnostic yield of
EUS-FNA and EUS-FNB alone, including the inadequate specimens, was 77.5 % (95 %CI: 68.9 – 86.2%) and 85.4 % (95 %
CI: 74.6 – 96.2 %), respectively. The combination of both
sampling modalities established the diagnosis in 96.4 % of
cases (27/28) (95 %CI: 89.6 – 100%), significantly superior
to EUS-FNA alone (P = 0.023). Diagnostic sensitivity among
the adequate samples for EUS-FNA, EUS-FNB and for the
combination of the two methods was 88.4 % (95 %CI:
80.9 – 96.0 %), 94.3% (95 %CI: 86.6 – 100%) and 100% (95%
CI: 100 – 100 %). There was one reported complication, a
post-FNA bleeding, treated conservatively.
Conclusions EUS-FNB improves diagnostic sensitivity and
confers additional information to cytological assessment
of PanNETs
Prior Mating Experience Modulates the Dispersal of Drosophila in Males More Than in Females
Cues from both an animal’s internal physiological state and its local environment may influence its decision to disperse. However, identifying and quantifying the causative factors underlying the initiation of dispersal is difficult in uncontrolled natural settings. In this study, we automatically monitored the movement of fruit flies and examined the influence of food availability, sex, and reproductive status on their dispersal between laboratory environments. In general, flies with mating experience behave as if they are hungrier than virgin flies, leaving at a greater rate when food is unavailable and staying longer when it is available. Males dispersed at a higher rate and were more active than females when food was unavailable, but tended to stay longer in environments containing food than did females. We found no significant relationship between weight and activity, suggesting the behavioral differences between males and females are caused by an intrinsic factor relating to the sex of a fly and not simply its body size. Finally, we observed a significant difference between the dispersal of the natural isolate used throughout this study and the widely-used laboratory strain, Canton-S, and show that the difference cannot be explained by allelic differences in the foraging gene
Obesity and treatment meanings in bariatric surgery candidates: a qualitative study
Background
This study used a qualitative approach to comprehend how the morbid obese conceptualize and deal with obesity and obesity treatment, with the particular aim of exploring the expectations and beliefs about the exigencies and the impact of bariatric surgery.
Methods
The study population included 30 morbid obese patients (20 women and 10 men) with a mean age of 39.17 years (SD = 8.81) and a mean body mass index of 47.5 (SD = 8.2) interviewed individually before surgery using open-ended questions. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and then coded according to grounded analysis methodology.
Results
Three main thematic areas emerged from the data: obesity, eating behavior, and treatment. Obesity is described as a stable and hereditary trait. Although participants recognize that personal eating behavior exacerbates this condition, patients see their eating behavior as difficult to change and control. Food seems to be an ever-present dimension and a coping strategy, and to follow an adequate diet plan is described as a huge sacrifice. Bariatric surgery emerges as the only treatment for obesity, and participants highlight this moment as the beginning of a new life where health professionals have the main role. Bariatric surgery candidates see their eating behavior as out of their control, and to commit to its demands is seen as a big sacrifice. For these patients, surgery is understood as a miracle moment that will change their lives without requiring an active role or their participation.
Conclusion
According to these results, it is necessary to validate them with qualitative and quantitative studies; it is necessary to promote a new awareness of the weight loss process and to empower patients before and after bariatric surgery.Bolsa de doutoramento SFRH/BD/37069/2007 da Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT
Mental disorders and employment status in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil: gender differences and use of health services
O Zoledronato no tratamento da osteoporose umeral em ratas: estudo prospectivo e randomizado
Malaria in humait a county, state of Amazonas, Brazil. XIX - evaluation of clindamycin for the treatment of patients with Plasmodium falciparum infection
Large scale laboratory cultures of Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Reisch) Korsikov (Chlorophyta) and Diaphanosoma biergei Korinek, 1981 (Cladocera)
photoproduction on the proton for photon energies from 0.725 to 2.875 GeV
Differential cross sections for the reaction have been
measured with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) and a tagged
photon beam with energies from 0.725 to 2.875 GeV. Where available, the results
obtained here compare well with previously published results for the reaction.
Agreement with the SAID and MAID analyses is found below 1 GeV. The present set
of cross sections has been incorporated into the SAID database, and exploratory
fits have been made up to 2.7 GeV. Resonance couplings have been extracted and
compared to previous determinations. With the addition of these cross sections
to the world data set, significant changes have occurred in the high-energy
behavior of the SAID cross-section predictions and amplitudes.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figure
Avaliação da resistência ao cisalhamento da união entre duas ligas a base de CoCr e uma cerâmica
INTRODUCTION: Based on the importance of the integrity of the metal/ceramic interface, the purpose of this work was to
evaluate the shear bond strength of the metal-ceramic union of two Co-Cr alloys (Wirobond C, Bego; Remanium 2000, Dentaurum)
combined with Omega 900 ceramic (Vita Zahnfabrik). MATERIAL and METHOD: Eleven cylindrical matrixes were made for
each alloy, and the metallic portion was obtained with the lost wax casting technique with standardized waxing of 4mm of height
and of 4mm of diameter. The ceramic was applied according to the manufacturer’s recommendations with the aid of a teflon
matrix that allowed its dimension to be standardized in the same size as the metallic portion. The specimens were submitted to
the shear bond test in an universal testing machine (EMIC), with the aid of a device developed for such intention, and constant
speed of 0.5mm/min. RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS: The mean resistance was 48.387MPa for Wirobond C alloy, with standard
deviation of 17.718, and 55.956MPa for Remanium 2000, with standard deviation of 17.198. No statistically significant difference
was observed between the shear strength of the two metal-ceramic alloys. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMOINTRODUÇÃO: Baseados na importância da integridade da interface metal-cerâmica, este trabalho tem como objetivo
avaliar a resistência ao cisalhamento da união metal-cerâmica de duas ligas de Co-Cr (Wirobond C, Bego; Remanium 2000,
Dentaurum) combinadas com a cerâmica Omega 900 (Vita Zahnfabrik). MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram confeccionados 11
corpos-de-prova cilíndricos para cada liga utilizada, sendo que a porção metálica foi obtida por fundição pela técnica da cera
perdida, através de enceramentos padronizados com 4mm de altura por 4mm de diâmetro. A aplicação da cerâmica foi realizada
segundo recomendações do fabricante, com auxílio de uma matriz de teflon que permitia sua padronização com as mesmas
dimensões da porção metálica. Os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos ao ensaio de resistência ao cisalhamento em máquina de
ensaios universal (EMIC), com auxílio de dispositivo desenvolvido para tal propósito, sob velocidade constante de 0,5mm/
min. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: As médias de resistência obtidas foram 48,387 MPa para a liga Wirobond C, com desvio
padrão de 17,718, e 55,956 MPa para a Remanium 2000, com desvio padrão de 17,198. Após análise de variância foi possível
observar que não há diferença estatisticamente significante entre os valores de resistência ao cisalhamento das duas ligas
metalocerâmicas
Drought generates large, long-term changes in tree and liana regeneration in a monodominant Amazon forest
The long-term dynamics of regeneration in tropical forests dominated by single tree species remains largely undocumented, yet is key to understanding the mechanisms by which one species can gain dominance and resist environmental change. We report here on the long-term regeneration dynamics in a monodominant stand of Brosimum rubescens Taub. (Moraceae) at the southern border of the Amazon forest. Here the climate has warmed and dried since the mid-1990′s. Twenty-one years of tree and liana regeneration were evaluated in four censuses in 30 plots by assessing species abundance, dominance, and diversity in all regeneration classes up to 5 cm diameter. The density of B. rubescens seedlings declined markedly, from 85% in 1997 to 29% in 2018 after the most intense El Niño-driven drought. While the fraction contributed by other tree species changed little, the relative density of liana seedlings increased from just 1 to 54% and three-quarters of liana species underwent a ten-fold or greater increase in abundance. The regeneration community experienced a high rate of species turnover, with changes in the overall richness and species diversity determined principally by lianas, not trees. Long-term maintenance of monodominance in this tropical forest is threatened by a sharp decline in the regeneration of the monodominant species and the increase in liana density, suggesting that monodominance will prove to be a transitory condition. The close association of these rapid changes with drying indicates that monodominant B. rubescens forests are impacted by drought-driven changes in regeneration, and therefore are particularly sensitive to climatic change
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